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Objective To investigate the correlation between the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) and the malignant degree and prognosis of patients with brain glioma.Methods A total of 90 patients with brain glioma were collected from March 2013 to September 2015 in Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital.The patients were divided into low malignant degree group (n =43) and high malignant degree group (n =47) according to the pathological grade of malignant degree.Fifty-two healthy volunteers were selected as control group at the same period.The fasting venous blood 5 mL of the patients with brain glioma was collected at the time points of pretherapy,the 14th day after operation,the first day after radiotherapy and chemotherapy.The fasting venous blood 5 mL was collected on the day of physical examination in the control group.The level of serum TNF-α was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the level of serum GFAP was measured by double antibody sandwich method.Results The levels of serum TNF-α and GFAP in the low malignant degree group and high malignant degree group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),and the levels of serum TNF-α and GFAP in the high malignant degree group were significantly lower than those in the low malignant degree group before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum TNF-α and GFAP at the time points on the 14th day after operation and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy were significantly lower than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05);the levels of serum TNF-α and GFAP after radiotherapy and chemotherapy were significantly lower than those on the 14th day after operation in the low malignant degree group (P ＜ 0.05).The level of serum TNF-α on the 14th day after operation was significantly lower than that before treatment in the high malignant degree group (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in serum GFAP level between the 14th day after operation and before treatment in the high malignant degree group (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of serum TNF-α and GFAP after radiotherapy and chemotherapy were significantly lower than those before treatment and the 14th day after operation in the high malignant degree group (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum TNF-α and GFAP in the patients with complete remission were significantly lower than those in the patients with partial remission,stable disease and progressive disease after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum TNF-α and GFAP in the patients with partial remission were significantly lower than those in the patients with stable disease and progressive disease after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum TNF-α and GFAP in the patients with stable disease were significantly lower than those in the patients with progressive disease after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The levels of serum TNF-α and GFAP are correlated with the malignant degree and the therapeutic effect in patients with brain glioma.It can be used as a biological marker to evaluate the malignant degree,therapeutic effect and prognosis of brain glioma.
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Cows infected with Escherichia (E.) coli usually experience severe clinical symptoms, including damage to mammary tissues, reduced milk yield, and altered milk composition. In order to investigate the host response to E. coli infection and discover novel markers for mastitis treatment, mammary tissue samples were collected from healthy cows and bovines with naturally occurring severe E. coli mastitis. Changes of mammary tissue proteins were examined using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and label-free proteomic approaches. A total of 95 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Of these, 56 proteins were categorized according to molecular function, cellular component, and biological processes. The most frequent biological processes influenced by the proteins were response to stress, transport, and establishment of localization. Furthermore, a network analysis of the proteins with altered expression in mammary tissues demonstrated that these factors are predominantly involved with binding and structural molecule activities. Vimentin and alpha-enolase were central "functional hubs" in the network. Based on results from the present study, disease-induced alterations of protein expression in mammary glands and potential markers for the effective treatment of E. coli mastitis were identified. These data have also helped elucidate defense mechanisms that protect the mammary glands and promote the pathogenesis of E. coli mastitis.