Characteristics of distributions of serum neutralizing antibodies to human rhinovirus genotype A21 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#Human rhinovirus A21 (HRVA21) with mutations in antigenic gene has been reported causing severe human infections. This study aimed to investigate intensively the pathogenesis of HRVA21 by identifying the characteristics of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) distribution.@*Methods@#Virus stock was isolated from HRVA21-positive respiratory specimens. The tissue culture infective dose 50 (TCID50) was applied. Sera from healthy volunteers in different age groups were used to analyze the NAbs by using the diluted serum and fixed viral TCID50.@*Results@#We obtained the HRVA21 virus stock and its whole genome sequences shared 100% similarity to the used clinical sample. In the 379 collected serum samples, the positive rates of NAbs were 21.7%, 14.1%, 28.2%, 25.4%, 27.9% and 20.7% in age groups of 0-5 y, 5-14 y, 15-25 y, 26-45 y, 46-60 y and > 60 y, respectively. In age groups of >5-14 y and 15-25 y, the positive rate of NAbs showed significantly different (χ2=4.68454, P=0.03044). Higher geometric mean titers were found in 15-25 y group compared to 5-14 y age groups (P=0.0313).@*Conclusions@#The low level of HRVA21 NAbs in different age groups indicated a low epidemic of HRV21 infection and high susceptability to infections by the virus.

Clinical analysis of endovascular embolization in the treatment of 130 cases of intracranial aneurysms / 重庆医学

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of endovascular embolization in intracranial aneurysm treatment .Methods We retrospectively analyzed 130 patients with different locations and types intracranial aneurysms treated by variety endovascular em‐bolization .The postoperative and long‐term follow up results was examined .Results 124 cases with 139 aneurysms was successful‐ly embolized ,1 case failed but clipping successfully .6 cases suffered from intraoperative bleeding ,3 cases died ,3 cases had a good recovery .The results of Glasgow Outcome Scale after operation:1 score 3 cases ,2 score 0 case ,3 score 1 case ,4 score 3 cases ,5 score 123 cases .119 cases(91% ) were followed up for 3‐48 months with an average of 12 months .33 cases(27% ) achieved long‐term follow‐up(exceeded 6 months) .During follow‐up ,1 case had severe stenosis of the parent artery and received angioplasty .The other cases didn′t see aneurysms in cerebral angiography and showed different degree of neurological function recovery .Conclusion According to the different intracranial aneurysm with endovascular treatment of corresponding intravascular can effectively im‐prove the clinical treatment effect ,reduce the risk of aneurysm rupture ,improve the prognosis of the patients .

Clinical significance of expression of p73 gene and its protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the expression of p73 gene and its protein and their relation with clinicopathologic features in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues.Methods Expression of p73 mRNA and protein in 52 NPC and 25 normal nasopharyngeal tissues was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry.Results Expression of p73 mRNA and protein was significantly higher in NPC than that in normal nasopharyngeal tissues (mRNA:73.1％ vs 24.0 ％,protein:71.2 ％ vs 36.0 ％),there were significant statistical differences between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05),and their expression was closely related to tumor invasion depth,degree of differentiation and clinical stage (P ＜ 0.05).Expression of p73 gene and protein was not closely related to age and gender (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Detection expression of p73 mRNA and its protein can be helpful in the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation in NPC.

Clinical research of liposome paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin in treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy,overall survival and toxicities in the patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated by liposome paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin as first-line treating.Methods 34 cases with advanced NSCLC were treated with liposome paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 on day 1 and nedaplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1 by intravenous infusion,with 21 days as one cycle.The patients were treated with chemotherapy more than 2 cycles.Efficacy evaluation and adverse events were evaluated every 2 cycles.Results 34 patients were available for evaluation of efficacy and adverse events.The patients recieved 174 cycles of chemotherapy,and the median was 5.3 cycles.The objective response rate of liposome paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin was 32.3 ％,the disease control rate was 67.6 ％,the median overall survival was 9.5 months (95 ％ CI 6.2-10.7),1 years survival rate was 40.6 ％.The main adverse events were hematological and gastrointestinal toxicities.Frequent grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ toxicities included neutropenia (41.7 ％),anemia (17.6 ％),thrombocytopenia (8.8 ％),nausea and vomiting (8.8 ％),diarrhea (5.8 ％).Conclusions The regimen of liposome paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin is against advanced non-small cell lung cancer with high efficacy and acceptable toxicities,and it may be used as a new choice for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

The application of elasticity imaging and area ratio by ultrasonography in diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of elasticity imaging and area ratio by ultrasonography in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.Methods Gray-scale ultrasound and elasticity imaging was used to examine 88 patients with thyroid nodules.The elasticity classification and area ratio were retrospectively reviewed and compared with pathology.The elasticity grades 1 - 3 predicted benign,grades 4 - 5 predicted malignant.Results Eighty-eight patients with 116 thyroid nodules were detected,93 nodules were benign and 23 nodules were malignant.( 1 )An elasticity grades of 1 - 3 was observed in 82 (95.3％) of 86 benign nodules,while elasticity grades of 4 - 5 in 19 (63.3％) of 30 malignant nodules.The diagnosis sensitivity,specificity and accurate rate of the elasticity grades was 82.6％,88.2％,87.1％.(2) The mean of elasticity imaging and area ratio of 93 benign nodules (1.31 ± 0.13 ) was statistically lower than that in 23 malignant nodules ( 1.73 ± 0.13 ) (t =13.536,P =0.001 ).( 3 )According to ROC analysis,the cut-off point of elasticity imaging and area ratio was determined as 1.52.With elasticity imaging and area ratio ＜ 1.52,89 nodules [98.9％(89/90)] were confirmed as benign and 22 nodules [84.6％ (22/26)] were confirmed as malignant by pathology.The diagnosis sensitivity,specificity and accurate rate of elasticity imaging and area ratio was 95.7％,95.7％,95.7％.(4)The area under the ROC curve of elasticity imaging and area ratio ≥ 1.52 was 0.996,significantly higher than that of elasticity grades ≥ 4 (0.891).The diagnostic accurate rate of elasticity imaging and area ratio was significantly higher than that of elasticity grades(95.7％ vs.87.1％,x2 =5.472,P=0.019).Conclusions The elasticity imaging and area ratio by ultrasonography can be used in the differential diagnosis of thyroid lesions.It is a new diagnostic indicator for diagnosis of thyroid lesions.

Relationship between gallbladder wall-typing and the main portal vein, right portal vein hemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis with high-frequency ultrasound / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To investigate the relationship between gallbladder wall-typing and the main portal vein, right portal vein hemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods The main portal vein, right portal vein hemodynamics and the thickness of gallbladder wall were examined in 69 patients with cirrhosis and 30 normal subjects (control group) with two-dimensional ultrasound, color Doppler ultrasound and high-frequency ultrasound. According to the gallbladder wall-typing, 69 patients with liver cirrhosis were divided into not thickened, simple thickening and bilateral subgroups. The paremeters of hemodynamics and the thickness of gallbladder wall were compared among groups. Results There was statistical difference in thickness of gallbladder wall among all 3 subgroups. Statistical difference of the diameter of main portal vein (D_(pv)) was found among the subgroups (P0.05). There was positive correlation between the gallbladder wall thickness and D_(pv) (r=0.886, P<0.01). Conclusion The gallbladder wall-typing has no correlation with the right portal vein hemodynamics, but is related with the main portal vein hemodynamics. The bilateral and the thickness of gallbladder wall can indirectly reflect the hemodynamic changes of main portal vein. Obstruction to flow of cystic vein is not the main hemodynamic cause for the gallbladder wall changes in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension cause, indicating that there may be some intrinsic mechanisms of this phenomenon.

Monitoring myocardial ischemia by EASI-derived 12-lead electrocardiogram in orthopaedic surgery / 中国医师进修杂志

Objecfive To investigate possibihty of monitoring myocardial isehemia by eontinuous EASI 12-lead ST-segment trend analysis during orthopaedic surgery and find its rules.Methods Three hundred and eleven consecutive patients who underwent orthopaedic surgery were monitored bv continuous EASI 12-lead ST-segment analysis during surgery.Results Among 311 patients 81 patients(26.0%) had myocardial ischemic events.The ischemie incidence of general anesthetics WaS signifieantly higher than local anesthetics(the spinal or epidural anesthetics and nerve-block anesthetics)(38.1%vs 23.0%.P＝ 0.01 5).During ischemie events the patients whose heart rate exceeded 90 beat per minute was 71.6% (58/81).Among the 177 isehemie events,the duration ofless than 5 minutes was 79.7%(141/177).ST-seg- ment deviation ofless than 0.15 mV was 71.2%(126/177).Conclusions During orthopaedic surgery EASt 12-lead electrocardiogram is the optimal approach for monitoring myocardial isehemia.The ischemic incidence of general anesthetics is significantly higher than local anesthetics.The myocardial ischemia events correlates with fast heart rate.The intraoperative myocardial ischemia events are more often transient.In most of these ischemic events ST-segment deviation is not very serious.

Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic carotid cavernous fistula / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the diagnosis and management of traumatic carotid cavernous fistula (TCCF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In all 15 patients with TCCF confirmed by angiography, 8 patients got early diagnosis and cure. With Seldinger technique adopted in the puncture of femoral artery, Magic 3 F-1.8 F BD catheters combining with balloon were used to embolize the fistula or the internal carotid artery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Early diagnosis and cure were achieved in 8 patients within one week and no sequelae occurred. Seven patients with delayed diagnosis who were cured beyond one week had some sequelae such as hypopsia in 5 cases, incomplete oculomotor paralyses in 3 and incomplete abducent paralyses in 2. Among all the 15 cases, the internal carotid artery was preserved in 12 cases accounting for 80%. Occluding the fistula with sacrifice of the internal carotid artery was performed in 3 cases and no repatency of the fistula occurred by following up beyond three months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The preferred therapy for TCCF is to occlude the fistula using detachable balloon. The diagnosis and treatment for TCCF can significantly reduce occurrence rate of the complications and sequelae.</p>

The influence of traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage on prognosis of head injury / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the influence of traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage on secondary intracranial damage in GCS 13-15 head injuries and prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty-eight patients with mild head injury, including 64 with subarachnoid hemorrhage and 64 without subarachnoid hemorrhage, were selected and analyzed according to the changes of their conditions after injury.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Intracranial abnormality was found in 14 patients (21.87%) with subarachnoid hemorrhage and only in 4 patients (6.25%) without subarachnoid hemorrhage (P<0.01). In the 14 patients, 4 were given surgical treatment. Mild disability was in 2 patients and 2 completely recovered. The rest were conservatively treated and achieved complete recovery at last.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, as a factor of intracranial complications in mild head injury should be given much attention. Early drainage of bloody cerebrospinal fluid by lumbar puncture is an effective method for prevention and treatment of complications in mild head injury.</p>