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【Objective】 To determine the optimal process conditions for efficiently extracting human prothrombin complex concentrates from human plasma. 【Methods】 Using human plasma as the materials and the yield of prothrombin complex concentrates as the evaluation standard, the preparation process parameters were studied and optimized through design of exporement(DOE), orthogonal experiments, and single factor experiments. 【Results】 The optimal process conditions were as follows: DEAE Sephadex A50 gel was selected, which balanced to pH 7.6, and then the amount of 1.7-2.5 g/L of plasma weight is added into the cryoprecipitate supernatant for adsorption for 40 minutes; Washing solution (0.15-0.175 mol/L sodium chloride) with 3 times the volume of gel was washed 3 times, and eluent (0.5-2.0 mol/L sodium chloride) was washed 3 to 5 times; Add stabilizer (heparin 35 IU, sodium chloride 0.1 mol/L) for ultrafiltration dialysis. 【Conclusion】 By using the optimized process mentioned above, the yield(measured by human coagulation factor IX)can reach 620 000 to 630 000 IU/ton of plasma, which is suitable for large-scale production.
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Objective To investigate the effect of early rehabilitation physiotherapy on muscle quality and function in critical patients. Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was performed. Adult critically ill patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Anhui Provincial Hospital from October 1st, 2016 to August 31st, 2017 who had been hospitalized for more than 7 days and had acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ ) > 8 were enrolled, and they were divided into treatment group and control group according to random number table method. All patients were given routine treatment, and on this basis, the treatment group was given rehabilitation therapy within 24 hours after admission, including limb active / passive activities, respiratory muscle function training and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, etc. Bedside ultrasound was used to measure the area and cross sectional thickness of left rectus femoris muscle and the cross sectional thickness of middle thigh muscle of patients at 1, 4 and 7 days after treatment; at the same time, the muscle strength of sober patients was evaluated by medical research council (MRC) muscle strength evaluation method, and the mechanical ventilation time, ICU hospitalization time and ICU expenses were recorded. Results Forty patients were enrolled in this study, with 20 in each group. Compared with the control group, the difference of left rectus femoris muscle area between 1 day and 4 days, 4 days and 7 days, 1 day and 7 days (cm2: 0.19±0.02 vs. 0.31±0.19, 0.02±0.01 vs. 0.08±0.05, 0.04±0.02 vs. 0.38±0.23), and the difference in left rectus femoris thickness (cm: 0.01±0.01 vs. 0.14±0.13, 0.03±0.03 vs. 0.16±0.14) and the difference in middle thigh muscle thickness (cm: 0.02±0.02 vs. 0.11±0.09, 0.03±0.02 vs. 0.16±0.12) between 1 day and 4 days, 1 day and 7 days in the treatment group were significantly reduced (all P <0.01). The MRC strength score in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 7 days (52.06±3.52 vs. 47.94±3.96, P < 0.05). The mechanical ventilation time in the treatment group (n = 15) and the control group (n = 13) were (138.5±34.5) hours and (185.0±40.9) hours, respectively, and the difference between two groups were statistical significance (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the incidence rate of ICU acquired muscle weakness (ICUAW) in the treatment group was significantly decreased [5.0% (1/20) vs. 40.0% (8/20), P < 0.05], the length of ICU stay was significantly shortened (days: 17.67±4.91 vs. 22.06±5.94, P < 0.05), and the ICU expenses were significantly reduced (ten thousand yuan: 7.53±2.09 vs. 9.55±1.73, P < 0.05). Conclusion Early rehabilitation physiotherapy can improve the muscle quality and function in critical patients, and decrease the length of ICU stay.
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Objective To analyze the use of the semantic type of the top-level ontology of military medicine in order to find problems with the semantic type framework and make it more scientific and comprehensive.Methods Using data driven method, the frequency with which the semantic type of the top-level ontology of military medicine was used in military medical core concepts was statistically analyzed.Results By ranking the use frequency of the semantic types, the semantic types which had higher or lower frequency, and those that had never been used were analyzed.Conclusion The established semantic type framework of the top-level ontology of military medicine is basically consistent with the expression of military medical knowledge and can be constantly updated and improved with the development of military medicine.
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With the rapid development of biotechnology such as NGS and proteomics , bioinformatics has seen an explo-sion in diversity and complexity in terms of data , tools and demands .The traditional computing environment , including ded-icated workstations and virtual machines , are no longer suitable under such circumstances .As a rising container technolo-gy, Docker, which is characterized by light weight , openness and security ,has provided an innovative solution to analysis and processing of biological big data and attracted increasing attention from bioinformatics developers and users .Consider-ing the demands and features of development , deployment and application of bioinformatics tools in the age of big data , this paper analyzes the advantages of Docker in this field , introduces some actual cases and discusses current deficiencies and future improvement .
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Objective To study and construct related models of medical evacuation of the wounded during earthquake relief.Methods Based on the Agent model,the boundary of the medical evacuation system for the wounded was determined and the Agent model system was established according to the medical service theory about medical evacuation of the wounded during earthquake relief.Using Agent-based modeling,the structure,attribute,related behavior and function of key Agent models were analyzed and the model structure was presented.Results and Conclusion The Agent model system including 11 Agent models is divided into business Agent modeling,assistant Agent modeling and environment Agent modeling.Six key models are built,and the interaction and coordination mechanisms of various types Agent models are established.
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Objective To explore the construction method of semantic types of military medical ontology and to establish a framework for the semantic types of the top-level ontology of military medicine in order to lay the foundation for the construction of military medical ontology and provide support for knowledge organization, knowledge disclosure and knowledge service of military medical information resources.Methods Using the method of document measurement, the core concept set of military medicine was constructed.On the basis of the framework of the top-level semantic types of Unified Medical Language System(UMLS), the semantic type framework was completed by the combination of bottom-up and top-down modes, using semantic analysis and expert consultation.Results By classifying the same kind of knowledge points of military medicine into one semantic type, the hierarchical structure of the semantic type framework of the top-level ontology of military medicine was obtained.Conclusion The proposed method is effective and practical for the construction of the semantic types of military medical ontology.The established semantic type framework of the top-level ontology of military medicine could reconstruct military medical knowledge and provide the basic framework for the establishment of the semantic relationships of the top-level ontology of military medicine.
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Objective To observe the effect of systemic chemotherapy on conditions of tumor infiltrating,metastasis and disease-specific survival (DSS) for advanced retinoblastoma (RB).Methods Forty-one patients with advanced RB who received enucleation were enrolled in this study.There were 26 males and 15 females,age at diagnosis was ranged from 2 to 72 months,with a mean of 23.08 months.There were 16 bilateral patients and 25 unilateral patients;13 group D eyes and 28 group E eyes.16 patients received enucleation as the primary treatment (operation group),25 eyes received chemotherapy before enucleation (chemotherapy group).There was no significant statistical difference between two groups for the gender,unilateral and bilateral,international staging or diagnostic age (P＞0.05).The histopathology report was performed to assess the risk of postoperative tumor-node-metastasis staging (pTNM) in each patient,and the extent of tumor invasion in the optic nerve,choroid and anterior chamber was divided into 3 levels of low risk,medium risk and high risk.Five deaths were all in the group E with chemotherapy before enucleation.Using R software survival analysis software package survfit function,the application of Kaplan-Meier estimation method,DSS of RB children was calculated from the time of diagnosis,up to the date of the death of patient.DSS differences between chemotherapy,operation group and eye removal time (more than 3 months,less than 3 months) in group E RB children were analyzed.Results The proportion of high risk pTNM stage in chemotherapy group was significantly lower than the operation group.But there was no significant difference between the two groups in the overall risk classification (x2 =3.130,P=0.077).For group D eyes,the overall risk classification in chemotherapy group was significantly lower than the operation group (x2 =5.870,P=0.015).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the overall risk of group E eyes (x2 =0.020,P=0.889).The DSS in chemotherapy group and operation group were 0.71 and 1.00,respectively;the difference was significant (x2 =3.700,P=0.05).The DSS in children whose enucleation delayed for more than 3 months and children whose enucleation performed within 3 months were 0.64 and 1.00,respectively;the difference was significant (x2 =4.800,P=0.028).Conclusion Systemic chemotherapy did not reduce the risk of tumor invasion and metastasis in patients with advanced RB.Instead,it will reduce the DSS in group E eyes of RB.
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The information security and privacy protection of electronic health records (HER) are greatly con-cerned by healthcare administrators, healthcare providers and patients in the era of big data and cloud computing. The concepts of information security and privacy protection of HER wre defined according to the systematic investi-gation of related literature, the keys to the information security and privacy protection of HER were summarized, and the advances in research on information security and privacy protection of HER were described.
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The development of high throughput sequencing technology has promoted the development of many related spheres of research .Many research institutions are studying algorithms of microorganism detection using high throughput se -quencing data .Some algorithms have already been designed and published .In this paper , we investigated the literature re-garding the use of high throughput sequencing data for microorganism detection , studied the function and workflow of four released algorithms of microorganism detection based on high throughput sequencing data , and analyzed their advantages and disadvantages.Finally, we summarized how these detection algorithms were designed and classified them before we proposed ways of improvement .
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Objective To establish a military disease prevention and control website to achieve dissemination of disease control information , resource sharing , business communication in the whole army , and popularize relevant knowledge of disease prevention and control promotion among the troops .Methods Based on the content management system and meta-data repository platform,B/S system architecture, JSP,MySQL and other programming techniques and tools were used to complete the system development .Results The military disease prevention and control website we designed has been for-mally launched ,which was able to implement a set of functions such as content distribution , full-text retrieval ,classification and aggregation of knowledge , online consultation .Conclusion This website plays a positive role in enhancing military prevention and control ,popularizing relevant laws and regulations ,meeting the health needs of the army soldiers and impro-ving the ability of disease prevention in grass-roots units.
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Objective To compare the value of hardness rating and area ratio method of ultrasound elastog-raphy in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions.Methods ultrasound imaging data of 120 cases with breast lesions(130 breast)who were pathologically confirmed during the period from January 201 1 to June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed,there were 62 malignant tumors,68 benign tumors,the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of hardness rating and area ratio method of ultrasound elastography in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions were assessed.Results (1 )The ultrasound elastography of 52 cases with benign tumor were 0 -2point, 16 cases were 3-4point,10 cases with malignant tumors were 0 -2point,52 cases were 3 -4point,the difference between two groups were statistically significant(χ2 =11.55,P<0.05);(2)The average area ratio of benign tumor was (1.09 ±0.37),malignant tumors was (2.28 ±1.68),the difference between two groups were statistically signifi-cant(t =6.22,P=0.01);(3)the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of elastography hardness rating in diagnosis of malignant breast tumors were 83.87%,6.47%,80.00%,the area ratio method were 80.65%,75.00%,77.68%, joint inspection of two groups were 93.10%,93.55%,93.09%,joint inspection had obvious advantages,the differ-ence was statistically significant(all P<0.05 ).Conclusion Hardness rating and area ratio method of ultrasound elastography in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions had higher value and higher diagnostic accuracy of combined.
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Objective To compare the efficacy of ultrasound -guided percutaneous catheter drainage and incision and drainage catheter in treatment of liver abscess.Methods 50 cases with liver abscess who had given ultrasound -guided percutaneous catheter drainage as the observation group were randomly selected and 50 cases with liver abscess who had given open catheter drainage over the same period were selected as the control group.The cure rate,white blood cell count(WBC),body temperature returned to normal,extubation time,hospitalization and the occurrence of complications of two groups were compared.Results (1)The WBC,body temperature returned to nor-mal,extubation time,hospitalization of the observation group were (4.35 ±1.45 )d,(3.68 ±1.68)d,(10.85 ± 1.66)d,(13.76 ±2.80)d,which were significantly shorter than (7.66 ±2.83)d,(6.22 ±2.75 )d,(13.05 ± 1.95)d,(17.96 ±2.91 )d of the control group.The difference between the two groups had statistically significant (t1 =8.352,t2 =9.145,t3 =7.552,t4 =8.443,all P <0.05);(2)One case of postoperative wound infection of the observation group,the complication rate was 2%,two cases of postoperative wound infection of the control group,one case of empyema,two cases of bleeding,the incidence was 10%,the difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups were statistically significant(χ2 =6.73,P <0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound -guided percu-taneous catheter drainage was trauma,quick recovery,safer,which is worthy of clinical application.
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Objective To establish a regional medical information sharing platform used to promote the sharing of regional medical data such as electronic medical records( EMR) and medical images in order to improve medical services. Methods With reference to results and experience of the domestic and foreign research and by virtualizing re-establish-ment of the existing medical information resources,a regional medical information sharing platform was established based on cloud computing, SOA,and Web services, and then the heterogeneous information systems in different medical institutions were integrated.Results A novel cloud platform solution was proposed for clinical information exchange between medical institutions based on Web services that exchanged data and ensured the data security and privacy using XML encryption and compression.The prototype developed in a cloud environment was put into use in dozens of military hospitals to enable the sharing of clinical information.Conclusion This cloud computing platform has the advantages of dynamic scalability, distributed and ubiquitous access.It is highly feasible and practical for regional medical informatization.
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Military medicine has to restructure itself to meet military needs and e-Science patterns of the information age.This restructuration is known asinformationization of military medicine ( IMM).IMM is a process of vision refresh-ing into information thinking, mission expansion to the information field and paradigm shift to normal forms of information. The result is the emergence of military med-information technologies, military med-information research fields, and military med-informatics disciplines.
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In this paper, we generalized the basic concept of ability health management and discussed its core connota -tion in terms of ability health measurement , ability health assessment and ability training .After defining ability health meas-urement, outlined the process of determining the measurement items and listed the main contents of measurement standardi -zation.Further, we systematically analyzed the basic components of ability health assessment , including the index system , standards, methods and process .We also discussed the function , classification and principle of ability training .Finally, we drew the conclusion that the goal of ability health management is to improve the ability health level so as to consolidate and promote the operation capability of military personnel .
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Objective To analyze the requirements of the Chinese PLA biosecurity and disease prevention and to develop an Internet information tracking system for infectious disease surveillance .Methods A focused crawler was used to automatically collect Internet information about infectious diseases before the information could be released , automatically correlated and analyzed .Results This system could claw the Internet information of infectious disease surveillance and build an infectious disease surveillance information knowledge database .Conclusion The use of this system can not only improve the efficiency of information studies , but also meet the information requirements of infectious disease prevention in Chinese PLA.
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Based on a correct understanding of the related concepts and system of the evaluation of human resources for military medical sciences ( EHRMMS), this thesis established a three-dimension model of EHRMMS that is composed of the evaluation goal, evaluation subject and evaluation object, and analyzed the factors that affect the crucial parameters in the model.We also analyzed the features and regularity of the evaluation model, and tentatively explored the application of the model.
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Objective To establish a method of simultaneously quantitative analysis for multi-components by single marker( QAMS)of galuteolin,apigenin-7-glucoside,7-methoxycoumarin,luteolin and apigenin in two species of Chamomiles from Xinjiang. Methods By using apigenin as the internal standard,the relative correction factors( RCF)of galuteolin,apigenin-7-glucoside,7-methoxycoumarin and luteolin were set and determined by UPLC. The contents of galuteolin,apigenin-7-glucoside,7-methoxycoumarin,luteolin and apigenin in 11 samples of Chamomiles were authentically determined by the external standard method,to verify the accuracy of QAMS. Results There is a good linear relationship within the range of standard curve for five compounds by the external standard method(r〉0. 999 3);the average recovery was 99. 7%,97. 5,98. 8%,100. 9%,99. 1%,for galuteolin,apigenin-7-glucoside,7-methoxycoumarin,luteolin and apigenin,respectively,with RSD as 1. 8%,0. 6%,0. 5%, 1. 8% and 1. 9%,respectively. The RCF for pigenin-7-glucoside,galuteolin,7-methoxycoumarin and luteolin to apigenin was 1. 441,2. 308,1. 117,1. 490,respectively,with RSD as 0. 07%,0. 04%,0. 09% and 0. 18%,respectively. No significant difference between the quantitative results by QAMS and external standard method was observed. Conclusion It is practical to determine content of galuteolin,apigenin-7-glucoside,7-methoxycoumarin,luteolin with RCF and apigenin by using external standard method,for the deficiency and expensive of the standard reference.
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Objective To compare the clinical outcome between vertebra fracture fixation plus injectable calcium sulfate vertebroplasty and simple vertebra fracture fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture.Methods A total of 61 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture treated from January 2005 to December 2008 were involved and divided into two groups,ie,Group A ( treated with three-level fixation at fractured vertebra and injectable calcium sulfate vertebroplasty) and Group B ( treated with three-level fixation at fractured vertebra alone).Group A had 22 males and 10 females,at mean age of 36.8 years (21-65 years).The mean follow-up period was 15.6 months (13-27 months).Group B had 18 males and 11 females,at mean age of 38.3 years (19-70 years).The mean follow-up period was 14.7 months (12-28 months).The ratio of anterior vertebral height,Cobb angle,VAS score were compared between the two groups.Results There were no statistical differences in the aspects of age,sex,fracture segments and preoperative neurological status distribution in the two groups( P ＞0.05 ).All patients with partial neurologic deficits initially improved for 1-2 grade at the final follow-up.Blood loss and operation time in Group A were less than that in Group B (P ＜0.05 ).The ratio of anterior vertebral height and the Cobb angle showed no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05 ),but the ratio of anterior vertebral height and the Cobb angle in Group A was less than those in Group B at the latest follow-up (P ＜0.05 ).The VAS score showed no statistical significance between the two groups at the latest followup (P ＞ 0.05 ).There was one patient with screw breakage in Group B,while there was no implant failure in Group A.Conclusion The vertebra fracture fixation plus calcium sulfate cement vertebroplasty is a safe and effective method for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture as it can restore the vertebral mechanical strength,achieve and maintain kyphosis correction,decrease the instrument failure rate and loss of vertebral height.
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Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of ganoderma acid in therapy of the rat essential hypertension.Methods 30 male spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) were divided randomly into three groups:control group (CG),ganoderma acid group (Gan) and captoril (Cap) as positive control group.SHR were fed with distilled water (10 ml/kg) in control group,ganoderma acid (0.6 g/kg ) in Gan group,catopril (0.03 g/kg) in Cap group.After 8-weeks therapy,5 ml blood was extracted,rats in every group were sacrificed to get the aorta.The mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD),nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were detected by RT-PCR and the apoptosis of endothelial cells were measured by flowcytometry.Results After the 8 weeks therapy,as compared with the CG group,blood pressure of SHR in Gan group became stable[(112.6±3.2) mm Hg](P＜0.01).The expression of SOD,NOS and HDL showed obviously upregulated,and apoptosis of endothelial cell decreased significantly (P＜0.01).NO contents increased,and MDA,ET-1 decreased (P＜0.01).The contents of LDL decreased and HDL increased (P＜0.01).Conclusions Ganoderma acid may improve the function of endothelial cell and decrease the blood pressure by promoting the mRNA expression and activity of SOD,cleaning the radical ions and inhibiting the apoptosis of the endothelial cell.