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Objective@#To elucidate the expression levels of key immune biomarkers, phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and programmed cell death protein1(PD-1),of different immune tolerance pathway in classic Hodgkin’s lymphoma (CHL) to further determine their clinical role and prognostic significance.@*Methods@#The clinical features and prognostic factors of 56 CHL patients, who were admitted to the TianJin Medical University Cancer Institute from February 2003 to August 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. PTEN and PD-1 protein expression levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA (EBER) was performed by in situ hybridization assay. Correlations between the expression of biomarkers and clinicopathologic parameters were examined and survival analyses were performed.@*Results@#This cohort of 56 CHL patients included 34 males and 22 females with a median age of 25 years (ranged from 7 to 71 years). In a univariate analysis, age≥45, IPS score >2, EBER positive, high expression of PTEN protein conferred inferior 5-year OS and 5-year PFS; In a multivariate model, age≥45, IPS score >2, EBER positive, high expression of PTEN protein were identified as the independent adverse prognostic factors for CHL.@*Conclusions@#This study suggested for the first time that PTEN was independent prognostic immune biomarkers in CHL, which provided the novel therapeutic strategy of immune therapy for CHL.
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The defense mechanism of tumor immune response is triggered spontaneously with the onset of oncogenesis in hemato-logical malignancy. However, the presence of activated immune cells and effector cytokines activates multiple immunosuppressive pathways prior to clinical diagnosis of tumors,which synergize with each other and cause dysfunction of tumor antigen-specific T cells, ultimately leading to a state of immune tolerance in hematological malignancies.Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)is an important member of these immunosuppressive pathways,which induces counter-regulation to limit the inflammatory response and triggers T cell-acquired tolerance,eventually inhibiting the tumor immune response.Considering the role of IDO in immunosuppression,IDO in-hibitors constitute an important part of the immunotherapeutic arsenal against various tumors,especially hematological malignancies, and have been studied extensively in recent years.This review discusses the significance of IDO and its inhibitors in the treatment and prognosis of hematological malignancies.