Aplicação do programa shuttle time no ensino do badminton na escola: refletindo relações de gênero / Application of the shuttle time program in teaching badminton at school: reflecting gender relations / Aplicación del programa shuttle time en la enseñanza del bádminton en la escuela: reflejando las relaciones de género

O objetivo deste estudo é descrever sobre a questão de gênero nas aulas de badminton na Educação Física escolar. O estudo trata-se de um relato de experiência de abordagem qualitativa e de natureza descritiva. Participaram do estudo duas turmas de 7º anos de uma escola pública. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram dois questionários e observação participante. Construímos uma sequência didática, contendo dez aulas com momentos dialógicos e vivenciais. Os dados revelam que a questão de gênero foi refletida e compreendida pelos e pelas estudantes nas aulas de badminton. Consideramos que os objetivos propostos na sequência didática foram alcançados, tendo em vista que as relações de gênero foram potencializadas por meio das vivências e das reflexões.

The objective of this study is to describe the gender issue in badminton classes in school Physical Education. The study is an experience report with a qualitative approach and descriptive nature. Two 7th grade classes from a public school participated in the study. The data collection instruments were two questionnaires and participant observation. We built a didactic sequence, containing ten classes with dialogical and experiential moments. The data reveal that the gender issue was reflected and understood by students in badminton classes. We consider that the objectives proposed in the didactic sequence were achieved, considering that gender relations were enhanced through experiences and reflections.

El objetivo de este estudio es describir la problemática de género en las clases de bádminton en la Educación Física escolar. El estudio es un relato de experiencia con enfoque cualitativo y carácter descriptivo. En el estudio participaron dos clases de séptimo grado de una escuela pública. Los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron dos cuestionarios y la observación participante. Construimos una secuencia didáctica que contiene diez clases con momentos dialógicos y vivenciales. Los datos revelan que la cuestión de género fue reflejada y comprendida por los estudiantes en las clases de bádminton. Consideramos que se lograron los objetivos propuestos en la secuencia didáctica, considerando que las relaciones de género se potenciaron a través de experiencias y reflexiones.

Multimodal quantitative magnetic resonance imaging analysis with individualized postprocessing in patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy and conventional visual inspection negative for epileptogenic lesions

OBJECTIVES: Approximately one-third of candidates for epilepsy surgery have no visible abnormalities on conventional magnetic resonance imaging. This is extremely discouraging, as these patients have a less favorable prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the utility of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in patients with drug-resistant neocortical focal epilepsy and negative imaging. METHODS: A prospective study including 46 patients evaluated through individualized postprocessing of five quantitative measures: cortical thickness, white and gray matter junction signal, relaxation rate, magnetization transfer ratio, and mean diffusivity. Scalp video-electroencephalography was used to suggest the epileptogenic zone. A volumetric fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence was performed to aid visual inspection. A critical assessment of follow-up was also conducted throughout the study. RESULTS: In the subgroup classified as having an epileptogenic zone, individualized postprocessing detected abnormalities within the region of electroclinical origin in 9.7% to 31.0% of patients. Abnormalities outside the epileptogenic zone were more frequent, up to 51.7%. In five patients initially included with negative imaging, an epileptogenic structural abnormality was identified when a new visual magnetic resonance imaging inspection was guided by information gleaned from postprocessing. In three patients, epileptogenic lesions were detected after visual evaluation with volumetric fluid-attenuated sequence guided by video electroencephalography. CONCLUSION: Although quantitative magnetic resonance imaging analyses may suggest hidden structural lesions, caution is warranted because of the apparent low specificity of these findings for the epileptogenic zone. Conversely, these methods can be used to prevent visible lesions from being ignored, even in referral centers. In parallel, we need to highlight the positive contribution of the volumetric fluid-attenuated sequence.

Biological characteristics of black armyworm Spodoptera cosmioides on genetically modified soybean and corn crops that express insecticide Cry proteins

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the development and reproduction of the black armyworm, Spodoptera cosmioides when larvae fed on leaves of Bt-corn hybrids, expressing a single Cry1F and also Cry1F, Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2 in pyramided corn and their non-Bt-isoline (hybrid 2B688), as well as on leaves of two soybean isolines expressing the Cry1Ac protein and its non-Bt isoline (A5547-227). We also assessed the effect of these Bt and non-Bt plants on the leaf consumption rate of S. cosmioides larvae. This pest was unable to develop when fed on any of the corn isolines (Bt and non-Bt). When both 1st and 3rd instar larvae were fed on corn leaf, mortality was 100% in both Bt and non-Bt corn. In contrast, when corn leaves were offered to 5th instar larvae, there were survivors. Defoliation and leaf consumption was higher with non-Bt corn than with both of the Bt corn isolines. There was no negative effect of Bt soybean leaves on the development and reproduction of S. cosmioides with respect to all evaluated parameters. Our study indicates that both Bt and non-Bt corn adversely affect the development of S. cosmioides while Bt soybean did not affect its biology, suggesting that this lepidopteran has major potential to become an important pest in Bt soybean crops.

Comportamento ingestivo de vacas alimentadas com torta de macaúba / Ingestive behavior of dairy cows fed with macauba meal

Avaliaram-se os efeitos de diferentes níveis de inclusão (0, 100, 200 e 300g kg-1 de MS) de torta de macaúba (TM) na produção leiteira e no comportamento ingestivo de oito vacas Holandesas, em dois quadrados latinos 4x4, sendo quatro tratamentos e quatro períodos experimentais. O comportamento ingestivo foi determinado mediante observações visuais, ocorridas durante 24 horas, a intervalos de 5 minutos, para determinação do tempo despendido em alimentação, ruminação e ócio. Embora tenha ocorrido redução quadrática no consumo de matéria seca e na produção de leite com a inclusão de TM nas dietas, a eficiência alimentar (gMS h-1 e gFDN h-1) e a eficiência de ruminação (gMS h-1 e gFDN h-1) foram semelhantes em todos os tratamentos. O tempo total de mastigações (min dia-1), o número de bolos ruminados (n° dia-1), o número de mastigações merícicas (n° dia-1 e n° bolo-1) e o tempo de mastigações merícicas por bolo (seg bolo-1) não apresentaram diferenças. Os resultados permitem concluir que a inclusão da torta de TM na dieta de vacas leiteiras não influencia no comportamento ingestivo dos animais, entretanto, compromete o seu desempenho.

The effects of the macauba meal (MM) inclusion (0, 100, 200 and 300g kg-1 of DM) upon daily milk production and ingestive behavior parameters were evaluated in eight Holstein cows. Animals were randomly allocated to treatments according to a replicated latin square design, with four treatments and four experimental periods. The ingestive behavior was determined by observation, during 24 hours with 5 minutes intervals to determine the time spent in feeding, rumination and idleness. There was a quadratic decrease in dry matter intake and daily milk production with MM inclusion. However, no effects were detected in MM inclusion on the feeding efficiency (gDM h-1 and gNDF h-1) and rumination efficiency (gDM h-1 and gNDF h-1). The total chewing time (min day-1), the number of ruminated (boli day-1), the ruminating chews (n. day-1 and n. boli-1) and the time of ruminating chews boli (sec boli-1) did not show any difference. The MM inclusion in the diet did not influence the ingestive behavior, but reduces the performance of animals.

Tratamiento quirurgico de la enfermedad de Kienbock por escision del semilunar, elongacion del hueso grande y fijacion con tornillo de Herbert / Kienbockïs disease: surgical treatment by lunate excision, capitate lengthening and fixation with Herbert screw

Los autores analizan el resultado del tratamiento en 8 pacientes con necrosis aseptica del semilunar por escision de este hueso, elongacion del hueso grande y fijacion del tornillo de Herbert. La media del seguimiento fue de 33 meses (rango, de 3 a 63 meses). Luego de este periodo, se evaluo el grado de movilidad de la muñeca y se realizo un analisis radiologico y una evaluacion subjetiva del dolor y el retorno a las actividades laborales. Los resultados preliminares fueron buenos y solo un paciente necesito adaptarse a otra actividad profesional

Hidroquímica da Amazônia Central III. Química da água de lavagem da floresta no ecossistema Campina Amazônica (Stemflow)

Summary During the period of June 1974 to May of 1975, three floristics groups were studied in the Biological Reserve of Campina at BR-174 road. The principle task of the research was to quantify the input of nutrient ions and organic materials, for use by macro and micro populations as sources of energy and food, by rain from the forest canopy (stem-flow). The results (montly average) showed litlle differences in the concentrations of total-P. and nitrate-nitrogen, while ammonia nitrogen, organic nitrogen and magnesium, showed different quantities of leaching in each of the three floristic groups. The total nitrogen compounds, the most easily leached, were followed in decreasing order by calcium, magnesium and phosphorus for all system, except for Campina where magnesium ions showed greater concentrations than calcium. Total organic materials always had the greatest quantities of leaching. Seasonal variations in leaching of the nutrient ions and organic materials from the forest to soil are closely related to the duration, intensity and distribution of rain in the study site.

Resumo No periodo de junho de 1974 a maio de 1975, foi estudada, através de análises químicas, a água de lavagem da floresta em três agrupamentos florísticos na Reserva Biológica de Campina. Esta abordagem procurou quantificar a entrada de íons e compostos orgânicos nutritivos usados por macro e micropopulações como fonte de energia e alimento, lixiviados através das precipitações do dossel da floresta. Os resultados das determinações químicas e físico-químicas (médias mensais) mostraram que nos três agrupamentos existem pequenas diferenças individuais nas quantidades carreadas de P-total N-NO-3 e Ca2+, enquanto que N-NH2+4, N-Orgânico, N-total e Mg2* apresentaram diferenças quantitativas apreciáveis. Entretanto as maiores quantidades lixiviadas foram de material orgânico. Os compostos nitrogenados mostraram ser mais facilmente carreados, seguidos em ordem decrescente do cálcio, magnésio e fósforo total em todo o sistema, exceção feita à campina onde a concentração de magnésio superou a do cálcio. As variações sazonais observadas com a liberação e transporte de nutrientes do dossel da floresta para o solo, estão intimamente ligadas à duração, à intensidade e à distribuição da precipitação pluvial, na área estudada.