The effect of histamine on the production of interferongamma and interleukin-12 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with atopic dermatitis / 천식및알레르기

No abstract available.

A Case of Progressive Zosteriform Macular Pigmented Lesion / 대한피부과학회지

Progressive zosteriform macular pigmented lesion(PZMPL) is a chronic pigmentary dermatosis similar to progressive cribriform and zosteriform hyperpigmentation(PCZH). This dermatosis described by Simoes in 1980 is characterized by a uniformly tanned macular pigmented lesion in a zosteriform distribution preceded by multiple pruritic macular pigmentation in a part of the dermatome for a period. PZMPL is not a fully understood disease entity but it is thought to be a variant of PCZH. It is differentiated from PCZH by accompanying pruritus as a prodromal symptom, a characteristic clinical course, and histological findings such as pigmentary incontinence. We report herein a case of PZMPL in a 17 year-old girl with the pigmentary skin lesion extending from the left forearm to the left chest along the Blaschkos line. The histological findings revealed increased melanin pigments in the basal layer and focal pigmentary incontinence in the upper dermis. To our knowledge, this case is the first report of PZMPL in korea thought to be the same case reported by Simoes.

Three Cases of Generalized Lichen Planus / 대한피부과학회지

Lichen planus is a common, usually intensely pruritic papulosquamous dermatosis with unknown etiology, which may involve the skin, mucous membranes, hair follicles, and nails. Its lesions are usually a localized form but generalized ones are an unusual presentation of lichen planus. We report herein three cases of generalized lichen planus in one male and two female patients, which was diagnosed on clinical and histopathological examinations in all cases.

Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis of the Newborn Associated with Cardiomyopathy

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is an uncommon disorder characterized by firm b-cutaneous plaques and nodules usually appearing shortly after birth. It runs a relatively be, n course and may completely resolve in a few months without any recurrence. We report a case of subcutaneous fat necrosis in a 15 day-old male suffering from severe p inatal asphyxia and hypoxic cardiomyopathy, who presented with indurated subcutane s nodules and plaques on the both shoulders and the back. Histologically the subcutaneous fat showed focal necrosis with needle-shaped clefts, lymphohistiocytic infiltration and foreign body reactions consistent with subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn. In our patient, compromised cardiac output due to cardiomyopathy might have aggravated hypoxic condition and it could be speculated that cardiomyopathy-induced systemic hypoxia gave rise to hypothermia of the skin as a result of peripheral vasoconstriction. This report presents a causal relationship of cardiomyopathy and subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn.

D-Squame(R) Disc with Image Analysis in Measuring Skin Dryness Induced by Sodium Lauryl Sulfate / 대한피부과학회지

No abstract available.

The Effect of Solvents Polarity on the Skin Barrier in Hairless Mice / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: The stratom corneum lipids, responsible for the epidermal water bar rier, consist mainly of ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids. However, little has been studied about the effects of non-polar, polar and mixed organic solvents on the changes of the stratum corneum lipids bilayer. OBJECTIVE: We designed this study in order to investigate the effect of non-polar, polar and mixed organic solvents on the lipids bilayer in hairless mice. METHODS: Twenty four hairless mice were evenly divided into 4 groups; a control group, chloroform treated group, methanol treated group and mixed solvent(chloroform/methanol(2:1) ) treated gr oup. The changes in transepidermal water loss, as measured with an evaporimeter, were recorded after topical application of either chloroform, methanol or mixed solvents at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours respectiveh. For electron microscopy, the skin samples taken from the mice of ea.:h group were t.rented with osmium tetroxide and ruthenium tetroxide after the treatment with each solvent. RESULTS: The results were as follows ; 1. From 0 to 24 hours after treatment with each solvent transepidermal water loss was significantly increased in the chloroform and the mixed solvent[chloroform/methanol(2:1)] treated groups, compared to the methanol treated group and control group(P<0.001). 2. 48 hours after treatment with each solvent, the differences in the values of transepidermal water loss in all groups were insignificant. 3. On electronmicroscopic examination, separation of intercellular lipid bilayers and a decrease in the numher of lamellar bodies were more severe in the chloroform treated and mixed solvent (chloroform/methanol(2:1)] treated groups than in the methanol treated group. Application of non-polar organic solvents, especially mixed solvents[chloroform/methanol(2:1)] resulted in an increase in transepidermal water loss and greater structural changes than with polar organic solvents. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that non-polar lipids may play a more important role in the protection of water vaporization of the stratum corneum lipids barrier than polar lipids.

A comparison study of Pharmacia CAP system, fluoroallergosorbent test and radioimmunoassay for serum lgE and eosinophil cationic protein measurement / 알레르기

Results from two in vitro assays, Pharmacia CAP system(CAP) and fluoroallergosorbent test(FAST), for detecting serum specific IgE to three allergens, mugwort, Derraatophagoides pteronyssinus, and eat epithelium, were compared with skin prick test(SPT) results in 53 atopie dermatitis patients with positive SPT and 25 non-atopic controls. Using SPT results as the reference standards, CAP achieved higher sensitivity than FAST in determination of three allergens. CAP for measuring total IgE and eosinophil cationic protein(ECP) was also compared with FAST and ECP radioimmunoassay(RIA), respectively. In comparison of two assays for total serum IgE, the values obtained with CAP were significantly higher than those with FAST. In comparison of CAP and RIA for measuring ECP, the values obrained with CAP were significantly higher than those with RIA and the differences between ECP values of two assays were significant in high ECP group(>8.3 micro gram/1). These results suggest that CAP is the preferred test and seems to be more appropriate method for detection of specific IgE and ECP in patients with allergic digeases.

The Frequency of Irritant and Lost Reactions in the Standard Patch Test / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: The patcl test is widely used for diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis. However, it is sometimes difficiilt or even impossihle to differentiate between allergic and irritant reactions in patch test readings. The achievernent of valid results from the patch test require intelligent and careful patch testing and physirians with skills and experiences. OBJECTIVE: The purpos of this study was to assess the frequency, age and sex distr ibution, and the seasonal variatioii of irritant. and lost reactions in standard patch tests. METHODS: Patch test records of day 2 and day 4 were reviewed and analysed. Frequency of inritant and lost reactions were analysed by allergen, age, sex and season. RESULTS: A total 212 c ses of standard patch test records(male 69, female 143) were analysed. The results were as follovs ; 1. The over all frequency of lost reactions in the standard patch test were 33.5 percents and that of irritant reactions were 8.0 percents. 2. The frequency of lost reactions was lower in the age groups under twenty(7.7%) than in the older age groups(35.5%). However, there was no significant difference between the age groups over the third dec ide. 3. The seasonal variation was evident in lost reactions. The order of frequency was summer(45.0% ), winter(33.7% ), spring and fall(2l.1% ). 4. The order of frequency of lost reactions in the stclndard patch allergen was captan(5.7%), potassium dichromate(5.2%), cobalt chloride(4.7%), mercury amrnoniurn chloride(3.8%) c3lld wool alcohol(3.8%). CONCLUSION: Our result, show a relatively high frequency of lost and irritant. reaction in the standird patch test, and uggest second readings in the patch test would he of value.

A Case of Solitary Fibrofolliculoma

Fibrofolliculoma is a benign follicular neoplasm which usually occurs in multiple and rarely solitarily. We have found only seven cases of previous reports of solitary fibrofolliculomas worldwide and only two in Korean literature. Herein we report on a 40-year-old female patient with a solitary flesh-colored bean sized mass on the scalp which histopathologically proved to be a fibrofolliculoma.

Pyoderma Gangrenosum Associated with Idiopathic Myelofibrosis / 대한피부과학회지

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare, recurrent, painful and ulcerative skin disorder of unknown etiology, but is commonly associated with a variety of underlying systemic diseases of ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, monoclonal gammopathies, Crohns disease, chronic active hepatitis and some hematologic diseases such as leukemia, thrombocythemia, dysglobulinemia and myeloma. We describe a 50 year-old woman who had pyoderma gangrenosum associated with idiopathic myelofibrosis. The findings of a bone marrow biopsy revealed proliferation of fibroblasts and a dense reticulin network, which were consistent with myelofibrosis. Steroid therapy resulted in a good response temporarily but, she died within a year after diagnosis. To our knowledge, our present case associated with idiopathic myelofibrosis is the first reported case in the Korean literature.

Immunohistochemical Study of Expression of Acid Stable Trypsin Inhibitor ( ASTI ) in Premalignant and Malignant Skin Tumors / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Recently, much attention has been focused on the role of protease inhibitors such as acid stable trypsin inhibitor (ASTI) in the invasive growth of malignant tumors. However, there are no report on expression of ASTI from premalignant and/or malignant skin tumors. OBJECTIVES: In the present study the expression of ASTI was investigated in the different type of premalignant and/or, malignant skin tumors in attempt to clarify the relation between the expression of the ASTI and malignancy. METHODS: For the detection of ASTI in the tumor tissue, the immunoperoxidase techniques that used mouse antibody raised against highly purified ASTI. The degree of ASTI immunoreactivity was semiquantitatively assessed for staining intensity as the percentage of ASTI-positive cells. RESULTS: ASTI immunoreactivity was detected in most of the premalignant and malignant skin tissues. Especially, ASTI expression was present widespread in squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) with strong cytoplasmic membrane, where as in normal epidermis they were primarily present in the horny layer. The strong staining was the SCC, keratoacanthoma, Bowen's disease, actinic keratosis, basal cell epithelioma, Paget's disease in decreasing order. The significant difference in the staining intensity was observed between SCC and other groups. CONCLUSION: Results of immunohistochemical studies suggest that the tumor cells themselves could produce ASTI. Considering the suggestion that ASTI is a self protector, inhibitor to proteolytic protease as well as growth-stimulating factor. The present findings may indicate that ASTI expressed in malignant cells may play a role possibly closely associated with tumor development.

A Case of Herpes Gestationis / 대한피부과학회지

Herpes gestationis(HG) characterized by the development of autoantibodies to the basement membrane is a pruritic bullous dermatosis of pregnancy and the postpartum period. HG is diag nosed on the basis of clinical findings, and a direct or indirect immunofluorescent test including an assaying for the denmonstration of IgG autoantibody in the serum. We report a case of herpes gestationis in Korea which showed a typical clinical and histopathologic findings accuring in a 30-year old primiparous patient. We could confirm the diagnosis in this case by in vitro C3 staining, and immunoblot analysis which revealed the presence of antibodies in her sertim against 180kD antigen of epidermal protein.

A Case of AtypicalLichen Nitidus / 대한피부과학회지

Lichen nitidus, characterized by its typical clinical and histopathologic findings, is an uncomrnon chronic dermatosis of unknowned etiology. The distribution of this disease is most often localized, but in some cases it may becorne generalized. Some authors suggested that lichen nitidus is a variant of lichen planus in terms of its coincidence, ultrastructural and immunophenot,ypic studies. We report herein a case of lichen nitidus which presents dark brown linear, grouped, or confluent papules on the face, cheat, and upper extremities, accompanying with the histopathologic findings of pigmentary incontirence in the portion of claw clutching a ball appearance. This report suggests that lichen nitidus shows hyperpigmentation clinically and could be one of the dermatoses which exhibit pigmentavy incontinence in a histopathologic study.

Four Cases of Eccrine Spiradenoma / 대한피부과학회지

Eccrine spiradenoma is a txnign, painful tumor of the skin, which probably originates in the coil of the eccrine sweat glands and presents a characteristic clinical and pa.hological picture. However recently, the weakness and inconsistency of the enzymes histochemican, actions and electron microscopic findings, and the presence of numerous undifferentiated and indetirn, inate cells suggest a rather low degree of differentiation. We present herein four cases of eccrine spiradenoma which show livrse histopat.hologic characteristics including typical rosette-like structure, ductal structure, vacuar structure and mixed type, respectively. This report may support the premise that eccrine spiridinoma is defived not only from the eccrine duct but also from pluripotential stem cells.

The Effect of Ultraviolet B Irradiation on the Skin Barrier Function in Hairless Mice / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Stratum corneum lipids serve as a water retainer as well as permeability barrier by forming a multi-lamellae structure in the stratum corneum. The major constituent of these lipids, ceramides, have been shown to be predominantly associated with both functions. OBJECTIVE: Exposure of human epidermis to ultraviolet(UV) irradiation leads to changes in the physiologic and biochemical features of the skin. In order to investigate the effect of UVB irradiation on the skin barrier function in hairless mice, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and lipid composition of stratum corneum were evaluated in hairless mice. METHODS: Hairless mice were irradiated 3 times weekly for 3 weeks with suberythemal dose (0.6MED, Group I) and minimal erythemal dose(MED), Group II) of UB. The mice of Group III received high dose of UVB(3MED) on the back in a single exposure. The control was Group IV. TEWL measured by evaporimeter and lipid composition of stratum corneum appraised by high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) were evaluated weekly for 3 weeks. RESULTS: 1. Each time it was measured, the values of TEWL in group I were lower than group IV, but the difference was not significant. The peak value of TEWL in group II was 8.2+/-1.56 g/cm/h on the 7th day. The increase in TEWL was markedly significant at this point(P<0.001). Although the values of TEWL on the 14th and 21th day in group E increased compared with those of the control group, the significance of the values decreased (P<0.05). 2. The peak value of TEWL in group III was 9.88+/-1.13 g/cm/h on the 2nd day, showed a markedly significant increase compared with that of the control group(P<0.001). The values of TEWL decreased to the level of the control group on the 14th day. 3. The lipid(cholesterol sulfate, ceramide and neutral lipid) and total lipid mass in group 1 were insignificantly larger than that of the group IV measured each time. On the 7th and 14th day, the amount of each three lipid and total lipid mass significantly increased (P<0.05). On the 21th day, the amount of ceramide and neutral lipid showed a significant increase(P<0.05), furthermore the total lipid mass increased pronouncedly(P<0.01) in group II. 4. The amount of the 3 kinds of lipid and total lipid mass in group III significantly increased compared with those of the control group on the 2nd day(P<0.05). After the 7th day, no significant difference of the lipid mass except neutral lipid compared with that of the control group was seen. Comparing the 2nd and 14th day, there was a significant decrease in the amount of ceramide and total lipid mass(P<0.05) CONCLUSION: These results results suggest that considerable amount of UVB irradiation given in single or repeated exposure causes the disruption of skin barrier function, but a compensatory increase of skin lipid, especially ceramide, protests it from further damage and also improves skin barrier function.

Systematized Epidermal Nevi Associated with Congenital Alopecia Universalis and Onychodystrophy

We report a case of a 25-year-old woman with systematized epidermal nevi associated with alopecia universalis and onychodystrophy. The histopathologic examinations by light and electron microscopies of the epidermis of the trunk and scalp lesions showed epidermal nevus with characteristic features of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. This is a rare case of systematized epidermal nevi associated with congenital alopecia universalis and onychodystrophy. Though there is no apparent gross skin lesion on the hair bearing area, the development of epidermal nevi can affect the hair and nail units which are derived from the common epidermal germinative cells.

A Case of Eruptive Vellus Hair Cyst Associated with Steatocystoma multiplex / 대한피부과학회지

Eruptive vellus hair cysts and steatocystoma multiplex have clinical similarities in terms of age of onset, location and appeararice of the lesions, but histopathologic feitures are distinctively differen-tiated. We present herein a 37-year-old woman with eruptive vellus hair cyst and steatocystoma multiplex as well. The histopathologic sections from 2 different lesions showed features of both eruptive vellus hair cyst with sebaceous gland in and near the cyst wall, and steatocy toma multiplex with rudimentary hair follicle near the cyst wall. This case may support the premie that eruptive vellus hair cyst and steatocystoma multiplex have a common developmental origin.

A case of erythema multiforme due to contact of paraquat(gramoxone) / 대한피부과학회지

Paraquat is the most important bipyridyl herbicide, acting as a norselective herbicide with somewhat unique properties. The major acute local cutaneous side effects reslt from the caustic properties of paraquat, which produce local ulceration of the epithelial surface. Blistering of the skin and cracking and even loss of the fingernails have been reported. Its systemic taxic ties also include pulmonary fibrosis, cardiac failure, renal failure, and hepatotoxicity. We report a case of erytlema multiforme with transient heat-toxicity due to percutanious absorption of paraquat. A 31-year-old farmer was admitted to our de artment because of target-like bullous erythema on both thighs and buttocks following accidenta contact with paraquat. The histopathologic findings show d spongiesis, exocytosis, intercellular dema in the epidermis, degeneration of dermo-epidermal junction and inflammatory cell infiltrations in the dermis especially papillary and perivascular area.