Corelationship Between Anthropometric Measurments, E.C.G. And 2-D Echo-Doppler In Obese Patients With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

To select 100 cases of diabetes mellitus type 2 with obesity and record various anthropometric measurements, relevant investigations and to find out whether there is any significant co-relationship between anthropometric measurements, ECG and 2D ECHO-DOPLLER abnormalities. Methods. In all selected cases detailed clinical workup was done. Various anthropometric measurements were taken and relevant investigations done. Cases were instructed to empty their bladder prior to anthropomorphic measurements. Results 12 male cases out of 30 showed ECG changes suggestive of myocardial infarction. In female cases, 22 out of 70 cases studied had ECG suggestive of MI; the differences of number of obese DM type 2 cases was possibly due to random selection 5 female cases with WHR <0.81 had ECG criteria suggestive of myocardial infarction.(6%) female case with WHR 0.81-0.85 had ECG suggestive of myocardial infarction. (34%) female cases with WHR>0.85(N=46) had ECG criteria (QS complex, ST elevation, ST depression T inversion in II.III,AVF ,T inversion in lead I,AVL, V5-V6)suggestive of myocardial infarction.(30%) female cases showed low voltage QRS complex. There was slight decrease in percentage of normal ECG with increases in WHR Conclusion: In obese DM type 2 female cases: there was significant correlationship between the different grade of WHR and LV dysfunction (systolic/diastolic or combined).In obese DM type 2 male cases: although there were abnormalities in ECG and 2D-ECHO DOPPLER study but statistically these were insignificant when correlated with BMI and WHR.

Bioremediation of Industrial Effluent using Cyanobacterial Species: Phormidium mucicola and Anabaena aequalis

Different Industries discharge effluent in different water bodies, which is the only reason of pollution. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the biodegradation and biosorption capacity of some potential cyanobacterial species; Phormidium mucicola and Anabaena aequalis in Textile and Pharmaceutical industries, Mandideep, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India. Industrial effluents are contaminated with heavy metal. The effluents were subjected to biological treatment using axenic cyanobacterial strains as batch system for 7 days. Removal efficiencies of the different contaminants were evaluated and compared. Results confirmed the high efficiencies of the investigated species for the removal of the target contaminants which were species and contaminant-dependent. BOD and COD recorded 91.18 and 82.54% as maximum removal efficiencies achieved by Anabaena aequalis. The highest removal efficiencies of the total suspended solids recorded 53.23% achieved by Phormidium mucicola, while 41.61% was recorded as the highest TDS. Concerning the contaminant metals, Phormidium mucicola showed the highest biosorption capacity where 86.12 and 94.63% removal efficiencies were achieved for Zn and Cu, respectively. In conclusion, results of the study confirmed the advantageous potential of using the tested cyanobacterial species for the bioremediation of industrial effluent and clearly showed the quality improvement of the discharged effluent which in turn will eliminate or at least minimize the expected deterioration of the receiving environment.

Studies on Cyanobacterial Biodiversity in Paper Mill and Pharmaceutical Industrial Effluents.

A thorough knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of an industrial waste is a crucial requirement for any attempt at chemical and/or biological treatment of the waste. Hence the present study was aimed to assess the physicochemical characteristics and cyanobacterial study on different industrial effluents. In the present study, effluents from two different places, paper mill and pharmaceutical industries, were selected to determine the cyanobacterial biodiversity. It was revealed that the physicochemical characteristics of both effluents studied were more or less similar. Total 25 species of cyanobacteria were found to be distributed in two different effluents in which twenty two were found in paper mill and fourteen were in pharmaceutical industries. Some of the species of cyanobacteria like Microcystis aeruginosa, Oscillatoria curviceps, O. princeps, Phormidium ambiguum, P. corium and few more were recorded in both the effluent analyzed. The dominant genus was recorded to be Oscillatoria and among themselves its six species were recorded. The abundance of cyanobacteria in these effluents was due to favorable contents of organic matter, rich calcium and nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates with less dissolved oxygen. Therefore, it can clearly stated that physicochemical characters together with biological monitoring of industrial effluents provided converging lines of evidences for evaluation of polluted habitats in this case as in some other studies reported by many researcher. This type of study would be valuable for future pollution abatement programmes.