[Study of sport trauma in men's sport leagues of Kashan during 2008-9]

Athletes participating in sport competitions are faced with the risk of trauma. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of trauma injuries in men's sport leagues of Kashan during 2008-9. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, all injuries during sport league competitions were recorded by attending the sport arenas during 2008-9. A total of 160 trauma cases were recorded during 146 events. The highest number of trauma was observed in handball and taekwondo competitions with 45 [25.6%] and 35 [21.9%] cases, respectively. Athletes involved in sport leagues require appropriate training and adequate protection through the use of protective devices to avoid injuries

[Intra-abdominal aortic injury during lumbar disc surgery, a case report]

Intra-abdominal great vessel injury is a rare complication of lumbar intervertebral disc operations. However it may be underestimated for its unpredictable clinical manifestations. Delay in proper diagnosis and appropriate management of the sequellae often results in death of the patient. A 30-year-old man with aortic injury during L4/L5 posterior discectomy is presented and its management discussed. Attention of the surgical team and rapid intervention is the key factor in treatment, prevention of severe complications and even death

Factors influencing probation in graduated students of kashan faculty of nursing and midwifery

One of the major problems in educational systems is students' probation during their course of study. With regard to the importance of identifying factors affecting the incidence of probation, this study was performed to determine the status of incidence of probation and its related factors in all graduated students of Kashan Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery. All graduated students of Kashan Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery [n=1174] during the years 1981 till 2003 were selected through census in this cross-sectional study. The data was gathered by a questionnaire including demographic information and probation status [probation records, probation semester, and the number of probation semesters]. Incidence of probation was calculated and odds ratio and difference percentage were used for analyzing the status of probable related factors. Probation record was argued in 46 students [3.9%] that 26 of them [2.2%] were probated just for one semester, 11 of them [0.9%] for two semesters, 8 of them [0.7%] for three semesters, and, 1 of them [0.1%] for four semesters. The utmost frequency was related to the second academic semester and then, the first semester. The average score of high school diploma and age were different in probated and not probated graduated students. The most expectancy of probation risk was related to master program and nursing discipline. Demographic features, educational background, and admission criteria are among factors affecting probation. Therefore, with regard to their role, it is necessary to identify at risk students and support them

Preemptive effects of Lidocain on postoperative pain in patients undergoing disc operation: a Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial

Postoperative pain is a major poorly managed problem in millions of operations performed all over the world each year. Since infiltration of the operative field with lidocain as a local anesthetic is very cheap, it is easily available, and there are few side effects, this study aimed to evaluate its efficacy on post-op-pain of patients undergoing open intervertebral disc surgery. In this double blind clinical trial on 188 patients undergoing elective open intervertebral disc operation, the surgical incision site was infiltrated with 2 ml of 1/500,000 epinephrine for each centimeter in the control group and the same solution with 20 mg lidocain for each centimeter of the incision in the case group. Post-oppain was measured with visual analog scale [VAS] in the 6[th], 12[th], 24[th], and 48[th] hours. The mean age was 41.8 +/- 12.4 for the study group, and 43.5 +/- 15.6 for the control one. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in pain severity in females, but for males it was significant at the 6th and 24th hours. Interestingly, it was more severe in those receiving lidocain. The amount of narcotics used postoperatively revealed no significant difference in the groups. Lidocain used locally before skin incision has no effect on reducing post-op-pain, post-op-narcotics demand, and duration of hospital stay

Do infants using baby walkers suffer developmental delays in acquisition of motor skills?

Development is a complex process, completed over a specific period of time, through the maturation of the nervous system. It is affected by genetic, ethnic, nutritional, social, and economic factors; one of the environmental factors affecting the acquisition of motor skills in infants is the use of baby walkers. Since this device is very commonly used for infants in our country, we conducted this study to evaluate its effects on the acquisition of motor skills in this age group of children. This longitudinal study was conducted in 2005 on 300 infants referring to the Primary Health Care Centers of Kashan district in 1384; the infants were divided into two groups of 150 babies each, with the case group using baby walkers, while the other 150, the controls, did not. All babies were followed for two years, and the ages for acquisition of motor skills were documented during face-to face or telephone interviews with the parents. Data were analyzed using the T-test and the Chi Square test. Of the study population, 175 babies [58.33%] were male. The mean age of acquisition of motor skills including rolling, crawling, moving on hands and feet, sitting without and with help, standing and walking dependently and independently were found to be delayed in infants using baby walkers, a difference between the two groups of walker users and non- walker users that was statistically significant [P<0.001]. Considering the adverse effects that walkers have on the acquisition of motor skills in infants, as demonstrated by the results of this study, we do not recommend the use of baby walkers in infants

Comparison of metronidazole and furazolidone against giardia lamblia in children

This study was conducted on children infected by Giardia lamblia to evaluate the effectiveness and side effects of Metronidazole and Furazolidone drugs in Kashan. One hundred twenty two individuals infected with Giardia lamblia were assigned in 2 groups. They were 5-12 years old. Patients were surveyed four weeks following the therapy with Metronidazole and Furazolidone. Results were compared using chi-square method. Of 122 infected patients, 68.8% were urban residents, 43.4% were females and 56.6% were males. Abdominal pain was the most common clinical symptoms [84.2%]. Four weeks after the therapy, the efficacy of metronidazole and furazolidone were 87 and 81.6%, respectively. Malaise [12.9%] and dark urine [25%] was the most frequents side effects of metronidazole and furazolidone, respectively. With respect to the efficacy of antiparasite drugs in the treatment of giardiasis, further studies in different parts of the country are highly recommended

[ epidemiologic study on spinal injuries in Kashan]

Introduction: spinal canal and spinal cord injuries are one of the most common causes of death and disabilities in trauma victims. Since treatment and long term care for these patients causes a major economic burden on the society and there isn't adequate data in this regard in our country

Objective: this study was carried out in Naghavi University Hospital, Kashan, from December 1995 to December 1999 to determine the incidence of these injuries

Materials and Methods: this descriptive study included all admitted trauma victims. Age, sex, cause of trauma, site of fracture, kind of fracture, and neurological status of the patients were recorded. All of patients were studied by x- ray and CT scan. Findings were statistically analyzed

Results: during the study period, 225 cases were included. Age of the patients was 39+/-18 and the age range was from 6 to 82. 177[78.5%] were males and 48 [21.5 %] females [male to female ratio was 3.7 to 1]. The most common age range in terms of injuries was in age group of 20-50[60.4%]. Burst fracture was the most common type of injury and was seen in 102 cases [43 %]. The most common cause of injury was falling down which was seen in 128 cases [56.9 %] In 39 cases [17.3 %], spinal cord injury was seen

Conclusion: incidences of spinal fractures and spinal cord injury are similar to those reported in the literature, but the mechanism of trauma and kind of fracture, falling down and burst fracture respectively, are different from most of references and this needs further etiologic study