RESUMO
Rosemary [Rosmarinus officinalis L.] as a member of the Lamiaceae family is a valuable aromatic and medicinal plant which is cultivated in large scale in Iran. Therefore, it is necessary to determine influence of factors affecting plant growth and drug metabolite production. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of bio-stimulators compounds on growth and phytochemical traits of rosemary [Rosmarinus officinalis L.]. This experiment was conducted on the basis of randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Medicinal Plants Institute [MPI] of ACECR in 2013. The treatments included commercial formulations of aminolforte, kadostim, fosnutren, humiforte [each of them at 0.75 and 1.5 L.ha], 120 kg.ha chemical fertilizers [N.P.K, 15:8:15%], and control treatment [without any bio-stimulators and chemical fertilizer applications]. The effects of treatments were significant [p<0.01] on all of the traits in a way that the maximum value of plant height [42.94 cm], leaf length [34.92 mm], leaf width [4.2 mm], number of leaves per plant [465 leaves.plant'], leaf SPAD value [56.1 SPAD], total dry weight [246.78 kg.ha] essential oil [1.4%], a-pinene [27.35%], was obtained by foliar application of 1.5 L.ha[-1] fosnutren. Also, the highest of collar diameter of stem [[10.77 mm] and number of branches per plant [24.63 branches.plant[-1]] and camphor [9.87%] was observed in chemical fertilizers treatment, 1.5 L.ha aminolforte and humiforte, respectively. In contrast, the least amounts of traits were observed in control treatment. The growth and phytochemical traits of rosemary increased due to foliar application of bio-stimulators compounds
RESUMO
In order to sustainable agriculture, applications of bio-fertilizers are as a gradual alternative to chemical fertilizers or at least to minimize the levels of these chemical. To determine the effects of some bio-fertilizers and urea fertilizers on agronomical and pharmaceutical yield of Peppermint. Methods: This study was done in a randomized complete block design [RCBD] with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments were control [no applying fertilizer], three different bio-fertilizers [4 and amp; 8 kg.ha[-1] for each one], and chemical urea fertilizer 75 and 100 kg.ha[-1]. The result showed that fertilizer treatments had significant effects on plant height, stem fresh and dry weight of per ha, dry weight of leaf per ha, menthone content [p<0.05], leaf number per stem, fresh and dry weight of leaf per stem, essential oil yield per ha, and menthol content [p<0.01]. Generally the lowest qualitative and quantitative yield of peppermint was related to control treatment. However, the application of bio-fertilizers significantly increased the yield in respect of all studied parameters and the highest yield was observed in Nitroxin and urea treatment. So that, the amount of menthone and menthol of essential oil in bio-fertilizer of Nitroxin [8 kg.ha[-1]] had not significant statistical difference with urea fertilizer [75 kg.ha[-1]]. The application of the bio-fertilizers especially Nitroxin increased qualitative and quantitative yield of peppermint. Then, the application of bio-fertilizers can be used in order to an alternative or reduction in application of chemical fertilizers in agro-ecosystem which is attitude toward the minimize of environmental pollution and sustainable agriculture