Preliminary notes on the effect of praziquantel against hymenolepis nana and giardia lamblia

Praziquantel is the most recent anti-bilharzial drug being given orally. This study is an attempt to evaluate the effect of this drug against other parasitic infections, especially Hymenolepis nana and Giardia lamblia which are common among school children in Menia Governorate. For this purpose, sixty patients harboring these parasites were selected for this trial. Forty cases of them harbored Hymenolepis nana only, ten patients harbored Giardia lamblia only, while the third group [ten patients] harbored both infection. Three schedules were applied in this trial; 20 mg/kg bw as one dose, 40 m/kg bw divided into two doses with six hours interval and 40 mg/kg bw divided into three equal doses with six hours intervals. Follow up was carried out weekly for three months duration

Infrared laser versus ultrasonic in treatment of painful shoulder

This study was carried out on 60 patients with shoulders painful at rest, and with limitation of all ranges of movement. The patients were divided into three well balanced groups. Each group comprised 20 patients. The first group was a "placebo one". The second and third groups treated with ultrasonic [U.S.] and infrared [I.R.] laser therapy respectively. The severity of the pain and the range of active shoulder joint movements in flexion, abduction, external and internal rotations were done prior to the treatment, three and six months after treatment. Results of this study revealed that the average percentage of shoulder pain improvement after three and six months of teatment in the four shoulder joint movements is better with the use of I.R. laser therapy than U.S. As for the range of shoulder joint movements, it was observed that there was a highly significant improvement in the I.R. Laser group after three and six months of treatment but only after six months in the U.S. group. These finding lead us to conclude that pain relief and maximum functional recovery of shoulder joints are better achieved in patients with painful shoulders who were under I.R. laser therapy than patients under U.S. therapy. It is suggested that the "frozen shoulder" - i.e. pain free shoulder with severe limitation of all movement - is the end result of a neglected painful shoulder and it is essential that painful shoulders be treated as early as possible if normal function is to be restored