Study of the pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis in Damietta chest diseases hospital and chest clinic over the period from 1997-2001

The pattern of pulmonary Tuberculosis in Damietta chest hospital and chest clinic in the period from 1997-2001 has been studied to give an idea about trends of tuberculosis in Damietta govenonate and about effectiveness of tuberculosis control program in Egypt and comparing these results with other obtained in other areas The data collected included:-I-Total number of subjects examined yearly 2-Total number of tuberculosis cases whether pulmonary or extrapulmonary and their percentage to total number examined .3-Age, and sex and occupation distribution among tuberculosis patients examined .4-Type of pulmonary tuberculosis ;primary, hematogenous, or bronchogenic 5-Grades of bronchogenic tubercolosis radiologically 6-Result of sputum examination either by direct smear or culture. 7-Type of extrapulmonary tuberculosis 8-X ray appearance of lesions 9-Defaulter number and theft percentage. 10-Fate of diseased patients. The study included 1102 cases diagnosed as pulmonary extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and pleural effusion. This cases classified into 792 cases pulmonary tuberculosis, 200 cases extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and 110 cases tuberculosis pleural effusion There were 277 cases in year 1997, 273 cases in year 1998, 214 cases in year 1999, 180 cases in year 2000, 158 cases in year 2001. The results are collected in tables 1-13 The average percentage of pulmonary TB in Damietta Chest Hospital was [71.74%] and extra-pulmonary TB percentage was [18.3%]-The percentage of bronchogenic pulmonary TB was [95%], while primary pulmonary TB was [4.9%]. Pleural effusion percentage was [9.9%]and military TB lesion was [0.1%] in Damietta Chest Hospital .The relapse rate in Damietta Chest Hospital was [6.2%] and treatment failure rate was [10%] while mortality rate was [3.6%]

Bronchobiliary fistula [thoracobilia]: Report of two cases

Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare condition, defined by the presence of a passage between the biliary tract and the bronchial tree. Many conditions can give rise to the development of such a communication. Infection is the most common setting in which bronchobiliary fistulae occur [Amebic abscesses, echinococcic liver cysts and pyogenic liver abscesses]. Biliary tract obstruction secondary to various causes also has served as a common etiology. Congenital cases of bronchobiliary fistulae have been noted. The condition also usually seen as a complication of thoraco-abdominal trauma. Adult patients with bronchobiliary fistulae present with one of two clinical syndromes: either acute fulminating bronchiolitis or chronic intermittent episodes of expectoration of bile-stained sputum [billoptysis] which is a pathognomonic feature of bronchobiliary fistula. Diagnosis is confirmed by means of either the percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, or 99m Tc-HIDA cholescintigraphy [HIDA scan]. Herein, we reported two cases, the first one due to transdiaphragmatic rupture of a hepatic echinococcal cyst and the second case detected after a right hepatic labectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma