Evaluation of serum microRNA-30e-5p expression in systemic lupus erythematosus and its association with clinical manifestations: A cross-sectional study / Evaluación de la expresión del microARN-30e-5p sérico en el lupus eritematoso sistémico y su asociación con las manifestaciones clínicas: un estudio transversal

ABSTRACT Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Accumulating evidence indicates that the miR-30 family takes part in the development of multiple tissues and organs, and is a potential contributor to various dis eases, including autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-30e-5p, a member of the miR-30 fam ily, and investigate its potential relationship to clinical characteristics and possible disease activity in an Egyptian SLE cohort. Methods: Serum samples from 40 SLE patients and 37 age and gender matched healthy sub jects were tested for miR-30e-5p expression level using the Taqman quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Analysis was performed using the 2 - AACT method. Results: The mean age of the patients was 28.7 ± 7.9 years, with a mean disease duration of 6.4 ±5.3 years. The median fold change in serum miR-30e-5p among our SLE cohort was significantly higher 1.748 (0.223-20.485) compared to the control group 0.877 (0.058-3.522) (P = 0.02). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that miR-30e-5p expres sion level can discriminate SLE patients from controls at a cut-off value >1.06 with the area under the curve (AUC) = 0.676 (95% CI: 0.559-0.794, P = 0.02), with 64.3% sensitivity and 61.5% specificity. There was no correlation between any of the demographic features, clinical manifestations (apart from serositis, P = 0.013) or disease activity and miR-30e-5p levels. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated elevated miR-30e-5p expression levels in serum sam ples of SLE patients. Apart from serositis, it was not associated with any other disease characteristics.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: Los microARN (miRNA) son ARN no codificantes que regulan la expresión de los genes después de la transcripción. Las pruebas acumuladas indican que la familia de miR-30 participa en el desarrollo de múltiples tejidos y órganos, y es un posible contribuyente a diversas enfermedades, incluidos los trastornos autoinmunes como el lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES). El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la expresión del miR-30e-5p, un miembro de la familia miR-30, e investigar su posible relación con las características clínicas y la posible actividad de la enfermedad en una cohorte egipcia de LES. Métodos: Se analizaron muestras de suero de 40 pacientes con LES y 37 sujetos sanos de edad y sexo similares para determinar el nivel de expresión de miR-30e-5p, utilizando la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa de transcripción inversa cuantitativa Taqman. El análisis se llevó a cabo empleando el método 2-AACT. Los resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 28,7 ± 7,9 años, mientras que la duración media de la enfermedad fue de 6,4 ± 5,3 años. La mediana del cambio de pliegue del suero miR-30e-5p entre nuestra cohorte de LES fue significativamente mayor, 1,748 (0,223-20,485), en comparación con el grupo de control, 0,877 (0,058-3,522) (p = 0,02). El análisis de la curva característica de funcionamiento del receptor reveló que el nivel de expresión del miR-30e-5p puede discriminar a los pacientes con LES de los controles en un valor de corte > 1,06, con el área bajo la curva (AUC) = 0,676 (IC del 95%: 0,559-0,794; p = 0,02), una sensibilidad del 64,3% y una especificidad del 61,5%. No hubo asociación entre ninguna de las características demográficas, manifestaciones clínicas (aparte de la serositis, p = 0,013) o actividad de la enfermedad y los niveles de miR-30e-5p. Conclusión: Nuestro estudio demostró niveles elevados de expresión de miR-30e-5p en mues tras de suero de pacientes con LES. Aparte de la serositis, no se asoció con ninguna otra característica de la enfermedad.

Vasculitis damage index in Behçet's disease

Abstract Background: Vasculitis damage index (VDI) is a validated damage index for systemic vasculitis, and as Behçet's disease is considered one of systemic vascular disease we aimed to study the relationship of the vasculitis damage index to clinical manifestations and comorbidity in patients with Behçet's disease (BD) to determine if VDI could be used to assess damage in patients with BD. Methods: A total of 109 patients with BD were recruited from the Rheumatology Department (outpatient and inpatient clinic), Cairo University Hospitals. All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, and routine laboratory investigations. Disease activity was assessed by the BD current activity form, and the VDI was calculated in all patients. The relationship of the VDI to the disease clinical manifestations was studied. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to estimate differences in quantitative variables. Spearman correlation test was used to test for correlation between quantitative variables. Results: In the current study, the VDI ranged from 1 to 10, with a mean of 3.5 ± 1.8. It was significantly associated with total thrombosis (P = 0.022); total neurological manifestations (P = 0.000), especially stroke and cranial nerve affection; uveitis (P = 0.005); avascular necrosis (AVN) (P = 0.015); osteoporosis (P = 0.01); impaired vision (P < 0.0001); cataract (P < 0.0001); and diabetes (P = 0.012). Generally, immunosuppressive treatment was significantly associated with VDI (P = 0.039), especially cyclophosphamide (P < 0.0001), biological agent (P = 0.008), chlorambucil (P = 0.003), and anticoagulant (P = 0.02). VDI was also significantly correlated with age (P = 0.033), disease duration (P = 0.029), and duration of eye involvement (P = 0.003). Conclusion: VDI is significantly associated with most disease parameters of BD, except for parameters such as mucocutaneous manifestations and uncomplicated venous thrombosis; however, further studies may be needed to establish BD-specific damage index.