In vitroMeasurement of Anticoagulant Effect of Acacia Nilotica Aqueous Extract on Normal Human Plasma

Aims:To determine the anticoagulant effect of Acacia Nilotica aqueous extract on normal human plasma.Study Design:This is an experimental study.Place and Duration of the Study:Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory sciences, Alzaiem Alazhari, Khartoum –Sudan, during the period from July –August 2021. Methodology:A total of 20 human blood samples were collected for this study from apparently healthy subjects following ethical considerations. Samples were collected in tri-sodium citrate and platelets poor plasma (PPP) were immediately prepared by centrifugation. Aqueous solution of Acacia nilotica was prepared with distilled water (D.W), three concentrations of the solution (50%, 75% and 100%) were prepared. Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were tested by manual method before and after adding different concentrations of Acacia Nilotica solution. Statistical tests were performed by using SPSS version 16. Results:The results of study showed that Acacia Nilotica significantly prolonged the PT and APTT results of human plasma (Pvalues for 50%, 75% and 100% solutions were 0.000, 0.000 and 0.000 while for APTT 0.036, 0.000 and 0.000 for PT respectively). Also the study showed no significant correlation between control and A. nilotica concentrations among coagulation profile, except a significant positive correlation between control and 75% Acacia nilotica on APPT.Conclusion:Acacia Nilotica solutions had anticoagulant effect in human plasma, and could be nominated as a potential preventive agent for thromboembolic diseases

Correlation of ultrasonographic estimated fetal weight with actual birth weight at a rural setting

Background: Ultrasound estimation of fetal weight in term pregnancies is used to determine fetal growth. The objective of this study was to assess the precision of sonographic estimation of fetal weight in normal vaginal deliveries at a rural setting.Methods: The study was cross-sectional. A group of 74 pregnant women delivered normally in Muglad hospital in West Kordofan, Sudan, were considered in the study. Fetal weight was estimated by Hadlock and shephards formulae within one week prior to delivery and then newborn weight was taken within 24 hours after delivery. Data were collected by a questionnaire and medical examination as well as sonographic examination. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 23 and Kruskal Wallis Test (post-hoc analysis) Pearson’s correlation coefficient within 95% confidence interval. p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The correlation, by Paired sample, to assess fetal weight was as follows: between Hadlock and shephards was 0.901 (p < 0.001), between Hadlock and AFW was 0.908 (p < 0.001) and between Shephards and AFW was 0.781 (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Estimation of fetal weight by Hadlock has been more correlated with actual fetal weight (AFW) than that done with shephards. The study recommends using Hadlock formula which is more accurate in estimation of fetal weight by sonography.

Cases of neuro-ferritinopathy from Sudan

Neuro-ferritnopathy (NBIA) is a bag of diseases due to abnormal iron metabolism. It has different underlying genetic and enzymatic abnormalities. On the other hand, they share some radiological features. Patients present with a wide range of cerebral symptoms and signs. Diagnosis depends on the semiology, genetic testing and MRI imaging. No specific treatment is available for these cases and they represent a challenge to the treating neurologist. Here we illustrate two interesting cases with their clinical and imaging findings to raise the awareness of such rare diseases and help diagnosing them in a low- resource setting

Analysis of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in the common smokeless tobacco Afzal in Oman

Objectives: There is a lack of awareness regarding the carcinogenicity of Afzal, an illegal smokeless tobacco product [STP] widely used among the Omani youth. Previous research has shown that certain types of tobacco-specific nitrosamines [TSNAs] are associated with oral and lung cancers. This study therefore aimed to assess levels of four common TSNAs in a randomly selected sample of Afzal

Methods: This study was carried out at Sultan Qaboos University in Muscat, Oman, between April and September 2013. A random sample of Afzal was analysed for four types of TSNAs using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The four types of TSNAs analysed were 4-[N-nitrosomethylamino]-1-[3-pyridyl]-1-butanone [NNK], N-nitrosonornicotine [NNN], N-nitrosoanatabine [NAT] and N-nitrosoanabasine [NAB]. As a reference product, a sample of laboratory-manufactured American moist snuff [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA] was also used to confirm the accuracy and precision of the analysis

Results: The analysis revealed total TSNA levels of 3.573 micro g/g in the Afzal sample. Mean levels of NNN, NNK, NAT and NAB were 1.205, 1.015, 0.809 and 0.545 micro g/g, respectively

Conclusion: Levels of the two most abundant TSNAs [NNN and NNK] found in the Afzal sample exceeded international regulatory limits. Afzal users therefore need to be educated regarding the potential health risks associated with their STP use. Stricter implementation of current legislation is recommended to reduce the availability and usage of Afzal in Oman

Satisfaction, self-use and perception of medical students in Majmaah University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, towards complementary and alternative medicine

Complementary and Alternative Medicine [CAM] is a growing industry in the health care system, and the use of CAM is rapidly evolving. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [KSA], little research has addressed the satisfaction, use and perception of medical students towards CAM. The objectives of the current study were to assess the level of medical students' satisfaction and perception towards studying CAM and to determine their self-use of different modalities of CAM. This descriptive study was conducted by administering a questionnaire to the first and second batches of the medical students studying the CAM module at the College of Medicine, Majmaah University KSA. The instrument used in this study was a validated self-administered questionnaire, and the retrieved data were analysed using SPSS

[Characterisation of nicotine and Cancer-Enhancing Anions in the common smokeless tobacco Afzal in Oman]

Objectives: Afzal is a common smokeless tobacco product [STP] available illegally in Oman. This study aimed to assess pH and moisture levels and determine cancer-enhancing factors in a randomly selected sample of Afzal

Methods: This study was carried out at the Sultan Qaboos University in Muscat, Oman, between April and December 2013. A package of Afzal was purchased from a single provider and divided into samples. The pH and moisture content of the samples were measured according to the protocols of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyse nicotine levels and ionexchange chromatography [IC] was used to determine concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, chloride, fluoride, bromide, sulphate and phosphate anions

Results: The samples had an alkaline pH of 10.46 with high levels of total [48,770.00 micro per g of STP [microg/g]] and unionised [48,590.00 microg/g] nicotine. The concentration of nitrate [8,792.20 microg/g] was alarmingly high. The chloride concentration [33,170.80 microg/g] showed a surge on IC chromatography. The moisture content percentage was 52.00%

Conclusion: The moisture content percentage and chloride concentration of Afzal was consistent with those of other STPs. In contrast, nitrite, sulphate and phosphate concentrations were below reported levels of other STPs. All anion concentrations were below the maximum daily limit set by international health organisations. However, the high concentrations of nitrite, nitrate and nicotine and the elevated alkaline pH observed in the analysed Afzal samples suggest that STP users will face health risks as a result of their use

Burden and Pattern of Cancer in the Sudan, 2000-2006.

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the number of newly diagnosed cancer cases and their distribution in two cancer-care providing facilities in Sudan. Study Design: This is a retrospective descriptive study. Methodology: Data was retrieved from patients’ records that were diagnosed and treated at the Radiation Isotope Center in Khartoum (RICK) and National Cancer Institute at Wadmadani (NCI -UG) in Sudan over the period between 2000 and 2006 and then statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 26652 cancer cases were retrieved with a noticeable increase in numbers from year 2000 to 2006. The maximum cancer number was observed in 45-64 year age group in both male and female patients with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1.0. The most common cancer sites for females were: the breast (29.3%), cervix uteri (8.2%), leukemia (7.2%), ovary (6.8%), and esophagus (5.9%) and for males: were prostate (7.6%), followed by leukemia, (7.0%), NHL (6.8%), esophagus (5.4%) and bladder (4.4), while leukemia (25.2%), NHL (12.4%), lymphoma (10.8%), retinoblastoma (6.6%) and brain tumors (3.3%) dominated in younger patients (<14 years old). Conclusions: This study provided some knowledge about the cancer situation in two institutions providing cancer care in Sudan that may draw attention of policy maker and aid in formulating appropriate cancer-control strategies in the country.

Determination of heavy metals in the common smokeless Tobacco Afzal in Oman

Afzal is an illegally sold smokeless tobacco product [STP] commonly used by youths and teenagers in Oman. The aim of this study was to analyse the composition of Afzal, also commonly known as sweekah, as it is believed to contain many carcinogens and toxic components. In particular, Afzal's heavy metal content includes cadmium [Cd], chromium [Cr], lead [Pb] and nickel [Ni]. This study was conducted between March and June 2013. Three samples of Afzal were first dried and then ground to form a homogenous powder. The powder was digested prior to the heavy metal analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry [ICPMS]. Afzal was shown to have high levels of all heavy metals except for Ni and Pb, which were detected in quantities below acceptable international limits. The concentrations of the tested metals were 15.75 micro g/g, 1.85 micro g/g, 1.62 micro g/g and 1.57 micro g/g for Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni, respectively. The estimated daily intake of heavy metals from Afzal was below the maximum permissible limit accepted by the Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization, except for Cr and Ni which were found to be dangerously elevated when compared with international standards. The results of this study showed that Afzal contains a number of heavy metals that may cause health problems. Therefore, urgent regulation of the illegal sale of Afzal is needed at the national level in Oman along with a campaign to address public health education and awareness of Afzal and its health risks

Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Pearl Millet (Penisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) Genotypes.

Fifteen genotypes of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. R. Br.) were evaluated at Sudan University of Science and Technology, The Demonstration Farm, College of Agricultural Studies, Shambat, during the summer season 2009 and 2010. The present study was conducted to assess the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability in broad sense and genetic advance among fifteen pearl millet genotypes for some growth and grain yield characters. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used at each season. Highly significant differences (P≤ 0.01) were observed for days to 50% flowering and days to maturity in the both seasons, for plant height, leaf area, number of grains /plant, 1000 grain weight and grain yield (t/ha) in the summer season of 2009, for panicle length in the summer season of 2010. Also highly significant differences were observed for genotypes and genotypes × seasons interaction for days to 50% flowering and days to maturity. In general phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) estimates were higher than genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) estimates for all the studied characters in all genotypes displaying the influence of environment effect on the studied characters. The combined results for heritability showed that the high estimates of heritability and genetic advance were scored for days to 50% flowering and days to maturity indicating that these characters were under the control of additive genetic effects. The genotypes ICMV155 and SADC (long) scored the most minimum days to maturity (68) days whereas, the genotypes ICMW221 and Ugandi scored the highest yield values of 2.20 and 2.05(t/ha), respectively. Such genotypes can be manipulated for further improvement in millet breeding programs at the Sudan.

Sacrococcygeal teratoma

Sacrococcygeal teratoma is one of the most common tumours affecting newborns and infants. Currently, a diagnosis is most likely to be made in the prenatal period during routine ultrasonography examination. Delay in diagnosis and treatment may lead to the development of complications, fetal loss and increased perinatal mortality. This case report investigates rupture of the tumour at birth, one of the complications of Sacrococcygeal teratoma. The baby in this case survived and showed a good postoperative recovery

Ranking Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making, Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis.

The evaluation of selection criteria using correlation coefficients, multiple regression and path analysis was carried out for a period of two years on sixteen genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.).These genotypes were studied during 2008 and 2009 summer seasons at EDduim and Kosti locations in randomized complete block design with three replications per each location. The field experiment is directed to study character association; contribution of various yield influencing traits on rice for establishment of appropriate plant attributes to select and improve the grain yield, and accordingly select the most suitable genotype. Combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant effects of locations, seasons, genotypes and their interactions for most of the studied traits indicating that these genotypes are highly variable. Genotypes differed significantly in grain yield, (NERICA 4, NERICA 14, NERICA 15, YUNLU 33 and WAB-1-38-19-14-P2-HB) were higher yielding genotypes giving 3.78, 4.03, 3.24, 3.55 and 3.51 t/ha respectively. These genotypes presented a valuable source of diversity which can be used for breeding programs. Correlation analysis in both seasons indicated that grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with plant height, number filled grains/ panicle and 1000-grain weight, while it was negatively correlated with percentage of unfilled grains/panicle. Path coefficient analysis indicated that among yield components number of filled grains/ panicle, number of panicles/m2 and 1000-grain weight showed a positive direct effect on grain yield and therefore, may be considered as selection criteria for the improvement of grain yield. Multi-objective decision-making model was employed to rank the studied genotypes according to the measured various yield influencing traits and the degree of association of each trait on yield. For determination of criteria weight this article considers the analysis of correlation that is used frequently in to quantify the degree of association between a response variable, and some explanatory variable. Consequently, we propose new weighted information criteria to be used to guide the selection of the “best” genotype based on determining correlation coefficient. As a result, compromise programming analysis is in agreement with analysis of variance and indicated that genotypes can be ranked in a descending order as: N12, N14, Y30, WAB8, WAB19, N4, Y33, Y26, N15, N17 and Y24.

Screening Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes by Genetic Variability of Vegetative and Yield Traits Using Compromise Programming Technique.

The present study was made to develop a suitable procedure for selecting the most sustainable maize genotype to grow by considering genetic variability for vegetative, yield and yield components under irrigated farming. The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm, College of Agricultural studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Shambat, during summer seasons of 2007/08 and 2008/09, respectively. Significant variability was observed for plant height, stem diameter, number of rows per cob and ear length during the first season 2007/08 and for days to 50% flowering and 100-seed weight during the second season 2008/09. Frantic genotype scored maximum seed weight (81.0g) while Baladi had least seed weight (57.48g). Frantic genotype had maximum grain yield (0.577 ton/ha), while minimum grain yield ton/ha was recorded in Baladi (0.473 ton/ha). Data recorded for heritability showed that days to 50% flowering had maximum heritability (79.1%) while the minimum heritability (4.46%) was recorded for 100 seed weight. The present study revealed considerable amount of diversity among the tested populations which could be manipulated for further improvement in maize breeding in Sudan. However, significant differences of grain yield were observed among varieties. Due to the observed variability multi objective compromise programming technique is employed to screen these Maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes according to their vegetative and yield traits for purpose of selecting the best one that suit irrigated farming conditions of Shambat area. The study ranked the different Maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes and recommends the best alternative. Ranking of alternatives was explored in reference to selection criteria weights preferred by an agronomist, animal production specialist and nutrition scientist in comparison to equal weights.

Spectrophotometric determination of lacidipine in bulk and tablet dosage form.

New, simple, accurate, sensitive, economical, and reproducible UV-spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the estimation of Lacidipine in bulk and tablet dosage form. Lacidipine shows maximum absorbance at 615.7 nm and linearity (Beer’s Lamberts law) was found to be in the range of 10-70 μg/ml. The apparent molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity coefficient were found to be 2.84 x 103 L mol-1 cm-1 and 0.16043 indicating the high sensitivity of the proposed methods. The slope, intercept and correlation coefficient were also calculated. Interference of common excipients with the proposed method was also studied and found there was no interference of common excipients with the proposed method. The method was validated by determining its sensitivity, accuracy and precision which proves the suitability of the developed method for the routine estimation of Lacidipine in pharmaceutical formulations.

Pattern of semen fluid abnormalities in male partners of infertile couples in Khartoum, Sudan

Normal semen is a mixture of spermatozoa suspended in secretions from the testis and epididymis, which at the time of ejaculation, are combined with secretions from the prostate, seminal vesicles, and pulbourethral glands. Many factors affect the quantity and quality of semen parameters such as cigarette smoking, excessive exercise and alcohol consumption. The objectives of the study were to determine the pattern of semen fluid abnormalities [volume of the ejaculate, sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm morphology] in male partners of infertile couples in Khartoum, Sudan. This was a descriptive study, 100 records of couples who attended Sudan Assisted Reproduction Centre in Khartoum seeking fertility treatment from July - December 2008 were reviewed for the volume of the ejaculate, the concentration of the sperms, the motility and the morphology. Semen production was obtained in the centre or at home after 3-7 days of abstinence from intercourse. Production of semen was by masturbation in a sterile container. Evaluation of samples was made by a qualified andrology technician. Statistics was done by the computer using SPSS soft ware. Results showed that 41.5%, 53.9%, 3.1%, and 1.5% of men had a volume of < 2, 2-4, 5-7 and >8 ml respectively. 25%, 37% and 38% had normal, oligozoospermia and azoospermia respectively. As regards motility, 27.4% had normal motility 62.9% had sluggish motility and 9.7% their sperms were immotile. There were only 1.8% of men who had normal morphology. The study concluded that, few men had sperm profile that was consistent with reference values with regard to volume, concentration, motility and morphology. Morphology showed the least normality. Results showed that no subject in the cohort fulfilled the full criteria of normozoospermia

Maternal mortality in Ribat University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan: seven years of experience

Maternal death is a tragedy that leaves an enormous negative impact on the family. The objectives of the study were to determine the rate and causes of maternal mortality in Ribat University Hospital This was a descriptive, hospital-based study conducted in Ribat University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan. Maternal mortality records were reviewed for causes of maternal death. Data were collected by a check list and analysed by SPSS soft ware. The number of maternal deaths was 10 while the number of live births during the study period was 19604. The maternal mortality rate was 51:100000 live births. 40% of patients were below the age of 30 while 60% were 30 years of age and more. Rural and urban residence constituted 70% and 30% respectively. 60% of patients had a parity of more than four. Results showed that 62.5% delivered by emergency caesarean section. The study revealed that 20% of the patients died as a result of pregnancy induced hypertension [PIH] [Hellp syndrome and eclampsia], 20% of PIH [eclampsia], 10% of PIH [rupture liver], 10% of ante partum haemorrhage [placenta praevia], 10% of primary postpartum haemorrhage following twin vaginal delivery, 10% of puerperal sepsis and septic shock following emergency caesarean section, 10% of hypovolaemia due to hyperemisis gravidarum and 10% of septicaemia with acute renal failure following missed miscarriage, Maternal mortality rate was 51:100000 live births. Pregnancy induced hypertension constituted one half of the causes of maternal deaths, followed by haemorrhage and septicaemia

Quality of Antenatal Care Provided For Pregnant Women in Ribat University Hospital; Khartoum

Background:The purpose of antenatal care is to assure that every pregnancy culminates in the birth of a healthy baby without any impairment of the mother's health. The objective of this study was to study thequality of care given to pregnant women attending the referral clinics in Ribat University Hospital; Khartoum;Sudan.Methods:This is a descriptive; cross sectional study. 300 antenatal care cards were checked fordocumentation for the following parameters at the 5th month of pregnancy: date of the first visit; age of the pregnant woman; the address; date or duration of marriage; parity; the first day of the last menstrual period; the expected date of delivery; the gestational age; vaccination; blood pressure; fundal level; foetal heart sound; haemoglobin estimation; urine analysis; blood group; ultrasound check and the date of ultrasound check. Data was analysed by the computer using SSPS soft ware; version 16.Results:The date of the first visit; the age of the pregnant woman and her address were documented in 294(98); 296(98.7) and226(75.3) respectively. The date/duration of marriage; parity; the first day of the last menstrual period; the expected date of delivery; the gestational age and vaccination were documented in 70(23.3); 298(99.3);298(99.3); 295(98.3); 278(92.7) and 45(15) respectively. Blood pressure; fundal level and foetal heart sound were checked in 266(88.7); 280(93.3); 244(81.3) respectively. Haemoglobin; urine analysis; blood group and Rhesus factor; ultrasound were done in 187(62.3); 159(53); 173(57.7); 121(40.3) respectively.Conclusions: The study concluded that documentation of the personal history and obstetrical examination were adequate. On the other hand documentation of obstetrical history was high except for date of marriage and vaccination which were very poor. Documentation of results of investigation were average

Knowledge and attitudes of population towards HIV/Aids in four states, Sudan

HIV/AIDS is a public health problem in the Sudan. The country is the most severely affected in North Africa and the Middle East with an estimated 500,000 people living with HIV/AIDS. The objectives of the study were to determine knowledge and attitude of the local population in selected states about HIV/ AIDS and to determine the relation between knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS and associated social factors. Design was descriptive, cross-sectional, community- based study conducted in Gezira, Sinnar, River Nile and Northen states. The population was those found in their settings during the visits in April 2009. Both sexes were enrolled and children below the age of 15 years of questionnaire and were analyzed by the computer using SPSS, version 13, soft ware. Knowledge of the population in the selected four states about HIV/AIDS was favorable [73%]. Tolerant attitude towards HIV-infected people was low [40%]. Results showed that males acquired better knowledge than females [76.2% versus 71.8%] but females were more tolerant towards HIV/AIDS than males [42% versus 37.4%]. Results showed that HIV/AIDS Knowledge graduates [92.6%] followed by basic and secondary [76.7%]. Illiterates acquired the least level of knowledge [42.4%]. The study showed that tolerance of population towards PLWHA increased according to the level of education. The university graduated was more tolerant [55.1%] than the basic/secondary [40.5%] and illiterates [21.9%]. It was shown that the single population was more tolerant towards PLWAH, followed by the married, the divorced and the widowed constituting 41.6%, 40.4%, 31.4% and 25% respectively. The study concluded that, level of knowledge was HIV/AIDS of the population in the selected states was good. Level of knowledge among males, the working force and the single population was higher than the females, those without jobs and the married. Level of HIV/AIDS knowledge increased according to the level of education, was higher among university graduates followed by basic / secondary and Illiterates. Attitude of the population in the selected states towards people living with HIV/AIDS "PLWHA" was low, only 40% had more tolerant attitude. Females, the highly educated and the working population were more tolerant towards HIV/AIDS than males, the less educated, and the nonworking population

Contributing factors of vesico-vaginal fistula [WF] among fistula patients in Dr.Abbo's National Fistula and Urogynecology Centre - Khartoum 2008

Vesico-vaginal Fistula [VVF] is defined as an abnormal communicating tract extending between the bladder [vesico-] and the vagina resulting in continuous involuntary discharge of urine into the vaginal vault. Vesico-vaginal fistula is still a persisting scourge in the developing countries, including Sudan in which 5000 new cases of obstetric fistula were estimated to occur every year. The objectives of this work were to study the contributing factors of vesico-vaginal fistula in Sudanese patients. The design was descriptive, cross-sectional, community-based study. A total of 2 patients with vesicovaginal fistula presented to the Fistula Centre in Khartoum Teaching Hospital from July to August 2008 were investigated using an administrated, semi-structured questionnaire. The study revealed that 44.2% of patients were 18-24 years old 58.8% were teenagers when married [<18 yrs old]. While 7% of the patients were illiterates, 62.8% were married to illiterate husbands. [80.8%] were poor, [40.4%] were from western regions of Sudan. The study showed that labor was responsible for 90.4% of VVF of whom 59.6% were primiparous, 42.6% delivered at home. It was found that 40.4% of the total deliveries were by forceps as long as 27.7% were emergency caesarian sections. [53.2%] of the deliveries were attended by traditional birth attendants and 55.3% of cases stayed in labor for more than 24 hours, as long as 53.2% were not in regular antenatal care. The vesico-vaginal fistula in Sudan resulted mainly from obstructed labor. The victim was mostly a young woman, a primigravida, who was poor, illiterate, not on regular antenatal care and being in labor more than 24 hours. Most deliveries were carried at home, attended by Traditional Birth Attendants in most cases. The deliveries were mostly assisted by forceps, or conducted as emergency caesarian sections. To prevent VVF, the study suggested raising awareness of women at bearing age; improve transportation, besides inclusion of the issue in the curricula of schools and universities

Antibodies against merozoite surface protein 1 and 2 in Sudanese children

Malaria is a serious childhood disease causing high morbidity and mortality despite control measures. Immunological control against malaria was initiated early, and immunity acquired by children in endemic areas, which is age and exposure dependant, differs in different endemic settings. The objective of the study was to determine antibodies against Merozoite surface protein-1 [MSP-I] and Merozoite surface protein-2 [MSP-2], and to determine their relation to the age of Sudanese children. The study was descriptive, cross-sectional, conducted in Khartoum Children Emergency Hospital [KCEH]. 150 children with positive blood films for P. falciparum malaria were classified according to age, and a blood sample was taken from each one, and tested for antibodies against MSP-I and MSP-2. Antibodies to MSP-I and MSP-2 were 46% and 42% respectively. Sero-positivity and sero-negativity for both antigens were 26.6% and 42.7% respectively. Seropositivity to either MSP2 or MSPl antigen alone was present in 18.7% and 12% of patients respectively. High seropositivity [52.9%] was found in the age group 12-15 years of age. MSP-1 and MSP-2 antibodies in Sudanese children according to this study were age dependant, and findings were similar to what had been reported in some African countries