RESUMO
Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the effect of Gum Arabic as Prebiotics and lactobacillus casei shirota (LcS) as probiotic on oxidative stress and renal function in adenine–induced chronic renal failure in rats. Methodology: 70 male albino rats were divided into 7 groups and treated for 8 weeks as follows group 1: control basal diet group (BD), group 2: adenine in feed (0.75%, w/w), group 3: gum Arabic (GA) in drinking water (15%, w/v), group 4: lactobacillus casei shirota (LcS) 1 x 109 colony-forming units (CFU) supplement, group 5 adenine + GA, as before, group 6 adenine +(LcS) as before and group 7: adenine + GA+ (LcS) as before. Urine, blood and kidneys were collected from the rats at the end of the treatment for analysis of conventional renal function tests serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, sodium, potassium concentration). In addition, the oxidative stress markers serum and kidney glutathione and superoxide dismutase, serum catalase and malondialdhyde (MDA) were measured. Results: By the end of the 8 weeks of treatment, Adenine significantly (p <0.05) increased the concentrations of serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, sodium, potassium and serum MDA. In addition, the oxidative stress markers serum and kidney glutathione and superoxide dismutase, serum catalase was, significantly decreased. Treatment with (GA) and (LcS) significantly ameliorated these actions. The mechanism of the reported salutary effect of GA in adenine-induced CRF is associated with mitigation of the adenine- induced inflammation and generation of free radicals. Conclusion: The results suggest that that oral administration of gum Arabic and lactobacillus casei shirota could conceivably alleviate adverse effects of adenine induced renal toxicity (CRF).
RESUMO
Background/aim: cataract is one of the major causes of visual impairment globally and the first cause of blindness. The present study analyzed the impact of caffeine and/or nifedipine in a model of cataract caused by selenite
Materials and methods: a total of 75 albino Wistar rats were alienated into five groups [15 each]: group I served as control and group II was subcutaneously injected with 30 nmol/g body weight of sodium selenite. Group III received an intraperitoneal injection of 5.15 micro mol of caffeine; group IV received 0.1 mg/kg of nifedipine; and group V received the two treatments in the same dose after selenite injection. Groups were decapitated after 5, 15, and 25 days of selenite injection. Comet assay to lens epithelium, refractive index, and ultraviolet absorption spectra for lens proteins were studied
Results: the results indicated very high significant increase [P<0.001] in comet assay parameters and refractive index. Also variation of ultraviolet spectra for all groups injected with selenite was observed. Partial recovery was observed after treatment with caffeine or nifedipine but there were no significant differences in groups treated with a combination of caffeine and nifedipine
Conclusion: the study stated that to achieve attenuation or delay of lens cataract formation, a calcium channel blocker must be used in addition to antioxidants