Treatment of dentofacial deformities secondary to condylar hyperplasia / 华西口腔医学杂志

Dentofacial deformities secondary to condylar hyperplasiais a kind of disease presenting facial asymmetry, malocclusion, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and other symptoms caused by non-neoplastic hyperplasia of the condyle. The etiology is still unknown, and currently, pre- and post-operative orthodontics accompanied by orthognathic surgery, temporomandibular joint surgery and jawbone contouring surgery are the main treatment methods. A personalized treatment plan was developed, considering the active degree of condyle hyperplasia, the severity of the jaw deformity, and the patient's will, to correct deformity, obtain ideal occlusal relationship, and regain good temporomandibular joint function. Combined with the author's clinical experience, the etiology, clinical and imageological features, treatment aims, and surgical methods of condylar hyperplasia and secondary dentofacial deformities were discussed in this paper.

Treatment of dentofacial deformities secondary to condylar resorption / 华西口腔医学杂志

Treating dentofacial deformities secondary to condylar resorption is a remarkable clinical challenge. Combined orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery is currently the main treatment scheme and is often integrated with temporomandibular joint surgery or conservative treatment according to the severity of condylar resorption. This paper discussed the etiology, clinical features, imaging features, treatment options, and prophylaxis of condylar resorption.

Dental-craniofacial manifestation and treatment of rare diseases in China / 华西口腔医学杂志

Rare diseases are genetic, chronic, and incurable disorders with relatively low prevalence. Thus, diagnosis and management strategies for such diseases are currently limited. This situation is exacerbated by insufficient medical sources for these diseases. The National Health and Health Committee of China recently first provided a clear definition of 121 rare diseases in the Chinese population. In this study, we summarize several dental-craniofacial manifestations associated with some rare diseases to provide a reference for dentists and oral maxillofacial surgeons aiming at fast-tracking diagnosis for the management of these rare diseases.

Dental-craniofacial manifestation and treatment of rare diseases / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Rare diseases are usually genetic, chronic and incurable disorders with a relatively low incidence. Developments in the diagnosis and management of rare diseases have been relatively slow due to a lack of sufficient profit motivation and market to attract research by companies. However, due to the attention of government and society as well as economic development, rare diseases have been gradually become an increasing concern. As several dental-craniofacial manifestations are associated with rare diseases, we summarize them in this study to help dentists and oral maxillofacial surgeons provide an early diagnosis and subsequent management for patients with these rare diseases.

Clinical, pathological and genetic studies of two cases of childhood-onset nemaline myopathy / 中国当代儿科杂志

This article reports two cases of childhood-onset nemaline myopathy diagnosed by muscle pathology and genetic diagnosis. The two patients had onset in early childhood, with muscle weakness as the first manifestation, as well as long disease duration and slow progression. Gomori staining and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed red-stained rods in the sarcoplasmic cytoplasm and sarcolemma under a light microscope. Electron microscopy showed that the dense nemaline rods were located under the muscle fiber sarcolemma and parallel to the long axis of the muscle fibers, and some muscle fiber myofilaments were dissolved and necrotic. Gene testing found that one of the two patients had heterozygous mutation (c.1013A>C) in the ACTA1 gene, and the other had compound heterozygous mutation (c.18676C>T and c.9812C>A) in the NEB gene. The two mutations were more common in nemaline myopathy. Nemaline myopathy is a recessive or dominant inheritance myopathy, in which the nemaline rod in the cytoplasm of myocytes is a characteristic muscle pathological change. Pathological and genetic diagnosis is the gold standard for diagnosis of nemaline myopathy.

Two-stage treatment protocol for the management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis with secondary deformities in adults / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To introduce a 2-stage treatment protocol for the management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis with sec-ondary deformities in adults.Methods:24 adult patients (9 males and 15 female)(30 joints)at the average age of 26.1 years un-derwent TMJ reconstruction as the initial surgery,followed by orthodontic treatment and correction of secondary deformities as the sec-ond surgery.Clinical outcome was assessed based on maximal incisal opening,radiography and medical photography.Results:Skele-tal deformities were significantly improved in all patients,satisfactory occlusion was achieved with the orthodontic treatment,average maximal incisal opening increased from 3.4 mm to 32.5 mm(P <0.05).Conclusion:The 2-stage treatment protocol is an effective approach for management of TMJ ankylosis with secondary deformities in adult patients.

Effect of topically applied recombinant adenovirus of adiponectin on bone defect repair / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of local administration of recombinant adenovirus of human adiponectin (hAPN) Ad-hAPN-EGFP on tibial defect repair of SD rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tibial defect (2 mm) models of 36 SD rats (72 sides) were randomly divided into three groups (A, B, and C; n=24). The three groups were injected with Ad-hAPN-EGFP, Ad-EGFP, and normal saline, respectively, during operation and the day after operation. A week after the operation, the expression of hAPN and osteogenesis-related factors were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Three weeks after operation, the tibias were examined by micro-computed tomography, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and Masson staining to evaluate the restoration of bone defects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1) The hAPN expression was detected in group A but not in groups B and C. Osteogenesis-related factors expression of group A was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05). 2) Osteogenesis (including bone mineral density, relative bone volume, trabecular number and trabecular thickness) in group A were more evident than those in groups B and C (P<0.05). No significant differences were found between groups B and C (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Local administration of recombinant adenovirus Ad-hAPN-EGFP may be an effective strategy to improve the restoration of bone defects in vivo.</p>

Recombinant adenovirus Ad-APN-EGFP constructing and promoting osteogenesis around implants / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>We aimed to construct a recombinant adenovirus Ad-APN-EGFP and to evaluate the transfection efficiency and effect of the adenovirus promoting osteogenesis around implants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recombinant adenovirus Ad-APN-EGFP containing adiponectin (APN) was constructed by DNA sequencing and restriction enzyme digestion. Rat bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) were transfected in vitro. Transfection efficiency and APN mRNA expression were tested. Animal models of rat femoral epiphysis and hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants were established. The Ad-APN-EGFP adenovirus at 10 μL was injected into the defect around HA-coated implants in the experimental group, whereas the same volume of phosphate-buffered saline was injected into the defect in the control group. Osteogenesis around implants was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining four weeks after implantation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ad-APN-EGFP was successfully constructed by DNA sequencing and restriction enzyme digestion. The transfection efficiency of Ad-APN-EGFP to BMSCs was up to ≥ 90%. APN mRNA expression of BMSCs transfected with Ad-APN-EGFP was higher than that of the control group. Osteogenesis in the experimental group was more evident than that in the control group in vivo.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ad-APN-EGFP could be transfected into BMSCs and express APN mRNA at a high level. Ad-APN-EGFP could improve osteogenesis around implants in vivo.</p>

Correction of mandibular deficiency by inverted-L osteotomy of ramus and iliac crest bone grafting / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

This study was to describe the use of inverted-L osteotomy of ramus and iliac bone graft for the management of mandibular deficiency in adult patients. From 2008 to 2010, 11 patients (aged 19 to 29 years) with mandibular deficiency underwent intraoral or extraoral inverted-L osteotomy of ramus and iliac crest bone grafting. Data were collected from the patients' records, photographs and radiographs. The height and width of the ramus were successfully expanded by inverted-L osteotomy and iliac crest bone grafting with minimal complications in all patients, resulting in significant improvement in occlusion and facial appearance. Our early results showed that the inverted-L osteotomy of ramus and iliac crest bone grafting is safe and effective, and should be considered as a good alternative for the patients with mandibular deficiency.

Narrowing and sliding genioplasty procedure combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy technique to correct square jaw in short face / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the the feasibility and effectiveness of narrowing and sliding genioplasty combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy technique to reshape a square jaw in short face.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2005 to October 2009, a total of 57 patients received narrowing and sliding genioplasty combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy procedure to correct square jaw in short face. All the patients had standard frontal and lateral cephalometric radiographs, panoramic radiographs, and were photographed preoperatively and postoperatively to assess their face contour. The alteration of mandibular angle, mental contour and width of lower face was observed for 6 to 24 months postoperatively. Questionnaires were used to assess the patients' satisfactory.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It showed that the postoperative lower face had narrowed and become softer, slender and oval, with a slick mental region. The final aesthetic outcomes were quite satisfactory in all cases from both the view of surgeons and patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Narrowing and sliding genioplasty combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy procedure could efficiently adjust the shape and position of chin to obtain a good proportion of the lower face, and to change square and short face to slender oval one by single operation in accordance with the fashionable aesthetics in orientals.</p>

Interaction between Schwann cells and osteoblasts in vitro / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

<p><b>AIM</b>Given the well-known properties of Schwann cells in promoting nerve regeneration, transplanting Schwann cells into implant sockets might be an effective method to promote sensory responses of osseointegrated implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction between Schwann cells and osteoblasts.</p><p><b>METHODOLOGY</b>Schwann cells derived from the sciatic nerves of neonatal rat were co-culured with osteoblasts using Transwell inserts. The proliferation of Schwann cells in the co-culture system was evaluated using methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric method. Moreover, the secretions and mRNA levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. In order to test the effect of Schwann cells on osteoblasts, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizerin red staining were performed as well.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Schwann cells, which were co-cultured with the osteoblasts, showed an intact proliferation during the observation period. Moreover, the gene expression and synthesis of BDNF and NGF were not impaired by the osteoblasts. Meanwhile, co-cultured osteoblasts exhibited a significant increase in the proliferation on day 3 and 6 (P< 0.05). Co-culture of these two types of cells also led to a more intense staining of ALP and an elevated number of calcified nodules.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These findings demonstrate that, in the in vitro indirect co-culture environment, Schwann cells can maintain their normal ability to synthesize neurotrophins, which then enhance the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.</p>

Correction of low angel-square jaw with mandibular "V-Line" ostectomy combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility of mandibular "V-Line" osteotomy combined with mandibular outer cortex osteotomy for correction of low angle-square jaw.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From Jul. 2005 to Nov. 2007, 31 patients with low angle-square jaw were corrected with mandibular "V-Line" osteotomy combined with mandibular outer cortex osteotomy. The patients were followed up for 6-24 months. Pre- and Post-operative standard images and X-ray cephalometric examination were used to assess the therapeutic effect.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The wounds were healed primarily in all the 31 cases with no severe complication. The lower labial numbness was happened in 13 cases, which was recovered within 4 months. All the patients achieved esthetic improvement at the frontal and lateral view. The mandibular angle and the mandibular plane angle reached 110 degrees - 120 degrees and 25 degrees - 30 degrees after operation. The distance between the angles was decreased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The low angle-square jaw can be corrected satisfactorily with mandibular "V-Line" osteotomy combined with mandibular outer cortex osteotomy.</p>

Autogenous standard versus inside-out vein graft to repair facial nerve in rabbits / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate autogenous vein grafts and inside-out vein grafts as conduits for the defects repair in the rabbit facial nerves.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 10 mm segments of buccal division of facial nerve were transected for 48 rabbits in this study. Then the gaps were immediately repaired by autogenous vein grafts or inside-out vein grafts in different groups. All the animals underwent the whisker movement test and electrophysiologic test during the following 16 weeks at different time points postoperatively. Subsequently, the histological examination was performed to observe the facial nerve regeneration morphologically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 8 weeks after operation, the facial nerve regeneration has significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in electrophysiologic test and histological observation. However, at the end of this study, 16 weeks after operation, there was no significant difference between inside-out vein grafts and standard vein grafts in enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study suggest that both kinds of vein grafts play positive roles in facial nerve regeneration after being repaired immediately, but the autogenous inside-out vein grafts might accelerate and facilitate axonal regeneration as compared with control.</p>

Ultrastructure of poly-DL-lactic acid as GTR membrane of soft tissue defects in goats palates / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the ultrastructure changes of PDLLA as GTR membrane of soft tissue defects in the palates of goats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To establish penetrating rectangle palate defects in 8 goats. PDLLA membranes were implanted into the defect areas to guide the regeneration of the soft tissue defects. In 1, 2, 4, 6 months after the operation, the membranes were observed with scanning electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The surface of PDLLA membrane was regular network before implantation. 1 month after the implantation, the edge of network became blunt. 2 months after the implantation, the surface of PDLLA membrane became coarse and irregular. 4 months after the implantation, PDLLA membrane network collapsed. 6 months after the implantation, PDLLA degraded into scraggly accumulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PDLLA membrane supplies good supporting function during concrescence of the soft tissue defects. PDLLA gradually loses mechanic intensity and is absorbed.</p>

The changes of cytoskeleton F-actin in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and calvarial osteoblasts under mechanical strain / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the response of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs and calvarial osteoblasts to mechanical strain and the consequent changes of cytoskeleton F-actin.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bone marrow MSCs and calvarial osteoblasts were isolated from SD rats and cultured in vitro. Mechanical stretch was performed on passage 3 cells at 2 000 microepsilon for 0, 2, 6 and 12 hours using four-point bending system. The response of cells and the distribution of F-actin were observed using fluorescent staining under laser scanning confocal microscope and the morphological parameters were quantified using image analysis software Laserpix.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Under mechanical stretch, the fluorescent staining decreased obviously at both MSCs and osteoblasts, and F-actin filaments were rearranged and became tenuous, thinner, and abnormally distributed. The outline of nucleus became unclear and apoptotic changes were observed at some of both cells. Cellular size decreased more significantly in MSCs than in osteoblasts. Quantity analysis showed that total area of cells, total fluorescent density and green fluorescent density (F-actin) were all significantly decreased in MSCs (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and total fluorescent density, green fluorescent density and red fluorescent density (nuclei) did also in osteoblasts (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mechanical stretch caused extensive response on both MSCs and osteoblasts which led to the rearrangement of F-actin filament and apoptosis in some of these cells. MSCs were more sensitive to mechanical strain than osteoblasts.</p>

The experimental study of PDLLA/rhBMP-2 compound screws for internal fixation of mandibular fracture / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of poly D,L-lactic acid (PDLLA) screws with PDLLA-rhBMP compound on bone regeneration in the screw holes and fracture ends of dog mandibles.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A self-control study was carried out in 4 dogs. PDLLA/rhBMP-2 compound screws were implanted to fix the mental fractures and PDLLA screws were used as control. The samples from mandibles were collected at 4, 8, 12, 16 weeks after implantation and observed by radiography and histology.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All dogs showed a greater degree of bone regeneration around PDLLA/rhBMP-2 screws than PDLLA ones and all fractures were fixed and healed well.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The PDLLA-rhBMP screw has a better effect of inducing osteogenesis than PDLLA screw, and is able to exert a good fixation to fracture.</p>

Expression of heat shock response protein induced by heat shock in human Tca8113 cells / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the expression of heat shock response protein(HSP_ 70 ) in human squamous tongue cancer Tca8113 cells during the recovery periods of heat shock.Methods:Tca8113 cells were subjected to heat shock at 43 ℃ for 30 min, then the cells were cultured for 2,4,6,8,12,24 and 48 h respectively. The expression of HSP_ 70 in the cells was examined with immunohistochemical method, Quantitative analysis was performed by FCM and the cell vitality was detected by MTT method.Results:Heat shock induced HSP_ 70 expression in Tca8113 cells at 43 ℃ for 30 min and the maximum proportion of the positive cells were observed and HSP_ 70 reached the maximum value at 12 h after heat shock(P