[Identification of Burkholderia cepacia in patients with cystic fibrosis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis]

Background: Complex of Burkholderia cepacia is one of the main and serious causes of infections in cystic fibrosis patients that can be highly transmissible

Small hospital outbreaks are frequent and are usually due to a single contaminated environmental source. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis [PFGE] is widely used to identify the strain emission sources in cystic fibrosis patients

The aim of this research was to study geno-typing of Burkholderia cepacia using PFGE method, and to evaluate diversity complex of clinical strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients

Methods: This is a descriptive study, in which 100 pulmonary secretion specimens of cystic fibrosis patients admitted in Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran Iran in period of 12 months 2012 to 2013 were collected

The specimens were cultured on BCSA plate's. After incubation suspected colonies were isolated and identified by biochemical and phenotypic method. All samples were checked by API system [API20NE] and by specific PCR method for genus Bulkhorderia and Bcc as well. DNA was extracted by alkaline lysis method and confirmed by PCR analysis of recA genes. Genetic diversity of isolate was performed by PFGE analysis according to Pulsenet guideline by using Xbal, Spel as restriction enzyme which digests infrequently among the Burkholderia cepacia genome

Results: Out of 100 samples five were identified as Burkholderia cepacia. It is obviously different at variously reports. The electrophoresis data of PCR products and comparison of band in samples from patients with standard strain ATCC 25416 Burkholderia cepacia and compare and analyse the PFGE size marker bands of Salmonella choleransuis serotype Braenderup H9812 strain, were the same

Conclusion: Application of PFGE and identification of pulse-type is a potential tool to enhance the investigation of apparent nosocomial outbreaks of B.cepacia. Similar type of pulse patterns was observed in this study means that all of infection has been from one source; therefore the hypothesis of transferring person to person will be rejected. Base on these results environmental sources sampling should be considered in future investigation

Epidemiology of hospitalized burn patients during 5 years in Khuzestan province, Iran

Infection is one of the most common causes of complication in bum patients. A severe burn injury is not only a life-threatening problem for the burned patients, but it also may have serious financial effects on the patient and society. In a descriptive study, medical files of 6082 consecutive admissions for burn injury treated at Taleghani Burn Hospital over a five-year period were reviewed. The mean age of patients was 22.4 +/- 16.9 years and overall male to female ratio was 1.25. Burns were more common during winter [33.6%] [p<0.001]. Fire accident was the most common cause in all age groups [66.1%], except subjects aged less than 10 years. The percent of TBSA for burned patients ranged between 1% and 100% with a mean of 38.7 +/- 29.8%. There was a correlation between TBSA percentage and age [r=0.18%]. The mean and median hospital stay was 14 and 9 days, respectively, with a range of 1-311 days. There was a significant association between fire accident and hospital stay [p<0.001]. Of 6082 patients, 486 deaths were recorded [8%]. E. colt in urine culture and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in blood and wound culture were the most predominant isolated bacteria. Preventive programs for reducing the risk of burns are needed. Furthermore, high percentage of TBSA and mortality and the presence of multi-drugs resistance bacteria are major concerns in our hospital

Asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women referred to outpatient clinics in Sanandaj, Iran

OBJECTIVES: Determine the prevalence of asymptomatic urinary tract infection (AUTI) among pregnant women. We also determined the antibacterial susceptibility of the isolates to various antibiotics and associated risk factors in AUTI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One thousand five hundred and five consecutive pregnant women were included in the study. Mid-stream urine specimen for complete examination of urine was obtained. RESULTS: Of 1505 pregnant women, 134 (8.9 percent) had bacteriuria. The mean age of the all the pregnant women included in the study was 28.40 years with a standard deviation of 6.16. Age ranged from 15 to 45 years of age. The urine culture of the asymptomatic pregnant women (1505 cases) showed growth in only 134 cases (8.9 percent). Escherichia coli was the commonest organism 79 (58.96 percent) followed by CN Staphylococcus 22 (16.8 percent) and S aureus 18 (13.43 percent). Escherichia coli, which comprised 58.96 percent (79) of the isolates, were 88.62 percent, 87.35 percent, and 83.55 percent sensitive to cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and cefotizoxime respectively. Similarly, E. coli were 89 percent, 70 percent, and 20 percent resistant to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, and nitrofurantoin respectively (OR 1.57 95 percent CI 1.01, 2.44). After analyzing, four variables, hemoglobin levels seem to be independently associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria (OR = 9.41 (1.65-50.38). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women was 8.9 percent. The predominant organisms were Escherichia coli 79 (58.96 percent), followed by CN Staphylococcus 22 (16.8 percent). Most strains of Escherichia coli showed that they were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline and gentamicin.