Evaluation of BCL-2 expression in prostatic carcinoma. A fine-needle aspiration study

Bcl-2 expression was evaluated in a series of twenty cytologically positive prostatic carcinoma and was correlated with the cytologic grade of the tumor. In aspirated cells, the intensity of immunostaining was more frequent in high grade tumors [5 cases, 25%] than in intermediate grade [6 cases, 30%] or low grade tumors [9 cases, 45%]. There was a significant correlation [p = 0.027] between Bcl-2 expression and cytologic tumor grade. One patient was misdiagnosed as benign prostatic hyperplasia on histopathology but the diagnosis was proven to be well differentiated low grade prostatic carcinoma on application of Bcl-2 immunostaining. Bcl-2 immunostaining of specimens taken by FNAs of prostatic carcinoma is a potential tool to confirm or correct conflicting diagnosis. Bcl-2 is beneficial for diagnosis and grading of prostatic carcinoma. In addition, Bcl-2 can be used as a diagnostic marker of hormone refractory prostatic carcinoma and can be a very beneficial prognostic factor in metastatic prostate carcinoma

Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in different masses

Pre-operative fine needle aspiration is a reliable widely used method for obtaining a rapid diagnosis which can direct further planning of therapy. The procedure enables the clinician to obtain a definitive diagnosis in a high percentage of patients with minimal cost or expenditure of time -and is useful in delineating patients with metastatic disease or primary bone neoplasm such as multiple myeloma or lymphoma to avoid unnecessary surgery. In the present work, a comparative study was carried out on 137 patients with superficially accessible masses to access the accuracy of cytodiagnosis. Fine needle aspiration proved to have a valuable role even in undiagnosed cases as it could differentiate between benign and malignant tumors. Cytologically undiagnosed breast cases were attributed to the presence of dense sclerotic stroma which yielded unsatisfactory smears, the same explanation for one of the cases of thyroid swelling was suspected, while the other case which was suspicious is explained by the similar features of benign and malignant well differentiated follicular tumors. 2 out of 11 cases of salivary glands were misclassified with regard to the type of malignancy. The accuracy rate was 100% in cases with osseous tumors, lymphadenopathy, subcutaneous soft tissue masses as well as liver nodules

In situ hybrdization of epstein-barr virus encoded RNA [EBER] in aspiration samples in lymphoma

This study aimed at applying a non-isotopic in situ hybridization technique for EBV detection on fine needle aspiration [FNA] samples using the cell print instrument-blue supplied with 15 micro filter. A total of 35 selected FNA from lymph nodes, confirmed on biopsy basis, included 18 Hodgkin's disease, 12 cases of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 5 cases of metastasis from nasopharyngeal carcinoma, used as control. All cases of Hodgkin's disease showed a condensed EBV positivity picked up by all mononucleated and binucleated Reed Sternberg cells, in all the subtypes; sparing other polymorphic reactive cellularity. In Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cases, 10/12 cases were EBV negative except for insignificant occasional scattered weak positivity picked up by the resulting lymphocytes. The remaining 2 cases gave condensed EBV positivity in few scattered reticulum cells. Retrospective immunohistochemical staining by [CD [15, 20, 43]] for these 2 cases, proved to belong to Hodgkin's disease, lymphocytic predominance of B-cell type. All cases of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma showed a condensed positivity in all the metastatic epithelial cells. The usefulness of applying ISH for EBV on aspirate samples on wider scale is recommended and the possible carcinogenic role of EBV in the evolution of various subtypes of Egyptian Hodgkin's disease is discussed

Retrorectal and presacral tumors a clinicopathologic study

Neoplasms in the retrorectal or presacral area are uncommon. In this work we aimed at studying the cases of retrorectal or presacral tumors admitted to our institute in the last four years by H and E stain, immunostain and electron microscopy with review of the literature. Twenty nine patients are included in this study, having variable lesions comprising 10 congenital, 2 neurogenic, 1 osseous, 4 soft tissue tumors, 5 multiple myeloma and 7 metastatic lesions. Difficult cases were studied by immunostain and / or electron microscopy. Both techniques proved to be highly specific in diagnosing equivocal cases and determining the cell of origin