Hardening of a dual-cure resin cement using QTH and LED curing units

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the surface hardness of a resin cement (RelyX ARC) photoactivated through indirect composite resin (Cristobal) disks of different thicknesses using either a light-emitting diode (LED) or quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) light source. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighteen resin cement specimens were prepared and divided into 6 groups according to the type of curing unit and the thickness of resin disks interposed between the cement surface and light source. Three indentations (50 g for 15 s) were performed on the top and bottom surface of each specimen and a mean Vickers hardness number (VHN) was calculated for each specimen. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer test was used for post-hoc pairwise comparisons. RESULTS: Increased indirect resin disk thickness resulted in decreased mean VHN values. Mean VHN values for the top surfaces of the resin cement specimens ranged from 23.2 to 46.1 (QTH) and 32.3 to 41.7 (LED). The LED curing light source produced higher hardness values compared to the QTH light source for 2- and 3-mm-thick indirect resin disks. The differences were clinically, but not statistically significant. Increased indirect resin disk thickness also resulted in decreased mean VHN values for the bottom surfaces of the resin cement: 5.8 to 19.1 (QTH) and 7.5 to 32.0 (LED). For the bottom surfaces, a statistically significant interaction was also found between the type of curing light source and the indirect resin disk thickness. CONCLUSION: Mean surface hardness values of resin cement specimens decreased with the increase of indirect resin disk thickness. The LED curing light source generally produced higher surface hardness values.

Resistência ao cisalhamento da união de um cimento resinoso a um cerômero submetido a diferentes tratamentos de superfície / Shear bond strength of a resin cement and a ceromer submitted to different surface treatments

Este estudo avaliou a influência de diferentes tratamentos de superfície na resistência de união de um cimento resinoso (Rely X – 3M ESPE) a um cerômero (Cristobal – Microdont). Quarenta discos da resina foram confeccionados (3,0 x 4,0 mm), fixados em cilindros plásticos e divididos em cinco grupos, de acordo com o tratamento de superfície: 1 –condicionamento com ácido fosfórico 37% por 15 segundos (controle); 2 – jateamento com óxido de alumínio 50 μm por 15 segundos; 3 - jateamento com óxido de alumínio mais aplicação de silano por 1 minuto; 4 - jateamento com óxido de alumínio, ácido fosfórico 37% e silano; 5 - jateamento com sílica 30 μm (Cojet - 3M Dental) e silano. Após, foi aplicado sistema adesivo (Single Bond 2 – 3M) e o cimento resinoso inserido na superfície do compósito através de uma matriz circular de teflon (3,0 x 3,0 mm). O cimento foi fotoativado (Optilight / Gnatus - 400 mW/cm2) por 40 segundos. Após armazenamento em água destilada (± 37ºC / 24 horas), foi realizado ensaio de cisalhamento na máquina de ensaio universal (EMIC DL 2000, velocidade: 1 mm/min). Os valores obtidos foram: Grupo 1 – 7,29 MPa; Grupo 2 – 22,13 MPa; Grupo 3 – 20,43 MPa; Grupo 4 – 22,93 MPa; Grupo 5 – 23,58 MPa. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey (5%). Apenas o grupo controle apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante dos demais. O jateamento com óxido de alumínio ou sílica resultou no aumento da resistência de união entre cimento resinoso e cerômero.

This study evaluated the influence of different surface treatments on the bond strength of a ceromer (Cristobal – Microdont) and resin cement (Rely X – 3M Dental). Forty composite resin blocks were manufactured (3.0 x 4.0 mm), fixed in plastic cylinders, and they were divided into five groups, according to the surface treatment: 1- etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds (control); 2 – sandblasted with 50 μm aluminum oxide particles; 3 – sandblasted with aluminum oxide and silaneted for 1 minute; 4 – sandblasted with aluminum oxide, etched with 37% phosphoric acid and silaneted; 5 – sandblasting with 30 μm silica particles and silaneted. After, the adhesive system (Single Bond 2 – 3M) was applied and the resin cement was inserted on composite resin surface with the help of a circular mold (3.0 x 3.0 mm). The cement was cured (QTH – Optilight / Gnatus – 400 mW/cm²) for 40 seconds. The specimens were placed in distilled water (± 37ºC) for 24 hour, and the shear bond test was performed in a universal machine (EMIC DL 2000, speed: 1 mm/min). The values obtained were: Group 1 – 7.29 MPa; Group 2 – 22.13 MPa; Group 3 – 20.43 MPa;Group 4 – 22.93 MPa; Group 5 – 23.58 MPa. The results were submitted to the analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (5%). Only the control group presented a statistically different result compared to the other groups. Sandblasting with aluminum oxide or silica particles increased the bond strength of the composite resin and the resin cement.