Sensitivity Pattern of Staphyloccus Aureus in Surgical site Infections after Elective Surgery

To determine the sensitivity pattern of Staphylococcus au reus in surgical site infection after elective surgery. Cross sectional descriptive. January1, 2012 to May 31,2013. Patients with minor or major surgical site infection [SSI] were selected by the treating surgeons and swabs taken for culture and sensitivity testing on blood agar, chocolate agar and MacConkey's agar plates [incubated at 370C] aerobically. The suspected colonies were subjected to catalase test and later coagulase test to confirm as Staphylococcus au reus and tested for sensitivity against commonly used antibiotics. Staphylococcus au reus was isolated in 59.2% of positive cultures. The highest resistance of S.aureus was against Cefixime [95.1%] followed by Cefaclor [77.1%]. The least resistance was against Sulbactam and Cefoperazone [8.2%] followed by Sparfloxacin [11.5%] and Amikacin [16.4%]. S. au reus was variably resistant to other commonly used drugs. Staphylococcus aureus is sensitive to less commonly used drugs like combination of Sulbactan and Cefoperazone and Sparfloxacin. Resistance to commonly used drugs like Cefixime and Cefaclor exists in surgical site infection and needs appropriate measures for prevention and control

Antibiotics resistance: a global threat

Respiratory tract infections accounts for the largest number of clinic visits and are the most frequent cause of antibiotic prescriptions. The commonest infecting organism is usually a virus, which needs no antibiotics for cure. The insistence of patients and parents of young children has led to inappropriate prescription of antibiotics by the general practitioners. This has created drug resistance organisms, which are then not influenced by antibiotics. This paper will describe the process of occurrence of Antibiotic resistance and its prevention strategies relating to the WHO global strategy of appropriate antibiotic use

comparative study between the effects of local anesthetic solutions with varying epinephrine content on blood pressure and pulse rate

To document whether the varying concentration of epinephrine [in Xylesterin-A and Lidocaton] present in local anesthesia effect the blood pressure and pulse rate. Design: Non-Randomized Experimental Study Design. Design: Non-Randomized Exp. S.D. Setting: Department of Oral Surgery, Karachi Medical And Dental College. Patients and Forty cases were registered. Half of them were given Xylesterin-A [with 1: 115,000] as a local anesthesia during tooth extraction and were labeled as group 1. Rest of the half was given Lidocaton [with 1:80,000 epinephrine] as a local anesthesia and was labeled as group 2. Blood pressure and pulse rate of all the patients was recorded. The Students-T test showed that the varying concentration of epinephrine present in local anesthesia did not affect the blood pressure and pulse rate significantly. Whatever fluctuation occurred was attributed to patients' stress due to -sympathetic overactivity. Epinephrine has a non-significant role in affecting the blood pressure and pulse rate during tooth extraction. Continuous reassurance has a vital role in keeping the blood pressure and pulse rate under control