Assessment of knowledge and attitude and practice of family towards physical activity in Makkah City, 2017

Background: Physical activity could enhance the personal wellbeing and reduce the risks of many medical disease around the world

Objectives: Assessing the knowledge and attitude and practice [KAP] of family towards physical activity in Makkah city in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [KSA]

Methods: This study was based on cross-sectional questionnaire sheet study conducted in Makkah City from September to November 2017among 400families from different parts of Makkah City

Results: Most of the subjects had appropriable knowledge about the importance of physical activity and risk factors of physical inactivity. The attitude of the subjects was positive among most of them toward regular physical exercise, enhancing their family to practice physical activity and practicing physical activity with their family. The level of practice was insufficient among most of the respondents regarding sports practice with their family and going for a long walk with their family. But the majority taught their children about the importance of physical activity and 50.5% let their children practice swimming and light physical activity

Conclusion: Although most of the subjects had good knowledge and attitude toward physical activity, the practice pattern was insufficient among most of them. There is a need for enhancing the physical activities among families in KSA and assessing the prevalence of chronic diseases among physically inactive subjects

Coexistence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in elderly population of Arar city, Northern Saudi Arabia

Background: type 2 diabetes [DM] mellitus and Hypertension [HT] are among the most common chronic non-communicable diseases affecting at a higher prevalence in the older age group. The presence of hypertension in diabetic patients substantially increases the risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, nephropathy and retinopathy. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence rate and risk factor associated with co-existence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in elderly population in Arar city, Northern Saudi Arabia

Methods: a cross sectional study, included 181 elderly attending seven randomly selected primary healthcare centers in Arar city during the period from 1st January to 30th June 2017. Participants selected using a systemic random sampling procedure as we take every second elderly attending the PHC during the study period. Data collected by means of personal interview using a predesigned questionnaire covering the required items

Results: the prevalence of coexistence of diabetes and hypertension was 16.6% while coexistence of diabetes, hypertension and obesity were found in 9.9%. Two-thirds [66.66%] of cases of coexisting diabetes and hypertension were females [P value>0.05]. The relation between coexisting diabetes and hypertension with smoking status was significant [P value<0.05] while the relation with BMI was non-significant [P value>0.05]

Conclusion: coexistence of diabetes and hypertension were found in 16.6% of elderly population of Arar, Northern KSA. This association leads to several cardiovascular complications, so it is mandatory to adopt more strategies for the control of DM and HT in Arar elderly population by appropriate methods

Frequency and Pattern of Noninfectious Adverse Transfusion Reactions at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Korea

BACKGROUND: Although transfusion is a paramount life-saving therapy, there are multiple potential significant risks. Therefore, all adverse transfusion reaction (ATR) episodes require close monitoring. Using the computerized reporting system, we assessed the frequency and pattern of non-infectious ATRs. METHODS: We analyzed two-year transfusion data from electronic medical records retrospectively. From March 2013 to February 2015, 364,569 units of blood were transfused. Of them, 334,582 (91.8%) records were identified from electronic nursing records. For the confirmation of ATRs by blood bank physicians, patients' electronic medical records were further evaluated. RESULTS: According to the nursing records, the frequency of all possible transfusion-related events was 3.1%. After the blood bank physicians' review, the frequency was found to be 1.2%. The overall frequency of febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTRs) to red blood cells (RBCs), platelet (PLT) components, and fresh frozen plasmas (FFPs) were 0.9%, 0.3%, and 0.2%, respectively, and allergic reactions represented 0.3% (RBCs), 0.9% (PLTs), and 0.9% (FFPs), respectively. The pre-storage leukocyte reduction significantly decreased the frequency of FNHTRs during the transfusion of RBCs (P<0.01) or PLTs (Pfalling dots0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of FNHTRs, allergic reactions, and "no reactions" were 22.0%, 17.0%, and 60.7%, respectively. Leukocyte-reduction was associated with a lower rate of FNHTRs, but not with that of allergic reactions. The development of an effective electronic reporting system of ATRs is important in quantifying transfusion-related adverse events. This type of reporting system can also accurately identify the underlying problems and risk factors to further the quality of transfusion care for patients.

An Update of Maximum Surgical Blood Order Schedule in Elective Surgery / 대한수혈학회지

BACKGROUND: Recently, operation technology and health care environment are continuously improving and changing. An updated MSBOS using current blood usage data is necessary for efficient blood management in the hospital blood bank. METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis based on operation names according to the ICD-9-CM at Severance hospital in 2013. We calculated the average units of red blood cells according to each operation, as well as the total units of RBCs used per each operation and patient. Finally an average unit of RBCs was set for the MSBOS, which were ordered before surgical operation. These analyzed results were compared with the previous reports of our hospital and other hospitals. RESULTS: Transfusion episodes occurred in 3,092 cases, which is only 8.6% of all patients. Total transfused units were 8,230 units, 27% of total RBCs (2,270 units) transfused were used in cardiovascular surgery. Compared with the previous data, the usage of RBCs during surgery was decreased. CONCLUSION: The MSBOS investigated in this study showed some differences in the indicators in 2007. Therefore, regular update of the MSBOS is necessary in each hospital to reflect the advancement of surgical technology.