Screening Oppositional Defiant Disorder with the Korean Child Behavior Checklist : The Role of the Subscales of Aggressive and Delinquent Behavior

OBJECTIVES: This present study examined the power of the Korean Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) subscales to predict a DSM-IV diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). METHODS: The sample included 37 children and adolescents with ODD and 46 normal controls. The participants and their parents were interviewed for clinical diagnosis using the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and the parents completed the K-CBCL. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict the diagnosis of ODD. RESULTS: Among the CBCL subscales, Delinquent and Aggressive Behavior scales significantly predicted ODD diagnosis. The means of these CBCL subscales were significantly higher in the ODD group when compared to the controls. CONCLUSION: Two CBCL subscales (Deliquent and Aggressive Behavior) displayed good diagnostic efficiency for assessing ODD in children and adolescents. Through combining information from the CBCL, an empirical-quantitative approach to psychopathology in children and the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, the results demonstrated that a clinical diagnostic approach is an effective diagnostic paradigm for children with ODD.

Comparison of Working Memory Among the Subtypes of Child and Adolescent Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the differences of working memory among the subtypes of ADHD. METHODS: Eighty-one children and adolescents with ADHD and thirty normal controls were recruited. Children with any cognitive disorders and low intelligence were excluded. In order to evaluate the verbal and visuospatial working memory, Digit span and Finger windows tasks were measured, respectively. Performances on these measures between children with ADHD and controls were compared. Further, performances among the groups of ADHD predominantly inattentive(ADHD-IA)(n=40), predominantly hyperactive-impulsive(ADHD-HI)(n=10), and combined type(ADHD-C)(n=31), were compared. RESULTS: Scores of Finger windows forward task were lower in the ADHD group as compared to the control group, whereas, the Digit span forward showed no difference. Both scores of Digit span backward and Finger windows backward task were lower in the ADHD group than the controls. Children with ADHD-IA performed poorer than children with ADHD-C on the Finger windows backward task. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that children with ADHD have deficits in spatial short-term memory and verbal and visuospatial working memory when compared to normal children. The deficits were evident in children with ADHD-IA subtype and in particular, performance on the visuospatial working memory task in this group was poorer than the ADHD-C group.

Awareness and knowledge of human papillomavirus infection among female public health personnel / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: To assess the level and accuracy of understanding of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among female public health personnel in Chonbuk province. METHODS: Nine hundred ninety-one female public health personnel were asked to complete a questionnaire assessing HPV awareness and specific knowledge about the virus. The questionnaire contained 11 demographic informations and nine true-false questions on knowledge about HPV infection. RESULTS: Questionnaires were completed by 546 women, of whom 145 (37.6%) had heard of HPV. Married women (P=0.019), those with a history of candida, genital warts (P<0.001), or an abnormal smear result (P=0.001), annually visitor for a Pap smear (P=0.023) were more likely to have heard of human papilloma virus. Medical doctor (38.6%) was the most common source of hearing of HPV. Overall percentage of knowledge among those who had heard of HPV was 56.3%. Responses indicated than more than 70% had up-to-date knowledge about several issues: HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer, HPV is sexually transmitted, The pill protects against HPV, and Men can carry HPV. Fewer than 50% knowledge of HPV infection were as follows: HPV viruses are divided to low-risk and high-risk type, HPV infections persist forever, condoms protect against HPV. CONCLUSION: In this well educated samples, awareness of HPV infection was poor. And also, knowledge about HPV infection was relatively low. We recommend that more educational effort is needed for improving women's knowledge and awareness of HPV infection.