Metabolites profiling and hypolipidemic/hypocholesterolemic effects of persimmon (Diosyros kaki Thumb.) by different processing procedures: in vitro and in vivo studies / 한국영양학회지

PURPOSE: Our previous study demonstrated that persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thumb.) at different stages of ripening provided different protective effects against high-fat/cholesterol diet (HFD)-induced dyslipidemia in rats. In this study, we compared the metabolites profile and gene expressions related to triglyceride (TG)/cholesterol metabolism in vitro and in vivo after treating with persimmon water extracts (PWE) or tannin-enriched persimmon concentrate (TEP). METHODS: Primary and secondary metabolites in test materials were determined by GC-TOF/MS, UHPLC-LTQ-ESI-IT-MS/MS, and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The expression of genes related to TG and cholesterol metabolism were determined by RT-PCR both in HepG2 cells stimulated by oleic acid/palmitic acid and in liver tissues obtained from Wistar rats fed with HFD and PWE at 0, 150, 300, and 600 mg/d (experiment I) or TEP at 0, 7, 14, and 28 mg/d (experiment II) by oral gavage for 9 weeks. RESULTS: PLS-DA analysis and heatmap analysis demonstrated significantly differential profiling of metabolites of PWE and TEP according to processing of persimmon powder. In vitro, TEP showed similar hypolipidemic effects as PWE, but significantly enhanced hypocholesterolemic effects compared to PWE in sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene expression. Consistently, TEP and PWE showed similar hypolipidemic capacity in vivo, but significantly enhanced hypocholesterolemic capacity in terms of SREBP2, HMGCR, and bile salt export pump (BSEP) gene expression. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that column extraction after hot water extraction may be a good strategy to enhance tannins and long-chain fatty acid amides, which might cause stimulation of hypocholesterolemic actions through downregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis gene expression and upregulation of LDL receptor gene expression.

A clear cell cystadenofibroma of the ovary / 대한산부인과학회지

Most clear cell tumors of the ovaries are carcinomas; benign and borderline clear cell tumors are uncommon. We describe here a 52-year-old postmenopausal woman with an ovarian clear cell cystadenofibroma that was misdiagnosed before surgery as a borderline malignant cystic mass of the ovary. The ovarian mass had cystic and solid components. Histological examination revealed widely spaced simple glands embedded in a dense fibrous stroma. The glands were lined with one to two layers of hobnail cells, flattened cells, or cells with abundant clear cytoplasm. The patient successfully underwent a left oophoro-salpingectomy.

Apigenin-induced apoptosis in cervical cancer cell lines / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: Apigenin is a widely distributed plant flavonoid and was proposed as a potent antitumor agent. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of apigenin on human cervical cancer cell lines. For this, the effects of apigenin on growth inhibition and apoptosis were examined and also mRNA expression of E6 and E7, the main causes of development of cervical cancer, was also evaluated. METHODS: To observe the anti-proliferative effects, cervical cancer cell lines, 5x103 cells/well (96 well plate) of Caski, HeLa and C33A were plated and 24 h later treated with apigenin for three days and then MTT assay was performed. For apoptosis analysis, Annexin V-FITC staining was performed. To examine the effect on anchorage-independent growth by apigenin, soft agar assay was performed. The mRNA expression of HPV E6/E7 was examined by quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: Apigenin inhibited the growth of all three kind of cervical cancer cell lines (CaSki, HeLa, and C33A) and induced apoptosis in these cell lines. Also, anchorage-independent growth of Caski cells in soft agar was inhibited approximately 3 folds by apigenin treatment. Unexpectedly, mRNA expression level of both E6 and E7 in HeLa cells was not significantly affected by apigenin. CONCLUSION: These studies showed that apigenin inhibits cervical cancer cell growth through the induction of apoptosis. However, mRNA expression of HPV E6/E7 genes was not affected by the treatment of apigenin, indicating that the anti-cancer effect of apigenin in cervical cancer might be mediated via other pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that apigenin may provide a new therapeutic approach for cervical cancer.

Epidemiologic Analysis of Sexual Assault Victims in Northeast Area of Seoul / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: To analyse sexual assault cases epidemiologically. METHODS: We evaluated 129 female patients who visited the female sexual assault center in northeast area of Seoul with a complaint of sexual assault. After patient's consent was obtained, history taking and physical examination was performed. Photographic record was obtained on appropriate sites. We reviewed their medical and standardized rape records and photographs retrospectively. Descriptive statistics was performed with medico-legal parameters. RESULTS: Of 129 sexual assault victims, 44.2% were under 19 years of age. Spring was relatively vulnerable season for sexual assaults, vulnerable time was between 12 to 18 o'clock for victims younger than 14 years and between 0 to 6 o'clock for victims older than 13 years. Most frequent place was hotel for adolescent victims and was victim's house for other age groups. Sixty seven percent of assailants were strangers to the victims. Genital trauma was more frequent in victims younger than 20 years and alcohol use was more prevalent among adolescent victims. 82.2% of victims visited hospital within 24 hours and 91.4% of victims has destroyed potential physical evidences by bathing, douching, tooth brushing, changing clothes, defecation or urination. Follow up rates are low: 28.7% in obstetrics and gynecology clinic, 5.4% in psychiatric clinic. CONCLUSION: This study provide more accurate information about epidemiology of sexual assaults.

Epidemiologic Analysis of Sexual Assault Victims in Northeast Area of Seoul / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: To analyse sexual assault cases epidemiologically. METHODS: We evaluated 129 female patients who visited the female sexual assault center in northeast area of Seoul with a complaint of sexual assault. After patient's consent was obtained, history taking and physical examination was performed. Photographic record was obtained on appropriate sites. We reviewed their medical and standardized rape records and photographs retrospectively. Descriptive statistics was performed with medico-legal parameters. RESULTS: Of 129 sexual assault victims, 44.2% were under 19 years of age. Spring was relatively vulnerable season for sexual assaults, vulnerable time was between 12 to 18 o'clock for victims younger than 14 years and between 0 to 6 o'clock for victims older than 13 years. Most frequent place was hotel for adolescent victims and was victim's house for other age groups. Sixty seven percent of assailants were strangers to the victims. Genital trauma was more frequent in victims younger than 20 years and alcohol use was more prevalent among adolescent victims. 82.2% of victims visited hospital within 24 hours and 91.4% of victims has destroyed potential physical evidences by bathing, douching, tooth brushing, changing clothes, defecation or urination. Follow up rates are low: 28.7% in obstetrics and gynecology clinic, 5.4% in psychiatric clinic. CONCLUSION: This study provide more accurate information about epidemiology of sexual assaults.

Real Time Determination of Left Atrial Volume by Automatic Boundary Detection: Comparison with Two-dimensional Echocardiographic Measurement

BACKGROUND: Echocardiographic automatic boundary detection(ABD) is a new on-line technique which automatically outlines the left atrial endocardial border and instantly calculates the left atrial area and volume from two dimensional echocardiographic images. To determine if left atrial volume can be derived using the ABD method, 70 patients with various etiology of heart disease(mean age 51) underwent complete echocardiographic examination with both the ABD method and conventional two-dimensional echocardiographic measurement. METHODS: End-systolic left atrial volume was obtained on-line from the apical four chamber view using ABD(ABD LAVOL). Left atrial length was also measured from an apical view. Left atrial volume was calculated using ellipsoid model(2D LAVOL) and method of disc(MANUAL LAVOL) by two-dimensional echocardiography. RESULTS: The end-systolic left atrial volume by ellipsoid model, method of disc and ABD were 87+/-31ml, 57+/-25 and 60+/-28ml, respectively. I.inear regression analysis revealed that the ABD LAVOL is closely correlated with 2D LAVOL and MANUAL LAVOL(ABD LAVOL vs 2D LAVOL, SEE=22ml, r=0.65, p<0.001; ABD LAVOL vs MANUAL LAVOL, SEE=6ml, r=0.97, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: ABD echocar-diography is a new on-line technique which may be used to accurately calculate left atrial volume in patients with various heart diseases.

Dobutamine Echocardiography in the Prediction of Left Ventricular Remodeling after Acute Myocardial Infarction

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction has been identified as an important prognostic factor because it leads to ventricular enlargement, ventricular aneurysm, and increased mortality. However predictors of left ventricular remodeling are not clearly defined. This study was perforrned to evaluate the efficacy of dobutamine echocardiography in the prediction of left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: Forty-five patients(39 males, age 56.9+/-10.2 years) with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and patent infarct-related artery(no significant narrowing with/without revascularization) underwent dobutamine echocardiography at 2 7 days after AMI. The stages of dobutamine infusion were baseline, 5, 10, 20ug/kg/min, and images at each stage were directly compared and analyzed with the use of 16-segment model(by American Society of Echocardiography) and scoring system(1: normal, 2: mild to moderate hypokinesia, 3: severe hypokinesia, 4: akinesia, 5: dyskinesia). The viability of infarct zone was defined as improvement of wall motion score in more than 2 contiguous segments during dobutamine infusion in areas of resting asynergy. Coronary angiography was performed at 7~10 days after AMI and revascularization of infarct-related artery was done, if severe stenosis was present. Follow-up(F/ U) echocardiography was performed more than 3 months after AMI. We have measured left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volume at baseline, dobutamine(peak dose) and follow-up echocardiography by modified Simpsons method. RESULTS: 1) Dobutamine echocardiography was performed at 5.5+3.9 days after acute myocardial infarction, and follow-up echocardiography was performed at 7.5+3.4 months after dobutamine echocardiography. 2) We assessed left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV) at follow-up echocardiography compared to LVEDV at baseline echocardiography, and patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1(n=14) with increase in LVEDV during F/U period(mean change 13.9+14.2ml); Group 2(n=31) with no increase in LVEDV volume during F/U period(mean change 27.4+22.1). Between two groups, clinical parameters such as age, sex, incidence of anterior myocardial infarction, incidence of non-Q myocardial infarction, peak CK, peak CKMB, pre-infarction angina, incidence of reperfusion therapy, follow-up duration, were not significantly different. 3) Between group 1 and group 2, there were no singnificant differences in baseline echocardiographic parameters such as ejection fraction, wall motion score index, LVEDV, LV enddiastolic dimension. 4) In group 1, the incidence of patients with infarct zone viability assessed by dobutamine echocardiography was significantly snialler than the one in group 2(5 of 14 and 21 of 31, respectively, p <0.05). 5) Beween group 1 and group 2, the change of LVEDV at dobutamine echocardiography compared to LVEDV at baseline echocardiography was significantly different( -1.3+/-17.7 and -17.1+/-26.2, respectively, p<0.05). 6) Linear regression analysis indicated that the change of LVEDV during follow-up period was predicted by the change of LVEDV during dobutamine echocardiography. LVEDV(F/U) LVEDV(baseline) = 0.726[LVEDV(dobutamine) LVEDV(baseline) ] 5.648(r=0.65, p<0.05) CONCLUSION: The viability of infarct zone assessed by dobutamine echocardiography was predictive of left ventricular remodeling at F/U of acute myocardial infarction and the change in LVEDV during dobutamine echocardiography correlated with the change in LVEDV at follow-up of acute myocardial infarction. Dobutamine echocardiography can be an useful tool for the prediction of LV remodeling after acute myocardial infarction.

Real-time determination of left ventricular ejection fraction by automatic boundary detection in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: a comparison with radionuclide ventriculography

Echocardiographic automatic boundary detection (ABD) is a new on-line technique which automatically outlines the left ventricular endocardial border and instantly calculates the left ventricular area and volume from two dimensional echocardiographic images. To determine if left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) can be derived using the ABD method, 25 consecutive patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, aged 52.1 +/- 15.2 (range 14 approximately 75), underwent complete echocardiographic examination with both the ABD method and radionuclide ventriculography (RVG). End-diastolic and end-systolic left ventricular areas were obtained on-line from the apical four chamber view. Left ventricular length was also measured from an apical view. Left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction were calculated using the single plane area-length method. ABD measurements could be obtained in all patients. Linear regression analysis compared ejection fraction derived by ABD and RVG. The mean radionuclide LVEF was 20.9 +/- 6.8% and mean ABD-derived LVEF was 22.7 +/- 5.8%. Linear regression analysis revealed that the ABD-derived LVEF is closely correlated with the RVG-derived LVEF (r = 0.87, p<0.001). In conclusion, ABD echocardiography is a new on-line technique which may be used to accurately calculate LVEF in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Doppler Echocardiographic Evaluation of Diastolic Function in Different Patterns of Ventricular Hypertrophy and Topography in Essential Hypertension

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction have been well established in patients with essential hypertension. The left ventricular adaptation to hypertension represents a variety of spectrums with complex changes in topography. Left ventricular topography and diastolic and systolic function were evaluated in 48 patients with essential hypertension(group 1) and 33 age-matched normal controls(group 2) by transmitral inflow and pulmonary venous flow patterns assessed by Doppler echocardiography. The following Doppler parameters were measured : early(E) and late(A) peak velocities and velocity integrals. E/A ratio, deceleration time of E wave ; systolic(S) and diastolic(D) peak velocities and velocity integrals of pulmonary venous flow, S/D ratio, and atrial reversal peak velocity. RESULTS: 1) There were no significant differences of age, sex, heart rate, and body surface area between the two groups. 2) Systolic and diastolic blood pressures and left atrial dimension and left ventricular mass index and relative wall thickness were significantly increased in group 1. Deceleration time and isovolumic relaxation time were significantly increased in group 1(231.9±47.6msecs vs 202.0±40.7msecs, 106.7±21.4msecs vs 83.2±14.3msecs, p < 0.05, respectively), whereas E/A ratio was decreased compared with group 2(1.08±0.35 vs 1.43±0.44, p < 0.05). Time-velocity integral of atrial reversal pulmonary venous flow was significantly increased in group 1(1.5v0.5 vs1.3±0.4, p < 0.05). 3) In group 1, 47.9% had concentric hypertrophy, 41.7% had eccentric hypertrophy and 10.4% had normal left ventricular mass index and left ventricular dimension. 4) In concentric hypertrophy, thickness of ventricular septum and posterior wall were significantly increased, whereas left ventricular end-diastolic dimension was significantly decreased compared with those of patients with eccentric hypertrophy. 5) There were no significant differnces of peak E velocity, deceleration time of E wave, E/A ratio, time-velocity integral of E and A wave, isovolumic relaxation time between patients with concentric hypertrophy and eccentric hypertrophy. 6) There were no significant differences of pulmonary venous flow pattern between concentric hypertrophy and eccentric hypertrophy. 7) Systolic blood pressure was identified as an independent factor which associated with left ventricular mass index. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in diastolic functional indices assessed by Doppler profiles of transmitral inflow and pulmonary venous flow between the patients with concentric hypertrophy and eccentric hypertrophy. The supine systolic blood pressure was identified as an independent factor associated with left ventricular mass index.

A case of double compartment hydrocephalus

No abstract available.

The normal values of platelet count, mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width in the normal newborn, small for gestational age and premature neonates

No abstract available.

The normal values of platelet count, mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width in the normal newborn, small for gestational age and premature neonates

No abstract available.