Effect on the bond strength between composite resin and glass ionomer cement

Glass ionomer cements are tooth-coloured materials that bond chemically to dental hard tissues and release fluoride for a relatively long period. Glass ionomer is the ideal radiopaque liner for use under all types of composites. It bonds to dentin, reduces microleakage enhances the bond strength of composite

Effect of marginal leakage around class II composite resin restorations

The desire for improved esthetics have led to the appearance of "posterior composite resins" for occlusal restorations. Forty extracted permanent human molars and premolars of mesial or distal class II cavities were included. There was no leakage found at 58% and 89%. The lowest degree of leakage for all filling methods was found at the occlusal margin

Verticalaly root fracture in endodontically treated teeth: a review of 41 cases in civil hospital Quetta

We want to examine the various factors which caused vertical root fractures [VRF]. This a retrospective study in which we reviewed 41 case histories of vertical root fractures after canal treatment and various factors responsible for VRF. The average line to VRF was 5 years. this was not specifically affected by presence or absence of restoration but absence of restoration effects more on VRF. Teeth restored with amalgam significantly took longer period for VRF than restored with composite or bonded amalgam. Amalgam restorations are more prone to horizontal fractures or coronal fracture

Dentin-enamel bonding system to wet and dry dentin

[tokhalid321@yahoo.com] To evaluate the ability of dentin-enamel bonding system to bond to wet, as well as to dry, dentinal substrate. Dental Section, Bolan Medical College, Quetta. Sixty extracted human molars, free of obvious defects were selected for this study and divided equal in six groups. They were used within 2 weeks of harvest and stored in tap water at 4 degree C. For the experiment, the teeth were embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin in a stainless ring with an inside diameter of 1 inch. The matrices were removed from the teeth, and the teeth were stored for 24 hours in water at 37 degree C.-Group-1 had one cohesive dentinal failure. Group-3 exhibited cohesive dentinal failure nine times out of ten. Group-5 had four cohesive dentinal failures. All specimens in group-6 failed adhesively. Two-way analysis of variance showed that the mean shear bond strength of group 4 was significantly lower than those of groups-1 and 2. Mean bond strengths of groups-3, 5, and 6. Mean bond strengths of groups-3, 5, and 6 were not significantly different from one another. Mean bond strengths of groups 1 and 2 were not significantly different from one another, but both were significantly lower than those of groups-3, 5, and 6. Groups-3 and 5 also showed bond strengths with lower coefficients of variation than were found in groups in which the dentin was dried. The wet dentinal surfaces exhibited significantly higher bond strengths than the dry surfaces. It is suggested that the dentinal surface is adapted to much more thoroughly and intimately when the surface is wet

Bilateral sphenopalatine ganglion block in functional endoscopic sinus surgery under general anaesthesia

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of bilateral sphenopalatine ganglion block on the surgical conditions, haemodynamics, intraoperative blood loss, consumption of anaesthetics, recovery characteristics and postoperative pain relief during functional endoscopic sinus surgery under general anaesthesia. A double-blinded randomised controlled trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of bilateral sphenopalatine ganglion block in 60 patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery [FESS]. They were categorized into 2 equal groups [30 patients each]. In group I [block group], bilateral sphenopalatine ganglion block was performed after induction of general anaesthesia while group II [non-block group] received no similar injection. Anaesthesia was maintained with N2O-O2, fentanyl and sevoflurane. Urapidil was administered to induce hypotension as needed. Observed variables included haemodynamic parameters, visibility of the surgical field and intraoperative blood loss. Also, the requirements of sevoflurane, fentanyl and urapidil to provide optimal surgical field were assessed. Moreover, recovery characteristics, postoperative analgesia and any complication related to the technique used were recorded. Patients in group I [block group] had more stable haemodynamics with no fluctuations, better visibility of the surgical field and decreased blood loss as compared with non-block group. Also, less fentanyl, sevoflurane and urapidil doses were consumed in the block group. In addition, there were significant differences between both groups as regards the recovery criteria, the time to first rescue pain medication and analgesic requirements. Minimal postoperative complications occurred. It could be concluded that bilateral sphenopalatine ganglion block is a useful adjunct in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery. It provided more stable haemodynamics, good operative conditions and lower blood loss. Also, it decreased consumption of sevoflurane, fentanyl and urapidil. Moreover, it improved recovery characteristics and postoperative pain relief with minimal recorded complications