[Pattern of antibiotic usage in Razi hospital in Ahvaz, Iran [2011-12]]

Indiscriminate use of antibiotics is one of the major health problems worldwide. Rapidly increasing incidence of antibiotic-resistant microbes warns healthcare authorities in the country to use drugs, reasonably. This study was carried out to assess the pattern of antibiotic usage in Razi teaching hospital in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran. This descriptive -analytical study was conducted on 17668 hospitalized patients in Razi teaching hospital Ahvaz, southwest of Iran during 2012. Proper or inappropriate antibiotic usage was judged based on existing national guidelines or guidelines referenced in textbooks. 3119 of patients were received antibiotics which 20.4% of patients were being treated unnecessarily. 2482 [79.6%] of patients had indications for antibiotic therapy. Out of 2482 patients with indications for antibiotic therapy, 51.9%, 18.1% and 6.5% of patients were received incorrect antibiotic regiment, inadequate dose and unsuitable duration of therapy, respectively. The highest rate of unnecessary, inappropriate, incorrect duration and dosage of antibiotics were observed in internal, scorpion wards and the lowest was in infectious diseases and obstetrics wards [P<0.05]. The pattern of antibiotic usage in Razi teaching hospital in Ahvaz was inappropriate. Unnecessary prescription, inappropriate antibiotic spectrum, inadequate dose and duration of antibiotics were inappropriate treatment strategy

[Effect of heat therapy on pain severity and the end of labor in primigravida women]

Pain is a common phenomenon and is an inevitable part of process of childbirth. Continuous labor pain is effective on respiratory system; blood circularly; endocrine glands and other activity of body. Heat as a non pharmacological method of pain relief helps reduce the pain severity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of heat therapy on labor pain and the end of labor in prime gravid women who referred to the hospitals of Babol University of medical sciences in Babol in 2006-2007. In this clinical trial study, 64 low risk nullparous women were randomly divided into two groups [heat therapy and routine care groups]. The control group got routine cares in obstetrics ward and heat therapy group in addition ot these cares used warm bag for the low back from cervix dilatation of 3-4 cm to the end of first stage of labor and for perinea at the second stage. The intensity of pain was determined in dilatation of 3-4, 6-6 and 9-10 cm and at the end of second stage of labor by Mc Gill pain scale. Data was analyzed with t-test and chi square and ManWitney tests by using SPSS Software statistical. Comparing two groups showed a significant decrease in the intensity of pain in heat therapy group in the first stage, in the second stage of labor [p<0.001]. Also, in heat therapy group duration of the first and third stage of labor with p<0.001 decreased but duration of second stage of labor showed no significant difference between two groups. The mean of APGAR score of neonates type of delivery and perineum tear, height of fundus an hour after delivery showed no significant difference between two groups. According to the results of this study, it seems that heat affects on the pain severity in first and second stages of labor and duration of first and third stages in labor without any negative effect after delivery on neonate and mother

Cerebritis and neutropenia in a child with ANA negative lupus

Systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE], an autoimmune systemic disease with unknown etiology, affects virtually every part of the body; involvement of the central nervous system [CNS] is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE] patients and is the least understood aspect of the disease. Neutropenia is very uncommon in childhood lupus. True negative anti nuclear antibody [ANA] tests in patients with lupus are now very rare. The patient reported here was a 12-year-old girl with ANA negative lupus cerebritis who presented with left hemiparesia after a generalized seizure, with neutropenia observed during its course

effect of heat therapy on labor pain severity and delivery outcome in parturient women

Pain relief for labor, as an acute and severe pain, has been considered for many years. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of heat therapy on labor pain and the time of labor in primigravida women referring to the affiliated hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences during 2006-2007. In this study, 64 nulliparous women were randomly divided into two groups [heat therapy and routine care group]. The control group received routine care in the obstetrics ward but the heat therapy group used warm bag for the low back since the cervix dilated about 3-4 cm to the end of the first stage of labor and for perinea at the second stage as well as the routine cares. The severity of pain was determined on dilatation of 3-4, 6-7 and 9-10 cm and at the end of the second stage of labor by Mc Gill pain questionnaire. Comparison of the two groups showed a significant decrease in the intensity [severity] of pain in the heat therapy group in the first stage, and on dilatation of 6-7 cm and 9-10 cm, and in the second stage of labor. Also, in the heat therapy group duration of the first and third stages of labor decreased but that of the second stage of labor showed no significant difference between the two groups. According to the results of this study, it seems that heat affects the intensity of pain in the first and second stages of labor and shortens the first and third stages of labor

effect of ibuprofen on intractable epileptic attacks in children

Background and Purpose: It seems that during seizures special inflammatory processes remain in the epileptic tissues and can induce still another attack. Based on this hypothesis many studies have been conducted to determine the efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on controlling seizures and have obtained different results. so we decided to perform this research. Therefore the present research was conducted to investigate the effect of ibuprofen on controlling intractable epileptic attacks in children

Methods and Materials: This quasi-experimental double-blind study was conducted in 2006-2007 on 30 patients [3-13 years old] with intractable epilepsy. The patients were observed for one month; then they were given ibuprofen syrup [30 mg/k/day divided into 3 doses] for two months; taking ibuprofen syrup was paused for one month; placebo was given for two months with a similar dosage. Patients simultaneously received their previous anticonvulsant drugs during the study period. In each stage the frequency duration and probable complications of each attack were recorded. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using paired t-test and chi-square

Results: Patients' mean age and mean seizures onset age were 7.23?3.22 and 2.73?2.43 years respectively. Partial complex epilepsy occurred in 13 cases [43.3%] and 17 patients [56.7%] experienced myoclonic epilepsy. Ibuprofen decreased frequency of attacks in 8 cases [26.7%] and even stopped them in 4 cases. However placebo just decreased attacks in 4 cases [13.3%] but the observed difference was not statistically significant [P=0.434]

Conclusion: Based on the findings there was no statistically difference between effects of Ibuprofen and placebo on controlling epileptic attacks