RESUMO
Visceral leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by L. donovani. Transmission to humans [incidental host] occurs via insect bite and the phlebotomous [female sand-fly] transmits the disease. Common presentations of the disease include hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, but fever, chills and night sweats may be part of the disease's symptoms. Lymphadenopathy without systemic manifestations is a very rare presentation of the disease. We hereby present a 9 year old boy in whom the only presentation of visceral leishmaniasis was a 2'1.5cm submental mass without any signs or symptoms. After excisional biopsy Leishmaniasis was confirmed and the patient underwent medical management that resulted in complete recovery. Visceral leishmaniasis must be considered as a cause of lymphadenopathy in endemic areas