RESUMO
Background: Hepatopathy induced from toxic chemicals and some drugs has harmful effects on the metabolism. Carbon tetrachloride [CCL4] able to make liver damage in humans and animals. In the absence of some drugs that are able to protect the liver against damage, conventional medicine requires the use of herbal medicines that may have antioxidant activity in this field
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of Pleurotus Osteratus and Pleurotus Djamor herbal extracts on liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. Methods: In this study, 35 male rats were divided into seven groups, which the respective groups, carbon tetrachloride, fungal extracts and silymarin [The positive control group] were injected. To evaluate the effect of injected compounds, biochemical tests were carried out. Results: High levels of serum enzymes indicative of leakage and loss of hepatocyte membrane integrity followed by injection of carbon tetrachloride were observed. In the groups treated with extracts, the serum levels of certain enzymes decreased compared to the group treated with carbon tetrachloride. It is also possible to compare groups of receiving silymarin extract suggests that the protective effect of the extracts on hepatocytes, is comparable with silymarin
Conclusion: The results show that the extracts used in this study by maintain the structure and integrity of the hepatocytes membrane or repair damaged cells could decrease the serum levels of liver enzymes and liver protective effects following administration of carbon tetrachloride
RESUMO
To determine the type and prevalence of parasitic infestation [Helminthes and Ectoparasites] of rodents in Tabriz. Cross-sectional study. One hundred and twenty rodents [56 Mus musculus, 38 Rattus norvegicus and 26 Cricetulus migratorius] were traped from different urban areas of Tabriz. Animals were euthanasied by high dose of anesthetic drugs and after identification of species, their ectoparasites were isolated. The rodents were then necropsied were isolated. The rodents were then necropsied and helminthes of digestive tract were collected. After fixation of the samples in 10% formalin, identification was performed based on parasitological characteristics. Descriptive study. About 78.3% of tested samples were infested by at least on parasite. In parasitological study two nematods: Mastophorus muris [21.28%], Syphacia obvelat [17.02%], two cestodes: Skerjabinotaenia oranensis [21.28%], Hymenolepis diminuta [24.47%], one metacestode: Cysticercus fasciolaris [7.45%], one acanthocephal: Moniliformis moniliformis [8.5%], two fleas: Nosopsyllus fasciatus [47.22%], Xenopsyella cheopis [16.66%], two ticks: Rhipicephalus sanguineus [13.88%], Haemaphysalis punctata [16.66%] and one mite: Ornithonysus bacoti [5.55%] were identified. For the first time we reported Mastophorus muris [in stomach], Skerjabinotaenia oranensis [in intestined], Rhipicephalus sanguineus [in skin] of rodents in Iran. Because of rodent's role in transmittion of zoonoses and developmental cycle of parasites as intermediate host, their eradication is crucial
RESUMO
Detection of infectious rate and observation of histopathological changes due to nymph of Linguatula serrata on liver and lungs of cattle, sheep and goat during different seasons of year. Slaughteral survey and preparation of histopathological sections from liver and lung. In this study 420 cattle liver, 420 cattle lung, 480 sheep liver, 480 sheep lung, 480 goat liver and 480 goat lung [totally2760 sample] were examined. 2760 sample of liver and lung of cattle, sheep and goat were provided from different East Azarbaijan slaughterhouses during one year. Nymphs of linguatula serrata were obtained by digestion method. Also histopathological sections from infectious zone of liver and lung were prepared and stained by Haematoxillin and Eosin method and were observed by light microscope. Chi-Square method was used for detection relationship between infectatious rate of liver and lung within different seasons of year. No infective nymph was observed in liver and lung of cattle during this study .The nymph of linguatula srrata were observed in 98 [20/41%] sheep liver and 96[20%]sheep lung and 173[6/04%]goat liver and 170 [35/41%] goat lung. On sheep minimum infectious rate was observed during spring and maximum rate was observed during autumn. On goat minimum infectious rate was observed during winter and maximum rate was observed during autumn. Infectious rate variations in different season were significant [P<0/05].Histopathological studies appeared lymphocyte and macrophage cell infiltration into liver parenchyma, hemorrhage in Parenchyma of lungs, hyperemia, neutrophil and mononuclear cell infiltration into alveoli. Results of this survey showed that there is linguatula serrata infectious in East- Azarbaijan slaughterhouses and variation between infectious rate of liver and lung of sheep and goat in different season was significant [P<0/05]