RESUMO
Introduction: Exclusive breast feeding is particularly important because it awards health and a lot of nutritional, emotional and psychological benefit to child. The most important reasons for decreasing duration of breastfeeding are social and cultural factors such as education, income and religion. It is therefore important to explore the factors influencing the decision, initiation, and duration of breast feeding, in order to implement effective breastfeeding promotion policies. The present study was conducted to study the barriers to the persistence of breastfeeding for at least 1 year in the Bandar-Abbas city
Methods: This study is a descriptive and analytic study. Cluster random sampling technique was used to select 100 mothers who had children less than one year and referred to the medical and health centers. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by t-test and chi-square
Results: Breastfeeding was initiated by 78% of mothers, with 53% and 27% continuing for 6 months and 1 year of age, respectively. The most important cause for terminating breastfeeding was shortage of mothers breast milk [38%]. The most common reasons for breastfeeding the babies included: benefits for the infant's health [56%], emotional bonding with the infant [25%], availability [11%], economical reasons [6%], and religious reasons [3%]. The method of childbirth in 55% of cases was Caesarian Section and 14.5 percent of them believed that this delivery method was effective in stopping the breastfeeding. There was a significant relationship between time of the first breastfeeding after the childbirth, mother's occupation, prenatal cares, and mother or child's illness. The main sources of mother's knowledge on duration of breastfeeding were relatives [47%], while health center personnel played a minimal role [9%] in this regard
Conclusion: According to findings of this research, social, economical and cultural factors and wrong beliefs for early breastfeeding termination are the main causes of early breast feeding termination. Promotion of mother's knowledge during pregnancy and after childbirth is the most important factor which can increase the breastfeeding duration
RESUMO
This study aimed to carry out a malaria situation analysis, species composition and susceptibility levels of the main malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi, to different insecticides in Bashagard. A longitudinal survey was conducted in 2 randomly selected villages in Bashagard. Malaria vectors were sampled by dipping method for the larvae and hand catch, night-biting catch, total catch, and shelter pit collection for the adults. Standard WHO susceptibility tests were used for a variety of insecticides on F1 progeny of An. stephensi reared from wild-caught females. In total, 693 adult anopheline mosquitoes and 839 third and fourth-instar larvae were collected and identified. They comprised 7 species; the most abundant adult and larvae anopheline mosquito was An. Dthali [40.7% and 30.5% respectively]. An. Culicifacies[24.2%] and An. Stephensi [16.7%] were the next most common species for adult mosquitoes. An. Stephensi was fully susceptible to malathion and pyrethroid insecticides but resistant to DDT and tolerant to dieldrin