Establishment of Hymenolepis diminuta life cycle to provide parasite mass production

The main object of this experimental work was to practise laboratory production both adult and the larval stage of Hymenolepis diminuta with conventional modification to make further studies easier. Adults H. diminuta were collected from urban rats in Tehran, Iran. The beetles became infected using blended gravid segments with flour as bait. Cysticercoids have been saved after precise dissection of invertebrate hosts. The exposure of infected beetles to laboratory rats was performed to establish the life cycle. Out of 57 collected rats, three rats were infected with H. diminuta. Almost all exposed beetles found infected with the larval stage of parasite. About one-month later H. diminuta eggs were seen in stool examination of laboratory rats. Rare human occurrence of H. diminuta along with light level of clinical manifestation of this parasite, underestimate the concerns toward its public health importance. Nowadays, various field of studies, such as biochemistry with special focuses on the capability of H. diminuta tegument absorption have performed apart from parasitological views alone. In the present study, establishment of this parasite life cycle has practically provided the access of adult and cysticercoid stages of the tapeworm in further researches

Heavy worm burden of moniliformis moniliformis in urban rats with histopathological description

Due to scarcity of human reports, we took advantage of the heaviest infection of M. moniliformis in rats, to describe histopathological and microanatomical valuable useful keys while confronting human occurrences. Samples were obtained from captured rats in Tehran, capital of Iran, during two decades. Tissues sections were performed through hematoxylin and eosin staining to describe histopathological changes in rat's intestines. Totally, nine rats were found infected with M. moniliformis amongst 272 obtained rats. Heavy infection has been distinguished in 2 individuals with parasite burden of 141 and 73 adult worms. Cross sections of worms within the lumen show mucosal thickness, infiltration of eosinophilic leukocyte and increase in goblet cells. Beyond the uncommonness of human infection with M. moniliformis unintended infections should not be ignored. Abundance of rats and roaches as definite and intermediate hosts must be considered particularly in countries with poor hygiene

Identification of Leishmania species isolated from human cutaneous lesihmaniasis using PCR method

To determine the epidemiological status of cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreak, isolation and identification of the agent parasite, Leishmania, using PCR method in Gonbad-e Qabus County, north Iran, during 2006-2007. Data were collected on the prevalence of scars and ulcers over a period of 3 months among 6990 inhabitants of five villages around Gonbad-e Qabus County, north Iran, during 2006-2007. Cultured promastigotes were identified using PCR technique. Itsl and its2 of Non Coding Transcribed region at ribosomal DNA of 46 Leishmania isolates wre amplified and the PCR products were separated by electrophoresis in 1.5% agarose gel [200 mA, 140 V], visualized by staining with ethidium bromide, and photographed. Among 6990 inhabitants of 5 villages, 62.9% were identified as scars and 1.5% as active lesions, Individuals 11 to 20 years were the most highly infected age group. All the parasite isolates were Leishmania major. Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to L. major is endemic in Gonbad-e Qabus County, north Iran

[Various types of glomerulonephritis in children in south Iran]

Acute glomerulonephritis is a common renal disease in children. It can be primary disease or secondary to systemic diseases. Various forms of glomerulonephritis have different prevalence and prognosis in each region. The present study was designed for evaluation of prevalence of various types of glomerulonephritis in Iranian children, their prognosis and related factors. This study was done on 140 children with diagnosis of glomerulonephritis between 1981-2002. Data about their types of glomerulonephritis, prognosis and presentation were obtained by referring to patient's files. The patients were aged 2-18 years and girls were more. The most common type of glomerulonephritis was lupus nephritis [34.28%] that followed by MPGN [24.28%]. Twenty percent of patients was recovered, 19.2% hypertensive, 31.44% chronic renal failure and 5.7% dead. The most related factors were severe proteinuria, type of glomerulonephritis, sonography finding. Mean renal and patient survival was 56.6+ /- 3.09 and 90.09 +/- 4.4 months respectively. In evaluation of children with glomerulonephritis, we must consider prevalence of various types of glomerulonephritis in the region and factors related to prognosis. It also is important that prognosis is related to more than one factor

Foot drop in under training soldiers: report of 42 cases referred to Be'sat hospital between 2003-2000

Foot drop is a state that patient is unable to do dorsiflexion or extension of foot fingers. External pressure is the most important cause of this neuropathy. Among soldiers, following the heavy training, this complication may occur that cause frequent reference of soldiers to military hospitals wasting human force and economic load. Therefore, we decided to evaluate frequency of this disease and find methods to prevent. This study is a descriptive case series that was performed by studing hospital files of 42 patients during the years 2000 to 2003 and the data was analyzed by SPSS-11.5 sofware. Twenty-eight [66.66%] patients had training for one month, 12 patients had [28.57%] between 1-3 month and 2 patients had [4.77%] longer of 3 month. Six cases [14.29%] had complete injury and 36 cases had incomplete injury. Seven cases [16.67%] had complete recovery and 35 cases [83.33%] had incomplete injury and none had paralysis. Changes in NCV was detected but EMG was normal. Trauma following to military training probably due to squatting leads to foot drop

[Foot drop in under training soldiers: report of 42 cases referred to be'sat hospital between 2003-2000]

Background: Foot drop is a state that patient unable to be dorsiflexion or extension of foot fingers. External pressure is the most important cause of this neuropathy. Among soldiers, following the heavy training, this complication may occur that cause frequent reference of soldiers to military hospitals wasting human force and economic load. Therefore, we decided to evaluate frequency of this disease and find methods to prevent

Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive case series that performed by studing hospital files of 42 patients during the years 2000 to 2003 and the data was analyzed by SPSS-11.5 software

Results: Twenty-eight [66.66%] patients had training for one month, 12 patients had [28.57%] between 1-3 month and 2 patients had [4.77%] longer of 3 month. Six cases [14.29%] had complete injury and 36 cases had incomplete injury. Seven cases [16.67%] had complete recovery and 35 cases [83.33%] had incomplete injury and none had paralysis in any case didn't have. Changes in NCV was detected but EMG was Normal

Conclusions: Trauma following to military training probably due to squatting leads to foot drop