RESUMO
Severe mandibular deficiency may result in reduced oropharyngeal airway [OAW] dimensions and predispose patients to respiratory dysfunctions such as obstructive sleep apnea and snoring. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of functional treatment on anteroposterior and vertical dimensions of airway in skeletal class III patients with mandibular deficiency. This interventional study was done on lateral cephalogerams of 25 mandibular deficient patients with average 9.9 years of age who were treated with modified activator appliance. Digitized cephalograms were traced and analyzed by ViewBox version 3,1,1,3 cephalometric software. Paired t-test was performed to evaluate pre- and post-treatment data. Skeletal sagittal discrepancy was improved with decreasing ANB angle from 6.68 ° to 4.48° and increasing SNB angle from 74.48 ° to 76.78 ° [p<0.001]. Anteriorposterior dimensions of nasopharynx were increased from 19.64 to 21.52 mm [P=0/021], Anterior-posterior dimensions oforopharynx increased in AW2 and AW4 [p<0/05] but in AW3 increasing fromll.26 to 12.27 mm was not statistical significant [p=0.091]. Anterior-posterior dimensions of hypopharynx increased from 16.54 to 19.22 mm [p<0/001]. Vertical dimension of airway increased from 60.73 to 64.79 mm [p<0/05]. Treatment of mandibular deficient patients with functional appliances improved mandibular position as well as airway dimensions
RESUMO
Each group or nation should have its own cephalometric norms to be used in diagnosing and treatment planning of their malocclusions. There was no cephalometric norm available for Mashhad children and we had to use other nations' norms available in textbooks. The aim of this study was to determine the cephalometric norms of Mashhad children with normal occlusion to be used in diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic problems. This study was a cross-sectional and descriptive one done on 30 girls and 30 boys with normal occlusion. The mean age were 12 years, 4 months and 13 years, 4 months respectively by gender. The samples were selected randomly from 1940 guidance schools children of 4 different areas of Mashhad. These children and their parents were born there. Medical and dental histories, study casts and lateral cephalograms in natural head position were taken. Cephalograms were traced; SPSS software and Dahlberg formula were used, student T-test was done and results were extracted. The results of this investigation showed that in Mashhad children axial inclination of the lower anterior teeth is more prominent and the lower one-third of their facial height is more than northern European Caucasians. These variables are more in boys than in girls [P<0.05]. Regarding to the findings of this investigation which showed differences in dentofacial characteristics of Mashhad children in comparison northern European Caucasians, attention should be paid in diagnosis and treatment planning