Research progress of Posner-Schlossman syndrome / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Posner-Schlossman syndrome(PSS)is a sporadic and recurrent self-limiting anterior uveitis, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. It was considered to be a prostaglandin-mediated inflammatory response. In recent years, it has been found to be related to viral infection, immune genetics, vascular endothelial dysfunction, and other factors. Clinically, the disease is predominantly unilateral. The patients with PSS suffer from increased intraocular pressure, mild pain in the affected eye, as well as blurred vision, and irisopsia. Seldom damage to the optic nerve and visual field was reported. The commonly treatment of PSS is local medication, such as anti-inflammatory drugs and intraocular pressure lowering drugs; otherwise systemic medication can be employed in severe cases. Surgical treatment can be performed for PSS if uncontrolled intraocular pressure elevation, frequent attacks, and optic nerve damage and visual field defect due to prolonged disease course. Early diagnosis and treatment of PSS can effectively reduce glaucoma-related damages. This review discussed the research progress of PSS from various aspects, aiming to provide references for the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Expression and clinical significance of DCAF8 gene in multiple myeloma / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#［摘要］ 目的：寻找多发性骨髓瘤（MM）基因芯片数据集中的潜在致病基因、疾病诊断和预后相关因子并阐明其作用机制。 方法：获取基因芯片数据集GSE13591 和Zhan Myeloma，使用R 语言进行基因差异表达分析。对共同高表达基因进行Meta 分 析，得到P 值中位秩次TOP10 基因。CCLE 数据库分析TOP10 基因在各肿瘤细胞系中的mRNA表达情况，筛选出蛋白酶体通路 相关基因8（DCAF8）。cBioPortal 数据库中分析DCAF8 基因在各肿瘤细胞系的突变率。WB检测DCAF8 蛋白在骨髓瘤细胞系中 的表达情况。SPSS 和Graph Pad 软件分析DCAF8 表达量和MM患者临床特征之间的相关性，进行受试者工作特征曲线（ROC曲 线）绘制和生存分析。R语言Custer Profiler Package 和Metascape 数据库对DCAF8 互作蛋白基因和共表达基因进行GO和KEGG 功能富集分析。结果：数据集GSE13591 和Zhan Myeloma 的上调基因取交集得到477 个共同高表达基因。在合并数据集中对上 述基因进行Meta 分析，得到P 值中位秩次TOP10 基因，DCAF8 在MM细胞系中的平均表达水平最高。DCAF8 基因在浆细胞骨 髓瘤中的突变率位于各肿瘤细胞系的第一位。DCAF8 蛋白在多种MM细胞系中的表达量显著升高（P<0.01）。DCAF8 表达量与 MM患者的肿瘤负荷显著正相关，1q21 扩增阳性组的DCAF8 的表达量显著高于1q21 阴性组。ROC曲线显示DCAF8 的表达水平 可以很好地区分MM患者和正常人（P<0.01）。DCAF8 高表达组比DCAF8 低表达组中位生存时间显著缩短。蛋白互作网络显示 DCAF8 可与XPO1 蛋白直接相互作用。GO和KEGG功能富集分析结果表明，DCAF8 与蛋白酶体功能、剪切体活性、组蛋白乙酰 化酶活性、RNA转运等功能相关。结论：DCAF8 在MM中显著高表达，其表达水平可以很好地区分MM患者和正常人；其高表 达与MM患者的生存预后显著负相关，且与1q21 扩增和XPO1 蛋白相关。

A preliminary study of plasma microRNA levels in children with methylmalonic acidemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen out differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in the plasma of children with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), to determine the expression of miR-9-1 in plasma and to preliminarily evaluate the significance of miR-9-1 as a biomarker in MMA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Plasma was obtained from 17 MMA children, 10 hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) children without MMA (HHcy group), and 10 normal controls. Of 17 MMA children, 12 had HHcy (MMA+HHcy group), and 5 had no HHcy (MMA group). The differentially expressed miRNAs were screened out by miRNA microarray. Differentially expressed miR-9-1 was selected, and plasma miR-9-1 levels were determined by RT-PCR. Urine was collected from MMA patients who received vitamin B12 treatment, and plasma miR-9-1 levels were determined by RT-PCR after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The miRNA microarray analysis showed that 26 miRNAs were differentially expressed, among which 16 miRNAs (including miR-9-1) were down-regulated over 2 times, while 10 miRNAs were up-regulated over 2 times. The MMA+HHcy , MMA and HHcy groups had significantly down-regulated miR-9-1 compared with the normal control group (P<0.01). The patients who showed a good response to vitamin B12 treatment had significantly increased plasma miR-9-1 levels, without significant difference compared with the normal control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Plasma miR-9-1 is significantly down-regulated in MMA patients, but it is significantly up-regulated after vitamin B12 treatment, suggesting that miR-9-1 may act as a biomarker in monitoring the progression of MMA.</p>

Expression of recombinant VP2 gene in insect sf9 cells and screening of clinical specimens / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To clone and express VP, gene from HBoV, and the expressed VP, protein was as the antigen in order to detect serum from children in Wenling area with lower respiratory tract infections.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The VP, gene was recombined with the genome of Baculovirus, which infected the insect cell. The fusion protein with HA tag was applied to confirm the specificity of expressed protein. Furthermore, the recombinant protein was observed using electron microscopy. The 176 serum from children in Wenling area with lower respiratory tract infections was screened using Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressed VP2 protein was more than 60% in total proteins from insect cell, and MWt about 60 x 10(3). The virus-like particle (VLP) was observed using electron microscopy, and size about 20 nm. The 176 serum from children in wenling area with lower respiratory tract infections was screened using Western blot. The HBoV positive rate was 2.28% (4/176).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The VP2 protein from human bocavirus was expressed in insect cell successfully. Through HA tag the VP2 protein was specific, and then the assay using SDS-PAGE with Western blot could detect and screen the antibody in serum from children with lower respiratory tract infections rapidly and accurately.</p>

Isolation and cell culture of human bocavirus (HBoV) by human bronchial epithelial cell lines / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate pave a way for studying pathogenicty of HBoV.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Isolation and cell culture of HBoV by human bronchial epithelial cell line, which was founded in our laboratory. The morphology of the virus were primarily studied with a transmission electron microscope. In addition, transcript mRNA was detected in human bronchial epithelial cells, which was passaged and infected within HBoV, using the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The amplified products nucleotide sequence of HBoV were sequencing and sequence analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed after the aseptic residue of filtration of 2 case sputum specimens with HBoV, which was inoculated to the human bronchial epithelial cell line. The virus particles were observed in the cytoplasm, which were hexagonal or spherical in shape and 18-26 nm in diameter,bulk was 20 nm. cDNA amplicon obtained 295 bp fragment results of electrophoresis bands as same as NS1 region of the conserved matrix gene of publish sequence of HboV. PCR products nucleotide sequence of HboV were compared with corresponding HboV GeneBank sequences. The comparison/alignment and construction of phylogenetic trees also point to an affiliation of the parvovirus to the species HBoV.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Isolation and identification of HBoV could be done in the human bronchial epithelial cell, and we found some characterizing CPE in the human bronchial epithelial cell after HBoV infection. The above studies pave a way for studying pathogenicty of human bocavirus.</p>

Application of protein markers in combination with ThinPrep bronchial brush cytology in classification of lung cancer subtypes / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the value of application of cellular protein markers stained by immunocytochemistry in combination with ThinPrep bronchial brush cytology in classification of lung cancer subtypes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Remaining bronchial brush cytology samples from 206 lung cancer patients with positive cytological diagnosis and 45 fine needle aspiration samples of resected lung carcinomas were collected. The expressions of CK10/13, CK7, CK18, CD56 and SYN in those samples were detected by immunocytochemistry (ICC) using corresponding antibodies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity and specificity of CK10/13 were 94.7% and 72.0%, respectively, in diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. The sensitivity and specificity of CK7 were 98.6% and 61.5%, and those of CK18 were 98.6% and 37.5%, respectively, in diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. The sensitivity and specificity of CD56 were 86.3% and 82.9%, and those of SYN were 81.6% and 93.5%, respectively, in diagnosis of small cell lung cancer. No significant difference was found in the expressions of CK10/13, CK7 and CK18 protein markers among differently differentiated lung squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas (P > 0.05). The classification rate of cytology in combination with ICC in differential diagnosis for 44 cases of unclassified lung cancer reached 90.0% for squamous cell carcinoma, 96.3% for adenocarcinoma, and 100.0% for small cell lung carcinoma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Application of cellular protein markers in combination with ThinPrep bronchial brush cytology is helpful to improve the differential diagnosis of lung cancer subtypes, and may become a supplementary diagnostic method in subclassification of lung cancer.</p>

Inhibitory effects of antisense oligonucleotides on VEGF gene expression by human hepatocellular carcinoma cells / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the inhibitory effects of antisense oligonucleotides to different sequences on VEGF gene expression by human hepatoma cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SMMC7721 cells were cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions for 24 h, followed by being transfected with different antisense oligonucleotides (A06513 to cap structure, A06514 to translation initiation, A06515 to Exon-3 and A06516 to translation terminal). The total RNAs from the cells were extracted and the VEGF expression were examined with RT-PCR. The relative concentrations of VEGF transcripts in SMMC772 cells from different groups were determined using GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) cDNA as internal standard.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In response to the hypoxic challenge, SMMC7721 cells upregulated VEGF mRNA; Comparative to the control (no oligonucleotides), A06513, A06514, A06515, and A06516 had obvious sequence-specific inhibitory effect on VEGF gene expression, with the ratio of VEGF over GAPDH of 0.49+/-0.08, 0.71+/-0.12, 0.72+/-0.11 and 0.86+/-0.12, respectively (F=12.21, P< 0.05). A06513 showed the strongest inhibitory effect (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The antisense oligonucleotides complementary to VEGF cap structure, may become a potential alternative for antisense gene therapy of HCC.</p>