Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus in Comparison with Continuous Epidural Infusion for the Effects of Enhanced Recovery after Cesarean Section / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of programmed intermittent epidural bolus （PIEB） and continuous epidural infusion （CEI） on enhanced recovery after cesarean section. MethodsTotally 120 women scheduled to undergo elective cesarean section under combined spinal and epidural anesthesia， aged 18-45 years， with single fetus， full-term pregnancy （≥37 weeks）， ASA grade II or III， were recruited， with 60 cases in each group. At the end of the surgery， after a similar epidural loading dose， patients were randomLy assigned to receive either PIEB （6 mL·h-1 beginning 30 minutes after the loading dose） or CEI （6 mL·h-1， beginning immediately after the loading dose） for the maintenance of analgesia with 0.1% ropivacaine. At 2， 6， 12， 24 and 36 h postoperatively， VAS score was used to evaluate the composite pain， and Bromage Score was used to evaluate the degree of lower extremity motor block. The time to first flatus， time to first ambulation and the satisfaction scores were also recorded. ResultsThe VAS scores at 12， 24 and 36 h postoperatively and the lower extremity motor block scores at 6， 12 and 24 h postoperatively in the PIEB group were significantly lower than those in the CEI group （P < 0.01）. The epidural analgesic dosage was less in the PIEB group than that of the CEI group （P=0.002）. The time to first flatus and time to first ambulation were significantly shorter than those in the CEI group （P < 0.05）. The satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the PIEB group than in the CEI group （P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the first urination time after urinary catheter removal and the length of hospital stay between the two groups （P > 0.05）. ConclusionCompared with CEI， PIEB provides better postoperative analgesia， less motor block scores， lower epidural analgesic dosage， shorter the time to first flatus and defecation and time to first ambulation， and greater patient satisfaction， which is more consistent with the ERAS concept of analgesia.

Protective Mechanism of Cordyceps sinensis Treatment on Acute Kidney Injury-Induced Acute Lung Injury through AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate protective effect of Cordyceps sinensis (CS) through autophagy-associated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in acute kidney injury (AKI)-induced acute lung injury (ALI).@*METHODS@#Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups according to a random number table, including the normal saline (NS)-treated sham group (sham group), NS-treated ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) group (IRI group), and low- (5 g/kg·d) and high-dose (10 g/kg·d) CS-treated IRI groups (CS1 and CS2 groups), 12 rats in each group. Nephrectomy of the right kidney was performed on the IRI rat model that was subjected to 60 min of left renal pedicle occlusion followed by 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of reperfusion. The wet-to-dry (W/D) ratio of lung, levels of serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin- β and tumor necrosis factor- α, and biomarkers of oxidative stress such as superoxide dismutase, malonaldehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), were assayed. Histological examinations were conducted to determine damage of tissues in the kidney and lung. The protein expressions of light chain 3 II/light chain 3 I (LC3-II/LC3-I), uncoordinated-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), P62, AMPK and mTOR were measured by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively.@*RESULTS@#The renal IRI induced pulmonary injury following AKI, resulting in significant increases in W/D ratio of lung, and the levels of Scr, BUN, inflammatory cytokines, MDA and MPO (P<0.01); all of these were reduced in the CS groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the IRI groups, the expression levels of P62 and mTOR were significantly lower (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while those of LC3-II/LC3-I, ULK1, and AMPK were significantly higher in the CS2 group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#CS had a potential in treating lung injury following renal IRI through activation of the autophagy-related AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in AKI-induced ALI.

Mechanism of Modified Liuwei Dihuangtang in Bone Protection of CKD-MBD Model Rats： An Exploration Based on Klotho-FGF23 Axis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effects of modified Liuwei Dihuangtang on serum fibroblast growth factor 23 （FGF23）， full-length intact parathyroid hormone （iPTH）， and 1，25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃［1，25（OH）₂D₃］ levels and Klotho and FGF23 protein expression in renal and bone tissues of rats exposed to high phosphorus combined with adenine， so as to explore the mechanism of modified Liuwei Dihuangtang against renal osteopathy. Method:One hundred and thirty healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into five groups， namely normal group（<italic>n</italic>=10），high phosphorus group（<italic>n</italic>=30），model group（<italic>n</italic>=30），modified Liuwei Dihuangtang group（<italic>n</italic>=30） ， and calcitriol group（<italic>n</italic>=30），and rats in each group were further classified based on three time points， namely 8，10， and 12 weeks. Rats in the normal group were fed with normal diet， the ones in the high phosphorus group with high phosphorus diet， and those in the other groups with adenine and high phosphorus diet for inducing renal osteopathy. Rats in the normal group，high phosphorus group， and model group were intragastrically administered with distilled water （10 mL·kg^-1·d^-1），the ones in the modified Liuwei Dihuangtang group with modified Liuwei Dihuangtang （2.556 g·kg^-1·d^-1） ， and those in the calcitriol group with calcitriol （0.09 μg·kg^-1·d^-1）. Result:Compared with the normal group and high phosphorus group at the weeks of 8，10 and 12，the model group displayed significantly elevated blood urea nitrogen（BUN），serum creatinine（SCr），serum phosphorus，iPTH，FGF23，renal interstitial fibrosis score， and FGF23 expression in renal and bone tissues， but lowered serum calcium and 1，25（OH）₂D₃ and Klotho protein expression in renal and bone tissues（<italic>P</italic><0.05 ，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group at the weeks of 8，10 and 12， the modified Liuwei Dihuangtang and calcitriol both significantly decreased the serum BUN，SCr，serum phosphorus，iPTH， FGF23， tubulointerstitial semi-quantitative score， and FGF23 expression in renal and bone tissues， while increased the serum calcium，1，25（OH）₂D₃， and Klotho protein expression in renal and bone tissues （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. There was no significant difference in the above-mentioned indexes between the modified Liuwei Dihuangtang group and the calcitriol group at the same time point. Conclusion:Klotho-FGF23 axis is probably involved in renal osteopathy. The modified Liuwei Dihuangtang effectively improves renal function，alleviates pathological changes in renal and bone tissues，and regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism to protect the bone， which is related to its regulation of Klotho-FGF23 axis.

Bibliometric Analysis of Research Hotspots Related to Marine Oil Spill Accidents in the Environmental Field Based on Web of Science / 法医学杂志

Objective To conduct bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature in the environmental field published from 1982 to 2018 collected by the Web of Science citation database and further explore the frontier research dynamics and hotspots in the environmental field. Methods The word "oil spill*" was used as the subject term for retrieval. A knowledge map of hotspots in oil spill research was built through software VOSviewer and the clustering relations between them were explored. The frequency and relevance of the keywords in the corresponding literature were obtained by the matrix of keywords built through the Thomson Data Analyzer （TDA） software. Results The four main research hotspots of marine oil spill pollution were oil spill numerical simulation and model prediction, oil spill exposure toxicity and risk assessment, oil spill component and source analysis and oil spill pollution characteristics and treatment. Conclusion The study analyzes the main content of the four research hotspots and the current research progress and provides scientific basis for further understanding of the mechanism of marine oil spill occurrence, migration and transformation, implementation of oil spill treatment and repair as well as more accurate assessment of eco-environment damage.

Research Progres on Relationship between the Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Cytomegalovirus Infection--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the treatment of leukemia patients can improve overall survival and disease-free survival, and reduce relapse. Although the allo-HSCT is more widely used in the treatment of leukemia, but the graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are the common complications, and are the major cause of mortality for patients following allo-HSCT. Previous studies showed that there might be a mutual promotive relationship between GVHD and CMV infection, but the clear relationship remained to be elucidated. The relationship of GVHD and CMV has been the focus of clinical research. Recently, a great progress has been made on researches of the relationship and its mechanism between GVHD and CMV infection. In this article, the relationship and its mechanism between GVHD and CMV infection after allo-HSCT are reviewed.

Brain Protection of Muscone in Rats with Brain Injury / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe cerebral protective effect of muscone (nasal administration) on traumatic brain injury model rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SD rats were divided into the sham-operation group, the model group, and the treatment groups according to random digit table, 50 in each group. Traumatic brain injury model was established by controlled cortical strike. Rats in the sham-operation group received surgery and anesthesia procedures only, with no strike. Muscone (1.8 mg/kg) was delivered to rats in the treatment group using in situ nasal perfusion, 30 min each time, twice daily for 7 successive days. Water content of brain tissue was detected in each group before intervention (T1), at day 3 of intervention (T2), day 5 of intervention (T3), and after intervention (T4), respectively. Expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were detected using immunohistochemical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the sham-operated group, water content of brain tissue increased (P < 0.05), and expression levels of NGF and BDNF decreased in the model group at T1, T2, T3, and T4 (P <0. 01). Compared with the model group, water content of brain tissue decreased (P < 0.05), and expression levels of NGF and BDNF increased (P < 0.01) in the treatment group at T1, T2, and T3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nasal administration of muscone could reduce water content of brain tissue, alleviate cerebral edema, promote secretion of BDNF and NGF by olfactory ensheathing cells in traumatic brain injury rats.</p>

Mechanism of inhibitory effect of miRNA-33a on proliferation of HCT-116 cells / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To explore the mechanism of chemically synthesized miRNA-33a inhibiting proliferation activity of colon cancer cells HCT-116. MethodsHCT-116 cells were transfected with miRNA-33a mimics, miRNA-33a inhibitor and miRNA-33a negative control (NC). The contents of miRNA-33a in the transfected cells and changes of Twist protein expression were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting respectively 48 hours after transfection; the changes in cell proliferation activity were measured using CCK-8 method 72 hours after transfection. Bioinformatic software was used to predict the binding site of miRNA-33a with Twist, and a luciferase reporter method was used to verify whether there is the target site of miRNA-33a in Twist gene. Results Transfection of HCT-116 cells with miRNA-33a mimics significantly increased miRNA-33a mRNA and decreased Twist protein expression (P<0.05), but the transfection with miRNA-33a inhibitor significantly decreased miRNA-33a mRNA and increased Twist protein expression (P<0.05); moreover, miRNA-33a mimics significantly inhibited proliferation activity of HCT-116 cells and miRNA-33a inhibitor significantly enhanced cell proliferation activity 48 and 72h after transfection compared with the control group (P<0.05). The binding site of miRNA-33a in targeting gene Twist was successfully predicted and verified. Conclusion miRNA-33a inhibits the proliferation activity in HCT-116 cells by silencing the expression of its target gene Twist.

Recent research progress on the relation of B-ALL associated cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities with B-ALL prognosis / 中国实验血液学杂志

In recent years, standardized treatment based on the risk stratification has been applied to clinical diagnosis and treatment of leukemia, which significantly improves the remission rate of ALL. However, relapse after remission remains an important challenge for long term efficacy. Chromosomal karyotype analysis is often used clinically to study the genetic features of ALL. As leukemia-specific markers, the cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities can be used to evaluate prognosis and make an effective and optimal therapy. Furthermore, they are also used to track minimal residual disease. Therefore, the cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities may become a monitor and a new target for the treatment of leukemia. This review briefly introduces the structure and physiological function of B-ALL associated cytogenetic and molecular genetic abnormalities, focusing on their prognostic effect on B-ALL.

Effect of fermented cordyceps powder and prednisone on the Notch2/Hes-1 signaling activation in the kidney tubules of rats with acute aristolochic acid nephropathy / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of both fermented Cordyceps powder (CS) and prednisone on the Notch2/hes-1 signaling activation in the kidney tubules of rats with acute aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAAN).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e., the normal group, the model group, the CS group, the prednisone group, and the CS plus prednisone group, 10 in each group. The AAAN rat model was induced by intragastric administration of pure aristolochic acid A at the daily dose of 100 mg/kg for 3 days. Rats in the CS group were administered with CS at the daily dose of 5.0 g/kg by gastrogavage, while those in the prednisone group were administered with prednisone at the daily dose of 0.5 mg/kg. Rats in the CS plus prednisone group were treated by CS and prednisone. All treatment lasted for 3 successive weeks. Kidney functions [urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr)] were detected. The pathological changes of kidneys were observed by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. The apoptosis of the renal tubular epithelial cells was detected by TUNEL. The protein expressions of Notch2 and Hes-1 in the renal tissue were detected by immunohistochemical assay and Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Results of HE staining showed the structure in the nephridial tissue was regular in rats of the normal group. The renal tubular necrosis occurred in the rats of the model group. The pathological changes of kidneys were obviously improved in the CS group, the prednisone group, and the CS plus prednisone group. Compared with the normal group, levels of BUN and SCr, semi-quantitative score of the tubular interstitial tissue, ratio of apoptotic cells, and expressions of Notch2 and Hes-1 proteins significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the aforesaid indices significantly decreased in the 3 treatment groups (P < 0.01). All indices decreased most obviously in the CS plus prednisone group (P < 0.05, P < 0. 01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Notch2/hes-1 signaling activation might be associated with apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells. Both CS and prednisone could play a nephroprotective role for AAAN. But CS plus prednisone could achieve the best effect. Inhabiting the Notch2/hes-1 signaling activation could be its nephroprotective mechanism.</p>

Effect of anti-ICOS monoclonal antibody combined with low-dose CsA on chronic rejection of heart grafts in rats / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect of anti-inducible costimulator monoclonal antibody (anti-ICOS-Ab) combined with low-dose cyclosporine (CsA) on the survival quality and chronic rejection of heart allografts in rats.@*METHODS@#The rats' heterotopic cardiac transplantation model was established by Ono's method. The recipient rats were randomly divided into an isotransplantation control group and an allotransplantation experiment group. The experiment group was re-classified into a placebo group, a normal-dose CsA group, an anti-ICOS-Ab group, a low-dose CsA group, and an anti-ICOS-Ab combined with low-dose CsA group. The survival time of grafts was monitored. The cardiac grafts were harvested for histological analysis. Flow cytometric analysis was employed to detect the population of CD25+CD4+ in peripheral lymphocytes from recipients with a long-term surviving graft.@*RESULTS@#The survival time of the cardiac allografts in CsA-treated groups was significantly longer than that in placebo group (P0.05). Compared with the normal-dose CsA group, the chronic rejection lesions of the anti-ICOS-Ab combined with low-dose CsA treatment group significantly were alleviated in the long-term survival grafts, and the proportion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell increased in peripheral blood.@*CONCLUSION@#The anti-ICOS-Ab combined with low-dose CsA can prolong the survival of cardiac allografts and alleviate the chronic rejection significantly. The high expression level of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell is beneficial to the long-term survival of grafts.

Urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid variation in benzene exposed / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) variation in the benzene dynamic exposed rat models and benzene exposed workers, and study the feasibility of use of urinary S-PMA as the biomarker in benzene exposed.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In an animal model study, forty-eight adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group, low-dose group, middle-dose group and high-dose group. The exposed groups were dynamically exposed for 28 days (4 periods) by benzene and the concentration was monitored. The urine was immediately collected after every exposure period and detected by the liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometry methods. In a cohort study, eighty benzene exposed workers in a ship-yard in Guangzhou were selected as the exposed subjects while forty healthy officers in the same shipyard who were not occupationally exposed to benzene were treated as the control. The urine was collected after work shift. The urinary S-PMA and the benzene in the workplace was treated as the rat model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the animal model study, the urinary S-PMA increased along with the environment benzene in every period and had significantly difference in the different exposed groups (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), but did not change along with the exposed time course (P > 0.05). In the cohort study, the urinary S-PMA in the high-dose group [(27.2 +/- 7.9)microg/L] was significantly higher than the low-dose group [(13.6 +/- 3.4)microg/L] (P < 0.01). Otherwise, the background of urinary S-PMA was lower than 5microg/L in both workers and rat models.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The urinary S-PMA can be proposed as a sensitive biomarker of occupational benzene exposure.</p>

Study of the SH3-domain GRB2-like 2 gene expression in laryngeal carcinoma / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Laryngeal carcinoma is a common malignant tumor of the upper respiratory tract, and in 95% of cases the tumor is laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). The abnormity of SH3-domain GRB2-like 2 (SH3GL2) gene was found in LSCC. In order to clarify the relationship between SH3GL2 gene and LSCC, we evaluated the expression of the SH3GL2 gene in LSCC.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression and find the various rules of SH3GL2 gene in LSCC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The result of real-time PCR showed that the expression level of SH3GL2 mRNA in LSCC tissue was apparently down-regulated; immunohistochemical analysis showed that SH3GL2 protein was mainly located in cytoplasm, the rate of positive cells and SH3GL2 protein expression level were fluctuated with the pathological classification of LSCC; the result of Western blotting showed that SH3GL2 protein was down-regulated significantly in LSCC samples, especially in metastatic lymph nodes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These results suggest that SH3GL2 is a LSCC related gene and its expression level is fluctuated with the pathological classification which indicate that SH3GL2 participates in the development and progression of LSCC. And it may be considered as a novel tumor marker to find both a new anti-oncogene and relative factors of invasion and metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma.</p>

Effect of mono and combination therapy with FTY720 and ICAM-1 mAb for mouse-to-rat cardiac xenotransplantation / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of FTY720 and ICAM-1 mAb mono and combination therapy in mouse-to-rat cardiac xenotransplantation.@*METHODS@#Cardiac xenotransplantation was performed in abdominal site with micro-surgical technique. Recipients with xenografts were treated with different doses of FTY720 and/or ICAM-1 mAb. Graft survival, histopathology, infiltration of CD4+, and CD8+ T cells and levels of serum IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IgM were investigated.@*RESULTS@#Survival time of xenografts was (2.75+/- 0.43)d in the controls, survival of grafts treated with ICAM-1 mAb did not significantly improve. Treatment with large dose FTY720 led to a survival of (4.25+/- 0.71)d (P<0.01). Combination therapy with large dose FTY720 and ICAM-1 mAb achieved a significant prolongation of graft survival with (10.25+/- 2.12)d (P<0.01). Levels of serum IL-2, IFN-gamma and rat-anti-mouse IgM decreased in the combined therapy group. Pathologic lesion and infiltration of T cells in xenografts showed mitigated in the large dose combined therapy group. There was a significant negative correlation between the antibody level and the graft survival time (R=-0.754, P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The combined therapy of FTY720 and ICAM-1 mAb can achieve a significant effect in the prolongation of heart xenograft survival and inhibition of xenoantibodies.

Immune tolerance induced by combined heart-thymus transplantation for heart allograft in rats / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the role of combined heart-thymus transplantation for heart allograft in rats.@*METHODS@#Vascularized heart-thymus combined transplantation was performed with microsurgical technique. Graft survival, histopathology, infiltration of CD4+, CD8+ T cells, level and mRNA expressions of IL-2 and IL-4 in the serum and cardiac grafts were investigated.@*RESULTS@#Heart allograft in the controls had a survival time of (6.0+/-0.76) d. heart-thymus combined transplantation in non-thymectomized rats had a survival time of (6.88+/-0.64)d (P<0.05). Heart-thymus combined transplantation in thymectomized rats led to an evident survival time of (14.13+/-5.82)d (P<0.01) for cardiac graft, which further obtained long term survival after short course of treatment with cyclosporine. Pathologic lesion and infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in cardiac grafts showed mitigated in the long term survival group. IL-2 level in the serum and cardiac grafts maintained low level in the long term survival group, whereas IL-4 maintained high level.@*CONCLUSION@#Whether thymectomized or not in recipient rats, heart-thymus combined transplantation has a positive effect to protect cardiac graft. Furthermore, in thymectomized rats heart-thymus combined transplantation may lead to evident survival prolongation of the heart grafts, which induces immune tolerance in short course of treatment with cyclosporine.

Diterpenoids from bulbus of Fritillaria monanth / 药学学报

To study the chemical constituents of Fritillaria monanth Migo, the constituents were separated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel, and the structures were identified by NMR, MS spectral data. Six compounds were isolated and identified as ent-kauran-15-en-17-ol (I), entkauran-15-en-3alpha, 17-diol (II), fritillaziebinol (III), ent-kauran-16a, 17-diol (IV), ent-kauran-3alpha, 16alpha,17-triol (V), ent-16,17-epoxy-kauran-3alpha-ol (VI). All the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time, and VI is named as ent-16,17-epoxy-kauran-3alpha-ol, which is a new compound.

Novel partners of S100A8 identified in laryngeal cancer cell lines / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore mechanism of S100A8 in the oncogenesis and development of laryngeal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Proteins interacting with S100A8 were isolated from laryngeal cancer cell lines Hep-2 by immunoprecipitation assay with anti-S100A8 antibody. The target bands were cut out and identified by maxtrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF). The peptide mass fingerprinting data of the proteins identified were analyzed based on the Mascot database. The NF-kappa B binding sites of the proteins were predicted by P-Match software. The binding ability of one of the proteins to S100A8 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and immunocytochemistry methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four proteins interacting with S100A8 were obtained, which were hypothetical protein LOC80154, MHC class I HLA-B, similar to T-box 1 isoform C and sarcolemmal associated protein 1. The four genes were predicted to have NF-kappa B binding sites. MHC class I HLA-B, which is one of targets in NF-kappa B pathway, was first confirmed to have the binding ability to S100A8.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The novel partners of S100A8 identified in the study might be involved in NF-kappa B pathway. The binding ability of MHC class I HLA-B to S100A8 implies that S100A8 might function as a new member with other proteins including HLA-B in NF-kappa B pathway. These findings provide a new clue to further study on the molecular mechanism of S100A8 in the genesis of laryngeal carcinomas.</p>

Immune tolerance induced by combined heart-thymus transplantation with intrathymic inoculation of thymocytes in rats / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the role of allo heart and thymus transplantation by intrathymic inoculation of thymocytes.@*METHODS@#Wistar recipients were given intrathymic injection of allo thymocytes (2 x 10(7)) 14 days before the heart and/or thymus transplantation. Graft survival, histopathology, levels and mRNA expressions of IL-2, IL-4 in serum and cardiac-grafts were investigated.@*RESULTS@#Heart transplantation and heart-thymus composite transplantation with the treatment of CysA for 7 or 14 days prolonged graft survival. Heart transplantation and heart-thymus composite transplantation with intrathymic thymocytes injection induced the long-term survival of allo-grafts transiently immunosuppressed with CysA; IL-4 maintained at high levels but IL-2 kept at low levels in grafts in long-term survivals.@*CONCLUSION@#Intrathymic inoculation of allo thymoctyes can induce immune tolerance for both cardiac transplantation and heart-thymus combined transplantation in rats. Thymus graft may play a role in the induction and maintenance of central tolerance.

Average-12.9 chromosome imbalances coupling with 15 differential expression genes possibly involved in the carcinogenesis, progression and metastasis of supraglottic laryngeal squamous cell cancer / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>With the objective of discovering novel putative chromosomal regions and special genes involved in the carcinogenesis, progression and metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DNA copy profile of LSCC were obtained and analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and a computerized digital image analysis system. cDNA microarray of LSCC was performed and the profile was analyzed by Hierarchical clustering.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CGH analysis showed average-12.9 gains and losses of chromosomes in LSCC. Relatively high frequencies of gains were found at 3q15-21 (14/18), 5p12-13 (11/18), 8q22-24 (6/18), 11q12-13 (8/18), 15q21-23 (7/18) and 18p11 (8/18), while those of losses at 1p13-21 (8/18), 3p21-23 (14/18), 5q21-22 (14/18), 9p12-pter (11/18) and 13q21-31 (8/18). Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were segregated into three groups. Three genes differentially expressed in process I (normal tissue to cancer) and process II (cancer to lymph node metastasis), and the Cy5/Cy3 ratios of twelve genes were either higher than 5.0 or lower than 0.2 in process I or process II. The fifteen special genes were first reported possibly to be the relationships with LSCC. In particular, 4 genes of them, which were cytochrome C oxidase Va, PPBP, EPHX2 and PON1, were first reported to correlate with tumorigenesis. SH3GL2, which was one of the 15 special genes, was located at one of the special chromosome regions, 9p12-pter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The important genes and special chromosomal aberrances might provide us a clue for further investigation of carcinogenesis, progression and metastasis in LSCC.</p>

Mutation of p53 and overexpression of STK15 in laryngeal squamous-cell carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between p53 gene mutations and STK15 abnormal expression in the development of human laryngeal squamous-cell carcinoma (LSCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>LSCC tissues and matched normal tissues were taken during operation from 55 patients without previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Following polymerase chain reaction amplification direct sequencing single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) combined with silver staining were used to detect mutations of p53 gene in exons 7 and 8 (p53E7 and p53E8) using genomic DNA from 110 specimens including 55 LSCC tissues and 55 matched normal tissues. STK15 expression were evaluated by RT-PCR with beta-actin as internal control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mutation rate of p53E7 was 30.9% (compared to normal tissues, chi(2) = 8.66, P < 0.01). There was no mutation in p53E8. In 38 of the 55 cases (69.1%), the STK15 mRNA expression level was higher than that of the paired normal tissue. The STK15 to beta-actin ratio of average density value was 1.22 +/- 0.49 in the cancer tissue, and 0.99 +/- 0.54 in the normal tissues (t = 4.539, P < 0.01). In 14 of the 17 cases (82.4%) with p53E7 mutations, the STK15 expression was higher than that of normal tissue. In the 38 cases with STK15 over-expression, p53E7 mutation was found in 14 cases (36.8%). The rate of concurrence of p53E gene mutations and STK15 over-expression (25.5%) was higher than that of only p53E gene mutations (chi(2) = 26.025, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is significant association between p53 gene mutation and STK15 over-expression in laryngeal squamous-cell carcinoma.</p>