RESUMO
Objective:To compare the serum prolactin level in hyperthyroid and normal control females. Hyperthyroidism is a mutual disease. Even though a direct relation has been demonstrated amid hypothyroidism and increased prolactin levels, this association has not been established for hyperthyroidism
Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study was carried out on cases and control groups. To select the cases, all women referred to the laboratories of Saudi National Hospital with a thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] level 0.5 mIU/L and met the inclusion criteria were entered in the study. A total of 62 women aged 16 to 49 years were enrolled. The case group included 24 hyperthyroid women, and the control group included 38 women with normal thyroid function matched by age
Results: The mean [SD] serum level of prolactin was 16.4 [0.96] ng/mL [95% confidence interval [CI], 15.39 ng/mL to 15.69 ng/mL] in the controls and 23.02 [1.47] ng/mL [95% CI, 22.7 ng/mL to 23.4 ng/mL] in the case subjects. Hyperprolactinemia was more common in the hyperthyroid group [16.4 [0.96] ng/mL versus 23.02 [1.47] ng/mL; P<.001]. The prolactin level decreased with age. Hyperthyroidism and estradiol increased the prolactin level. After adjusting for age and estradiol, hyperthyroidism increased the serum prolactin level [P<.001]
Conclusion: The outcomes of the present study showed that hyperprolactinemia is more frequent in hyperthyroid females. Serum prolactin level can be increased in hyperthyroidism
RESUMO
Background: Heavy alcohol consumption is an inevitable cause of alcoholic liver disease with a high chance to progress to Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis. Alcohol could damage the function of body organs and could cause cancer. Liver damage due to excessive alcohol consumption is usually presented as fatty liver [build-up of fats in the liver], steatohepatitis, fibrosis, alcoholic cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. When liver fibrosis progresses, it will ultimately end up as alcoholic cirrhosis
Objective of the Study: This article was intended to explore and investigate the possible optimal diagnosis and management of Alcoholic liver cirrhosis
Methods: We searched the medical literatures to retrieve studies for the review till 30 November 2017. Electronic search in the scientific database from 1965 to 2017- [Medline, Embase. The Cochrane Library websites were searched for English Publications [both reprint requests and by searching the database]. Data extracted included authors, country, year of publication, characteristics of patients, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, different diagnostic approaches and treatment modalities
Conclusion: Absolute abstinence remains the foundation for any treatment of any acute or chronic Alcoholic Liver Disease. It's also important to understand that no treatment will cure cirrhosis or repair scarring in the liver that has already occurred and the only resort would be liver transplantation which is also debatable provided the complications it carries along. Nevertheless, timely diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis in people with alcoholic liver disease is the cornerstone for evaluation of prognosis or choosing treatment strategies such as nutritional and medical support and lifestyle change
RESUMO
Background: Heavy alcohol consumption is an inevitable cause of alcoholic liver disease with a high chance to progress to Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis. Alcohol could damage the function of body organs and could cause cancer. Liver damage due to excessive alcohol consumption is usually presented as fatty liver [build-up of fats in the liver], steatohepatitis, fibrosis, alcoholic cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. When liver fibrosis progresses, it will ultimately end up as alcoholic cirrhosis
Objective of the Study: This article was intended to explore and investigate the possible optimal diagnosis and management of Alcoholic liver cirrhosis
Methods: We searched the medical literatures to retrieve studies for the review till 30 November 2017. Electronic search in the scientific database from 1965 to 2017- [Medline, Embase. The Cochrane Library websites were searched for English Publications [both reprint requests and by searching the database] .Data extracted included authors, country, year of publication, characteristics of patients, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, different diagnostic approaches and treatment modalities
Conclusion: Absolute abstinence remains the foundation for any treatment of any acute or chronic Alcoholic Liver Disease. It's also important to understand that no treatment will cure cirrhosis or repair scarring in the liver that has already occurred and the only resort would be liver transplantation which is also debatable provided the complications it carries along. Nevertheless, timely diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis in people with alcoholic liver disease is the cornerstone for evaluation of prognosis or choosing treatment strategies such as nutritional and medical support and lifestyle change
RESUMO
Background: C-reactive protein [CRP] and procalcitonin [PCT] are useful diagnostic tools used to estimate the risk of bacterial infection and the severity of the infection. The accurate diagnosis of bacterial infection is crucial to avoid unnecessary antibiotic use and to focus on the appropriate therapy
Aim of the work: This study aimed to summarize the sensitivity and specificity of both PCT and CRP and their serum levels as markers in bacterial infection
Methods: Scientific websites were used to search for articles such as Pubmed and Google Scholar. Several keywords were used to obtain all possible articles about the subject
Conclusion: Overall accuracy of PCT markers is higher than that of CRP markers in differentiation of bacterial infections