Antibacterial activity of herbal extracts against multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli recovered from retail chicken meat

Increasing incidence rate of multiple drug resistance in Escherichia coli [E. coli] due to extensive uses of antibiotics is a serious challenge to disease treatment. Contaminated retail chicken meat is one of the major sources of spread of multi drug resistant [MDR] E. coli. Current study has been conducted to study the prevalence of MDR E. coli in retail chicken meat samples from Lahore city of Pakistan and it was found that 73.86% of E. coli isolates have MDR pattern. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of crude ethanolic extracts of six herbs against MDR E. coli phenotypes has revealed that clove and cinnamon have maximum zones of inhibition as compared to other herbal extracts. Mint and coriander gave the intermediate results while garlic and kalonji showed the least antibacterial activity against the MDR E. coli phenotypes using the agar well diffusion technique. Average Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations [MICs] for clove, mint, cinnamon, coriander, kalonji and garlic extracts were 1.15, 1.38, 0.5, 1.99, 2.41, 8.60mg/mL respectively using the broth micro dilution method. The results obtained in present study were revealed that crude ethanol extracts of selected herbs have had significant antibacterial activity. Hence they can be used as promising alternatives of antimicrobials against MDR E. coli species and can be used for cooked food preservation

Isolation identification and control of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

PakisVancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus [VRSA] has been reported from many parts of the world including Asian countries. Hence, main objective of study was to evaluate the possible occurrence of VRSA in hospitals of Lahore city and to ensure the effectiveness of various substitute therapeutic options. A total of 150 samples of pus/wounds were collected from three hospitals of the city and VRSA were isolated and confirmed through recommended method of Clinical and Laboratory St and ards Institute. Out of 51 [49.04%] methicillin resistant S.aureus [MRSA] isolates, 5 [9.8%] were found resistant to vancomycin. Minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of Linezolid [LZD], Moxifloxacin [MFX] and Clindamycin [CD] were calculated against VRSA isolates by broth microdilution test. All 5 [100%] isolates were susceptible to Linezolid and Clindamycin, while 4 [80%] were susceptible to Moxifloxacin. Ethanolic extracts of Turmeric, Mint, Cori and er, Garlic, Kalonji, Cinnamon and Cloves illustrate average MIC values of 140.8µg/ml, 563.2µg/ml, 486.4µg/ml, 614.4µg/ml, 409.6µg/ml, 281.6µg/ml and 64µg/ml, respectively against 5 VRSA strains. Concentration dependent increase in growth inhibition zones of ethanolic plant extract was recorded by agar well diffusion test. This study was helpful to find out the effective antibiotic against VRSA. Plant extracts encompass anti-staphylococcal activity and this finding dem and s necessity of further exploration of potential found in these natural herb.