Clinical efficacy of combined therapy in children with stage 4 neuroblastoma / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the early clinical efficacy of combined therapy of stage 4 neuroblastoma.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data and follow-up data of 14 children with stage 4 neuroblastoma who were diagnosed in Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital from January 2016 to June 2021.@*RESULTS@#The median age of onset was 3 years and 7.5 months in these 14 children. Among these children, 9 had positive results of bone marrow biopsy, 4 had N-Myc gene amplification, 13 had an increase in neuron-specific enolase, and 7 had an increase in vanilmandelic acid in urine. Based on the results of pathological examination, differentiated type was observed in 6 children, undifferentiated type in one child, mixed type, in one child and poorly differentiated type in 6 children. Of all the children, 10 received chemotherapy with the N7 regimen (including 2 children receiving arsenic trioxide in addition) and 4 received chemotherapy with the Rapid COJEC regimen. Thirteen children underwent surgery, 14 received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and 10 received radiotherapy. A total of 8 children received Ch14.18/CHO immunotherapy, among whom 1 child discontinued due to anaphylactic shock during immunotherapy, and the other 7 children completed Ch14.18/CHO treatment without serious adverse events, among whom 1 child was treated with Lu177 Dotatate 3 times after recurrence and is still undergoing chemotherapy at present. The median follow-up time was 45 months for all the 14 children. Four children experienced recurrence within 2 years, and the 2-year overall survival rate was 100%; 4 children experienced recurrence within 3 years, and 7 achieved disease-free survival within 3 years.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Multidisciplinary combined therapy is recommended for children with stage 4 neuroblastoma and can help them achieve better survival and prognosis.

Therapeutic Effect of Imatinib Made in Real World to Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic imatinib (made in China) in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia chronic phase(CML-CP).@*METHODS@#Fifty-seven newly diagnosed CML-CP patients who did not receive any other anti-CML treatment were treated by domestic imatinib 400 mg once a day. The hematological, cytogenetic and molecular reactions and safety were observed and evaluated after 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment.@*RESULTS@#Fifty-six patients were treated for ≥3 and 6 months, among which 50 patients were treated for ≥12 months. After 3 months of treatment, 49 patients underwent hematological examination, 47 patients (95.9%) achieved complete hematological response (CHR), 49 patients underwent cytogenetic examination, 39 patients (79.6%) achieved major cytogenetic response (MCyR), and 12 patients (24.5%) achieved complete cytogenetic response (CCyR). 49 patients underwent the level of BCR-ABL test, including 41 patients (83.7%) with BCR-ABL@*CONCLUSION@#In the real world, Domestics imatinib mesylate is effective and safe in the treatment of newly diagnosed CML-CP patients, but long-term follow-up data are still necessary to verify its long-term efficacy.

Amplification of Extrachromosomal Oncogene and Tumorigenesis and Development / 中国肺癌杂志

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) is a small segment of circular DNA located outside the chromosome, which has the function of self-replication. Recently, amplification of oncogenes on ecDNA has been proved to be a common phenomenon in tumor cells, and has some characteristics worth studying, such as correlation with patients' poor prognosis. Multiple chromosomal events are involved in the formation of ecDNA, and its amplification can directly increase the number of DNA copies of extra-chromosomal oncogenes and accelerate the generation and development of tumors. Moreover, the segregation pattern of unequal transmission of parental ecDNA cells to offspring not only increases tumor heterogeneity, but also enhances tumor adaptation to environment and response to therapy. This article reviews the current status and potential significance of ecDNA in tumor cells.
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Curcumin Reverses 5-Fluorouracil Resistance by Promoting Human Colon Cancer HCT-8/5-FU Cell Apoptosis and Down-regulating Heat Shock Protein 27 and P-Glycoprotein / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the potential mechanisms that curcumin reverses 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) multidrug resistance (MDR).@*METHODS@#Cell growth and the inhibitory rate of curcumin (2-25 μg/mL) and/or 5-FU (0.05-1000 μg/mL) on human colon cancer HCT-8 and HCT-8/5-FU (5-FU-resistant cell line) were determined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle after 5-FU and/or curcumin treatment were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The expression of the multidrug resistance related factors p-glycoprotein (P-gp) and heat shock protein 27 (HSP-27) genes and proteins were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB), respectively.@*RESULTS@#The inhibitory rate of curcumin or 5-FU on HCT-8 and HCT-8/5-FU cells proliferation at exponential phase were in a dosedependent manner, HCT-8 cell line was more sensitive to curcumin or 5-FU when compared the inhibitory rate of HCT-8/5-FU. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC) of combination 5-FU and curcumin (4.0 μg/mL) in HCT-8/5-FU was calculated as 179.26 μg/mL, with reversal fold of 1.85. Another IC of combination 5-FU and curcumin (5.5 μg/mL) in HCT-8/5-FU was calculated as 89.25 μg/mL, with reversal fold of 3.71. Synergistic effect of 5-FU and curcumin on HCT-8 and HCT-8/5-FU cells were found. The cell cycle analysis performed by FCM showed that HCT-8 and HCT-8/5-FU cells mostly accumulated at G/G phase, which suggested a synergistic effect of curcumin and 5-FU to induce apoptosis. FCM analysis found that the percentage of apoptosis of cells treated with curcumin, 5-FU and their combination were significantly increased compared to the control group (P<0.05), and the percentage of apoptosis of the combination groups were slightly higher than other groups (P<0.05). The mRNA levels of P-gp (0.28±0.02) and HSP-27 (0.28±0.09) in HCT-8/5-FU cells treated with combination drugs were lower than cells treated with 5-FU alone (P-gp, 0.48±0.07, P=0.009; HSP-27, 0.57±0.10, P=0.007). The protein levels of P-gp (0.25±0.06) and HSP-27 (0.09±0.02) in HCT-8/5-FU cells treated with combination drugs were decreased when compared to 5-FU alone (P-gp, 0.46±0.02, P=0.005; HSP-27, 0.43±0.01, P=0.000).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation of human colon cancer cells. Curcumin has the ability of reversal effects on the multidrug resistance of human colon cancer cells lines HCT-8/5-FU. Down-regulation of P-gp and HSP-27 may be the mechanism of curcumin reversing the drug resistance of HCT-8/5-FU to 5-FU.

Research progress of mast cell activation-related receptors and their functions / 生理学报

Mast cells are widely distributed in various parts of the body, especially in the mucosal surface between the body and the external environment. Mast cell is one of the important immune cells and plays important roles in innate immunity, adaptive immunity and immune regulation. Previous researches have shown that excessive activation of mast cells is closely related to the development of allergic and inflammatory diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergies, acute and chronic itching. Mast cells infiltrate into the inflammation site and release various allergic mediators during the occurrence and development of these diseases. Therefore, termination of mast cell activation can be one of the effective methods for the treatment of allergic and inflammatory diseases, and receptors related to mast cell activation are potential targets for the development of anti-allergic drugs. There are many receptors related to mast cell activation, and the effects mediated by different receptors varied from each other. In the recent years, new mast cell receptors are being discovered, but there are not many literatures discussing the possible functions of these newly discovered receptors. This review aims to summarize the receptors involved in mast cell activation and classify related receptors according to their effects.

7-hydroxy sulfonation of liquiritigenin by recombinant SULT1A3 enzyme and HEK-SULT1A3 cells / 中国中药杂志

In this study,liquiritigenin sulfonation was characterized using recombinant human sulfotransferases( SULTs). The chemical structure of liquiritigenin sulfate was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry( UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Then model fitting and parameter estimation were performed using the Graphpad Prism V5 software. Various SULT enzymes( SULT1 A1,1 A2,1 A3,1 B1,1 C2,1 C4,1 E1 and 2 A1) were able to catalyze the formation of liquiritigenin-7-O-sulfate. Sulfonation of liquiritigenin-7-hydroxy( 7-OH) by these eight SULT enzymes consistently displayed the classical Michaelis-Menten profile. According to the intrinsic clearance( CLint) value,the sulfonation rates of liquiritigenin-7-OH by expressed SULT enzymes followed the following rank order: SULT1 C4 > SULT1 A3 > SULT1 E1 > SULT1 A1 > SULT1 A2 > SULT1 B1 >SULT1 C2>SULT2 A1. Further,liquiritigenin-7-O-sulfonation was significantly correlated with the SULT1 A3 protein levels( P<0. 05).Then,human embryonic kidney( HEK) 293 cells over expressing SULT1 A3( named as HEK-SULT1 A3 cells) were conducted. As a result,liquiritigenin-7-O-sulfate( L-7-S) was rapidly generated upon incubation of the cells with liquiritigenin. Consistent with SULT1 A3,sulfonation of liquiritigenin-7-OH in HEK-SULT1 A3 cells also followed the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The derived Vmaxvalues was( 0. 315±0. 009) μmol·min-1·g-1,Kmwas( 7. 04±0. 680) μmol·L-1,and CLintwas( 0. 045±0. 005) L·min-1·g-1. Moreover,the sulfonation characters of liquiritigenin( 7-OH) in SULT1 A3 were strongly correlated with that in HEK-SULT1 A3 cells( P<0. 001).The results indicated that HEK-SULT1 A3 cells have shown the catalytic function of SULT1 A3 enzymes. In conclusion,liquiritigenin was subjected to efficient sulfonation,and SULT1 A3 enzyme plays an important role in the sulfonation of liquiritigenin-7-OH. Significant sulfonation should be the main reason for the low bioavailability of liquiritigenin. In addition,HEK-SULT1 A3 cells were conducted and successfully used to evaluate liquiritigenin sulfonation,which will provide an appropriate tool to accurately depict the sulfonation disposition of liquiritigenin in vivo.

Comparison of the effect of small incision cataract surgery whether combined with nucleus chopping or not in the treatment of cataract / 中国基层医药

Objective To compare efficacy of small incision cataract surgery whether combined with nucleus chopping or not in the treatment of cataract. Methods From March 2014 to September 2015,125 cases of age-related cataract(146 eyes) in the the First People′s Hospital of Xiantao were divided into 60 cases(75 eyes) of observation group and 65 cases(71 eyes) of control group by method of random sampling. The observation group accepted small incision cataract surgery combined with chopping nucleus. The control group only underwent small incision cataract surgery. The postoperative visual acuity,corneal astigmatism and operation time,and complications and so on in the two groups were compared. Results There was statistically significant difference in postoperative visual acuity after 1 week between the two groups(Z = -2. 078,P <0. 05),but there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative visual acuity after 1 month or 3 months between the two groups(Z= -0. 960,-0. 743,all P>0. 05). The postoperative corneal astigmatism after 1 week or 1 month between the observation group and the control group had statistically significant differences[(1. 33 ± 0. 45) D vs. (1. 52 ± 0. 49) D,(1. 03 ± 0. 42) D vs. (1. 18 ± 0. 44)D,t=2. 442,2. 108,all P<0. 05)],but there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative corneal astigmatism after 3 months between the two groups(t =0. 432,P >0. 05). There was no statistically significant difference in the operation time between the observation group and the control group[(11. 28 ± 2. 32) min vs. (11. 87 ± 2. 52)min,t=1. 473,P>0. 05]. One case of posterior capsular rupture occurred in the two groups,respec-tively. But serious complications such as lens nucleus escaped into vitreous cavity, explosive haemorrhage from the choroid or corneal endothelial decompensated had not been found. Conclusion The small incision cataract surgery combined with nucleus chopping has advantages in acquiring fast visual rehabilitation acuity in the early stage after operation,lower corneal astigmatism compared to that without nucleus chopping. Therefore,the small incision cataract surgery combined with nucleus chopping is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

Expression of HIF-1α, EGFR and IGF-1 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Clinical Significance / 医学研究杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α),insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their clinical significance.Methods The expression of HIF-1α,EGFR and IGF-1 in NSCLC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were detected by western blot,and the correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis were analyzed.Results The expression of HIF-1α,IGF-1 and EGFR in NSCLC tissues were significantly higher than that in non-tumorous tissues.There were no significant difference in the expression of HIF-1 α and IGF-1 in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma(P ＞ 0.05).The expression of EGFR in squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adenocarcinoma(P ＜ 0.05).The expression of HIF-1α,IGF-1 and EGFR in low differentiated carcinoma were significantly higher than those in medium and high differentiated carcinoma tissues,and the expression of HIF-1α,IGF-1 and EGFR in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ tumor tissues were significantly lower than those in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ tumor tissues(P ＜0.05).The expression of HIF-1 α,IGF-1 and EGFR with lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than that without lymph node metastasis in tumor tissues.There was a significant positive correlation between the expression of HIF-1 α and EGFR (r2 =0.301,P ＜ 0.05),and the expression of HIF-1 α was positively correlated with the expression of IGF-1 (r2 =0.611,P ＜ 0.05).The expression of HIF-1α,EGFR and IGF-1 had no significant correlation with the prognosis (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion HIF-1,EGFR and IGF-1 were significantly increased in NSCLC tissues,and HIF-1 was positively correlated with EGFR and EGF-1,and the expression of HIF-1α,IGF-1 and EGFR are closely related to the degree of differentiation,TNM staging and lymph node metastasis,and EGFR is closely related to pathological type.They play an important role in the development and progression of NSCLC.

Study on Adsorption of Two Sulfonamide Antibiotics by Graphene Oxide / 分析化学

Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by modified Hummers method with graphite as raw materials and used as adsorbent for sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) and sulfamerazine (SMR) in aqueous solutions.The graphene oxide was characterized by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The effects of pH value,adsorption time,initial concentration and temperature on the adsorption property of GO to two sulfonamide antibiotics were investigated and combined with the physical and chemical properties of two kinds of antibiotics.The result showed the maximum adsorption capacity were 138.50 mg/g and 96.06 mg/g at pH=1,adsorbent dosage of 20 mg,45℃,adsorption time of 100 min and 120 min for SMZ and SMR,respectively.The adsorption data of SMZ and SMR fitted well with the Pseudo-second-order kinetics model and the Langmuir isotherm model.The adsorption properties of GO were evaluated with lake water and tap water as real samples and good results were obtained.GO could be used as enrichment and separation materials for sample pretreatment and removing pollutant in wastewater.

Doppler ultrasound in monitoting hemodynamic changes of renal artery in neonatal asphyxia / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To investigate the value of Doppler ultrasound in the eady diagnosis,monitoring and assessing of renal damage in neonatal asphyxia.Methods A total of 60 cases of neonates within 24 h were divided into severe asphyxia group (Apgar score 0-3),mild asphyxia group (Apgar score 4-7) and healthy control group (Apgar score 8-10) according to Apgar score at 1 min after born.Then the peak systolic velocity (PSV),end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistance index (RI) of renal artery were obtained by Doppler ultrasound within 24 h,on day 3,day 7,and day 10.The level of serum cystain C (sCysC) was also recorded accordingly.Results Within 24 h,compared with healthy control group,the PSV and EDV in severe asphyxia group and mild asphyxia group decreased (all P＜0.05),while RI increased (all P＜0.05).The PSV in mild asphyxia group returned to normal in 3 days,EDV and RI returned to normal in 10 days,there were no statistically significant difference compared with healthy control group (all P＞0.05).The PSV,EDV and RI in severe asphyxia group were still significantly differences compared with healthy control group on day 10 (all P＜0.05).Within 24 h and on day 3,sCysC in the mild asphyxia group increased obviously compared with healthy control group (both P＜0.05).On day 7 and day 10,the differences of sCysC was not statistically significant between mild asphyxia group and healthy control group (both P＞0.05).Compared with healthy control group,the sCysC in severe asphyxia group increased significantly (all P＜0.05) on every time point.PSV and EDV were negatively correlated with sCysC,RI was positively correlated with sCysC.Conclusion Changes in renal function can be reflected soon by index of renal blood flow PSV,EDV and RI.

Analysis of skin prick test results in 2991 patients with allergic rhinitis in Wenzhou / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To determine the distribution of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Wenzhou area. METHODS Patients with AR symptoms from January 2013 to December 2014 were given skin prick test (SPT). The clinical data about SPT was retrospectively colleceted to analyze SPT results. RESULTS 1. Among 2991 individuals, the total positive rate of SPT was 82.0%, with Dermatophagoides farinae (Der. f) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der.p) as the most common allergens; the positive rate of inhalant allergen was obviously higher than that of ingestive ones, with significantly statistical difference(χ2=2006.557,P<0.01). Most of patients were allergic to double allergens; the intensity of Der.f and Der.p mainly presented as (++++), with no significant difference(Z=-0.391, P=0.696). 2. There was significant difference of variation with seasons(χ2=34.254, P<0.01). 3. No significant difference of positive rate were observed in different AR-courses(χ2=16.102, P<0.01). 4. Significant difference of positive rate was found among different age-groups; The positive rate was increased along with growing age, got peak at group of 10-12 years old, and then got down after that. CONCLUSION Dust mite was the main allergen coursed AR in Wenzhou area. Seasons and age were two important factors effecting on positive of SPT and onset of AR. The positive rate of allergens was related to age.

Content Determination of Sinalbin in Sinapis alba Decoction Piece by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of sinalbin in Sinapis alba decoction piece. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Sepax HP-C18 with mobile phase of 50% acetonitrile-water solution(contain-ing 5 mmol/L tetraoctyl ammonium bromide)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 227 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃,and the injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of sinalbin was 0.010 1-0.202 4 mg/ml(r=0.999 7);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2%,recovery was 98.51%-104.62%(RSD=1.90%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and reliable,and can be used for determination of sinalbin in Sinapis alba decoc-tion piece.

Efficacy evaluation of specific sublingual immunotherapy with standardized dust mites drops on different age patients with allergic rhinitis / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the difference of efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy on different age patients with allergic rhinitis. METHODS 229 patients with dermatophagoides farina drops allergic rhinitis who have finished SLIT at least 2 years were enrolled and analyzed by retrospective analysis. All patients were divided into different age groups: pre-adolescence(n=107), adolescence(n=53), adulthood(n=69). Indexes for therapeutic effects of SLIT visual analogue scale(VAS) score, rhinitis symptom scores, medication scoreintra- and inter groups were assessed during different stage of treatment(3 months, 1 year and 2 years). Data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software. RESULTS Compared with prior treatment, after the SLIT for 3 months, 1 year, 2 years, VAS scores, rhinitis symptom scores, medication scoresof all the patients with allergic rhinitis are significantly decreased; Differences of rhinitis symptom scores(H=0.844, 4.153, 2.669, P>0.05), VAS score(H=1.356, 3.720, 0.313, P >0.05), medication scores(H=1.044, 5.841, 3.399, P>0.05) between groups had no statistical significance at different stage after treatment(3 months, 1 year and 2 years); The differences between 2 years and 1 year of SLIT treatment showed statistical significance in the VAS scores(Z=1.635, P =1.635). CONCLUSION SLIT with dust mites drops had good curative effect and security in patients with allergic rhinitis, which hadno obvious difference between different age groups.

Discussion on Research and Development for Chinese Ethnic Medicine Products / 中国中医药信息杂志

Ethnic medicine is an important component of traditional Chinese medicine and excellent traditional culture. New products of ethnic medicine are important application form to play therapeutic advantages of ethnic medicine, whose research and development should focus on the maintenance of characteristics of ethnic medicine. From the perspective of the research and development of ethnic medicine, this article discussed research ideas in the development of new products of ethnic medicine and put forward that attention should be paid to the experience on using the ethnic medicine, related literature studies, and ethnic medicine resource protection and utilization as well. In addition, this article put forward the research tactics in new products of ethnic medicine, such as medicinal materials, effective parts, active ingredients, the secondary development research and so on, with a purpose of improving the level of researching and developing new products of ethnic medicine.

Effect of high volume mechanical ventilation on radiation-induced lung toxicity in rats / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of mechanical ventilation on radiation induced lung injuries of apoptosis,acute inflammation,and oxidative stress by establishing a rat mechanical ventilation model and animal model.Methods Totally 40 male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 rats in each group:control,radiation alone,high tidal volume ventilation,and high tidal volume ventilation following by radiation.After treatment,the pathological changes in lung tissue were observed,NF-κB activity was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA),the expression of NF-κB subunit P65 protein level in lung cell nucleus was detected by Western blot,and the apoptosis of lung cells was detected by terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method.The wet to dry weight ratio (W/D) of lung,myeloperoxidase (MPO),malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected.In addition,the total protein and white blood cell number in lung lavage fluid were also measured.Results Compared to the control,the acute lung injury (ALI) score,W/D ratio,MPO activity,total protein level,white blood cell number,apoptosis index (AI),lung tissue MDA,NF-κB activity and P65 protein expression were increased significantly (q =0.000 32-0.004 81,P ＜0.05),while SOD values was decreased significantly (q =0.000 18-0.002 53,P ＜0.01),in other three groups.Compared with radiation and high tidal volume ventilation group,the above indexes were significantly higher (q =0.004 3-0.022 6,P ＜ 0.05) but the SOD value was significantly lower (q =0.002 9-0.008 3,P ＜ 0.05) than those in the high tidal volume ventilation plus radiation group.Conclusions High tidal volume ventilation delivered to the radiation group produced more transparent ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) than the high tidal volume ventilation alone induced VILI including permeable pulmonary edema,acute inflammation,oxidative stress and apoptosis in lung.

Surgical treatment of poor grade middle cerebral artery aneurysms associated with large sylvian hematomas following prophylactic hinged craniectomy / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The clinical characteristics of patients who presented in poor clinical grade due to ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms (MCAAs) associated with large sylvian hematomas (SylH) were analyzed and an ingenious designed prophylactic hinged craniectomy was introduced. Twenty-eight patients were graded into Hunt-Hess grades IV-V and emergency standard micro-neurosurgeries (aneurysm clipping, hematoma evacuation and prophylactic hinged craniectomy) were performed, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. 46.43% of the patients reached encouraged favorable outcomes on discharge. The favorable outcome group and the poor outcome group significantly differed in terms of patients' anisocoria, Hunt-Hess grade before surgery, extent of the midline shift and time to the surgery after bleeding (P0.05). However, ingenious designed prophylactic hinged craniectomy efficiently reduced the patients' intracranial pressure (ICP) after surgery. It was suggested that preoperative conditions such as Hunt-Hess grading, extent of the midline shift and the occurrence of cerebral hernia affect the prognosis of patients, but time to the surgery after bleeding and prophylactic hinged craniectomy are of significant importance for optimizing the prognosis of MCAA patients presenting with large SylH.

Experimental study on ultrasound contrast for monitoring Salvia miltiorrhiza in treating rabbit renal ischemia-reperfusion injury / 重庆医学

Objective To apply the real-time gray scale contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) with quantitative analysis technique to monitor the change of the renal cortex blood perfusion before and after Salvia miltiorrhiza treatment of rabbit renal is-chemia-reperfusion injury and to investigate the application value of the ultrasound contrast for evaluating the effect of medication in the treatment of rabbit renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) .Methods The rabbit right kidney was resected and the left renal pedicle was occluded for 60 min ischemia ,then the perfusion was recovered for establishing the IRI model .Salvia miltiorrhiza injec-tion was given for observing the pathological changes of the left kidney and the renal cortex blood prefusion under the contrast-en-hanced ultrasonography .The parameters of renal cortex blood perfusion were quantitatively analyzed by the time-intension curves . Results After IRI occurrence ,the time-intensity curve (TIC) of the rabbit renal cortex was slowly ascended .The time to peak (TTP) was extened and the rising slope(Grad) of the curve ascending branch was declined (P< 0 .05);after Salvia miltiorrhiza treatment ,TTP decreased and Grad increased obviously(P<0 .05) .Conclusion CEUS combined with quantitative analysis can re-flect the renal blood perfusion abnormity caused by ischemia-reperfusion and discover the change of the renal blood perfusion after medication treatment .

Quality Standard of Pyrethri Tatsienenis Flos / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to establish the quality standard of Pyrethri Tatsienenis Flos. The medical material was identified by the microscopy and the thin layer chromatography ( TLC ) methods . The moisture , total ash , acid-insoluble ash and alcohol-soluble extract were determined according to procedures recorded in the Chi-nese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). The content of luteolin was determined by the HPLC method. The results showed a strong characteristic microscopic of Pyrethri Tatsienenis Flos , and its TLC identification had a good resolution with clear spots . The mass fractions of luteolin was 0 . 036%~0 . 104% ( average of 0 . 078%) , moisture was 9 . 32%~15 . 82% ( average of 13 . 11%) , total ash was 6 . 65%~8 . 29% ( average of 7 . 45%) , acid-insoluble ash was 0 . 23%~0 . 59% ( average of 0 . 42%) , and the extraction was 21 . 42%~30 . 15% ( average of 24 . 86%) . It was concluded that this established standard was simple to operate with good stability and reproducibility , which can be used for quality evaluation of Pyrethri Tatsienenis Flos .

Surgical treatment of poor grade middle cerebral artery aneurysms associated with large sylvian hematomas following prophylactic hinged craniectomy / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The clinical characteristics of patients who presented in poor clinical grade due to ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms (MCAAs) associated with large sylvian hematomas (SylH) were analyzed and an ingenious designed prophylactic hinged craniectomy was introduced. Twenty-eight patients were graded into Hunt-Hess grades IV-V and emergency standard micro-neurosurgeries (aneurysm clipping, hematoma evacuation and prophylactic hinged craniectomy) were performed, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. 46.43% of the patients reached encouraged favorable outcomes on discharge. The favorable outcome group and the poor outcome group significantly differed in terms of patients' anisocoria, Hunt-Hess grade before surgery, extent of the midline shift and time to the surgery after bleeding (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in age, sex, volume and location of the hematoma, size of aneurysm between the favorable and poor groups (P>0.05). However, ingenious designed prophylactic hinged craniectomy efficiently reduced the patients' intracranial pressure (ICP) after surgery. It was suggested that preoperative conditions such as Hunt-Hess grading, extent of the midline shift and the occurrence of cerebral hernia affect the prognosis of patients, but time to the surgery after bleeding and prophylactic hinged craniectomy are of significant importance for optimizing the prognosis of MCAA patients presenting with large SylH.

Efficacy analysis of unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of high risk acute myeloid leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (URD-HSCT) for patients with high risk and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Twenty-two patients with high-risk and refractory AML receive URD-HSCT were enrolled in this study. All the patients received myeloablative preconditioning regimen consisting of busulfan/cyclophosphamide (for 20 cases) or total body irradiation/cyclophosphamide (for 2 cases) before URD-HSCT. The cyclosporin A (CsA)/MTX/MMF/ATG were used to prevent the acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD). The results showed that 21 out of 22 patients acquired engraftment with implantation rate 95.5%. The median time of ANC ≥ 0.5×10(9)/L was 12 (10-19) days, and that of Plt ≥ 20×10(9)/L was 14 (5 - 22) days. The median follow-up time post transplantation was 18 (3 to 135.5) months. The 2-year overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) were (53.9 ± 12.2) % and (49.1 ± 10.7)% respectively. Eight cases developed aGVHD. The cumulative incidence of aGVHD was (39.1 ± 10.6) %. Six patients developed I-II grade of aGVHD and two patients developed III-IV grade of aGVHD. The chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) was occurred in 6 patients (4 patients limited, 2 patients extensive) of the 19 evaluable patients. The cumulative incidence was (28.8 ± 9.6)%. Seven cases relapsed, and the cumulative response rate of 2 years was (35.8 ± 11) %. One of 9 patients died from sepsis before hematopoietic reconstruction, one died from lung infection, Six died from relapse and one relapsed patient died from IV grade of aGVHD post chemotherapy and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI). The univariate analysis revealed that relapse was the major factor for the OS, and the sex, age, preconditioning regimen, aGVHD and infection didn't significantly influence the efficacy of URD-HSCT. The survival of patients with cGVHD was superior to those who didn't have cGVHD (83.3% vs 37%, P = 0.152). It is concluded that URD-HSCT is a safe and effective therapy for high-risk AML patients without related donor. Notably, patients with cGVHD had a better survival. Relapse is an unfavourable factor for the efficacy of URD-HSCT and adoptive immunotherapy such as DLI can prevent it and improve the prognosis to achieve the long-time survival.