Correlation between vaccination doses and duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests among COVID-19 patients / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between vaccination doses and the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients during omicron epidemic.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 26 to December 31, 2022 among COVID-19 patients from all community health service centers in 16 districts of Beijing municipality selected by multi-stage stratified cluster quota sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect the basic information, vaccination doses, results of nucleic acid or antigen tests of all subjects. The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the doses of COVID-19 vaccination: the non-vaccination group, the 1, 2, 3 and 4 doses vaccination group. The relationship between vaccination doses and the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests was analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.Results:A total of 10 506 COVID-19 cases were included in the study with the age of (43.3±13.7) years. The duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests was longer than 7 days in 59.4%(276/465), 51.5%(67/130), 50.6%(355/701), 46.1% (3 464/7 520) and 39.2%(662/1 690) of non-vaccination, and 1, 2, 3, 4 dose vaccination groups, respectively ( P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with non-vaccination patients, the vaccination dose was an independent protective factor for duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests>7 days, and the OR values were 0.7 (95% CI 0.5-0.9, P=0.015), 0.6 (95% CI 0.5-0.8, P<0.001) and 0.5 (95% CI 0.4-0.6, P<0.001) for 2, 3 and 4 doses of vaccination, respectively. Conclusion:The vaccination doses are independently related to the duration of positive nucleic acid or antigen tests in COVID-19 patients and the risk is gradually decreases with the increasing vaccination doses.

Heat vulnerability assessment in Jinan city: a comparison between residents living in urban centers and urban-fringe areas / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To find out the differences in regional characteristics of heat vulnerability between people living in urban centers and urban-fringe areas of Jinan city so as to provide basis for the development of adaptation measures to heat.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional survey on heat vulnerability was conducted in urban center and urban-fringe areas of Jinan city, using a self-designed questionnaire among 801 residents at the age of 16 years or older in August 2013. Data of 23 indicators related to heat vulnerability were collected and aggregated to 7 dimensions:health and medical insurance, social networks, heat perception and adaptive behavior, economic status, resources, living environment and working environment. An index score was calculated using a balanced weighted average approach for each dimension, ranging from 0 to 1, with the closer to 1 as greater vulnerability.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The scores on heat perception and adaptive behavior, economic status, resources and working environment dimensions for urban-fringe areas were 0.42,0.63,0.55 and 0.62, statistically significantly higher than the urban center area of 0.41,0.51,0.26 and 0.41. Scores of living environment, social networks and health/medical insurance dimensions for urban center area were 0.57,0.49 and 0.31, which were all higher than the urban-fringe areas of 0.50,0.46 and 0.25, with differences statistically significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Residents living in the urban center might be more vulnerable to heat in terms of living environment, health/medical insurance and social networks while residents living in the urban-fringe areas might more be vulnerable in terms of heat perception and adaptive behavior, economic status, life resources and working environment. These facts indicated that heat vulnerability among residents could be quite different, even at a fine geographic sale. We would thus suggest that intervention strategies on protecting people from heat, should be more targeted.</p>

Heat vulnerability assessment in Jinan city:a comparison between residents living in urban centers and urban-fringe areas / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To find out the differences in regional characteristics of heat vulnerability between people living in urban centers and urban-fringe areas of Jinan city so as to provide basis for the development of adaptation measures to heat. Methods A cross-sectional survey on heat vulnerability was conducted in urban center and urban-fringe areas of Jinan city,using a self-designed questionnaire among 801 residents at the age of 16 years or older in August 2013. Data of 23 indicators related to heat vulnerability were collected and aggregated to 7 dimensions:health and medical insurance,social networks,heat perception and adaptive behavior,economic status,resources, living environment and working environment. An index score was calculated using a balanced weighted average approach for each dimension,ranging from 0 to 1,with the closer to 1 as greater vulnerability. Results The scores on heat perception and adaptive behavior,economic status, resources and working environment dimensions for urban-fringe areas were 0.42,0.63,0.55 and 0.62, statistically significantly higher than the urban center area of 0.41,0.51,0.26 and 0.41. Scores of living environment,social networks and health/medical insurance dimensions for urban center area were 0.57,0.49 and 0.31,which were all higher than the urban-fringe areas of 0.50,0.46 and 0.25, with differences statistically significant. Conclusion Residents living in the urban center might be more vulnerable to heat in terms of living environment,health/medical insurance and social networks while residents living in the urban-fringe areas might more be vulnerable in terms of heat perception and adaptive behavior,economic status,life resources and working environment. These facts indicated that heat vulnerability among residents could be quite different,even at a fine geographic sale. We would thus suggest that intervention strategies on protecting people from heat,should be more targeted.

Heat vulnerability assessment in Jinan city:a comparison between residents living in urban centers and urban-fringe areas / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To find out the differences in regional characteristics of heat vulnerability between people living in urban centers and urban-fringe areas of Jinan city so as to provide basis for the development of adaptation measures to heat. Methods A cross-sectional survey on heat vulnerability was conducted in urban center and urban-fringe areas of Jinan city,using a self-designed questionnaire among 801 residents at the age of 16 years or older in August 2013. Data of 23 indicators related to heat vulnerability were collected and aggregated to 7 dimensions:health and medical insurance,social networks,heat perception and adaptive behavior,economic status,resources, living environment and working environment. An index score was calculated using a balanced weighted average approach for each dimension,ranging from 0 to 1,with the closer to 1 as greater vulnerability. Results The scores on heat perception and adaptive behavior,economic status, resources and working environment dimensions for urban-fringe areas were 0.42,0.63,0.55 and 0.62, statistically significantly higher than the urban center area of 0.41,0.51,0.26 and 0.41. Scores of living environment,social networks and health/medical insurance dimensions for urban center area were 0.57,0.49 and 0.31,which were all higher than the urban-fringe areas of 0.50,0.46 and 0.25, with differences statistically significant. Conclusion Residents living in the urban center might be more vulnerable to heat in terms of living environment,health/medical insurance and social networks while residents living in the urban-fringe areas might more be vulnerable in terms of heat perception and adaptive behavior,economic status,life resources and working environment. These facts indicated that heat vulnerability among residents could be quite different,even at a fine geographic sale. We would thus suggest that intervention strategies on protecting people from heat,should be more targeted.