Diagnostic criteria and research progress on Banff classification of allograft pathology in composite tissue allotransplantation / 器官移植

Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) is a novel transplantation discipline to treat functional tissue or limb defects. Since a majority of CTA grafts were vascularized grafts, it is also known as vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA). The grafts of CTA/VCA consist of two or more types of allogeneic skin, subcutaneous tissue, bone, muscle, nerve and vessel, etc. Most of CTA/VCA grafts contain skin tissues, which possess the highest antigenicity. Acute rejection after transplantation is the primary obstacle leading to CTA/VCA graft failure and primary graft dysfunction. Hence, histopathological characteristics of skin rejection in CTA/VCA grafts have become the primary hotspot. In this article, pathological features of CTA/VCA rejection, Banff classification in 2007 and related research progress were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of rejection and other complications of CTA/VCA.

Resveratrol raises in vitro anticancer effects of paclitaxel in NSCLC cell line A549 through COX-2 expression

The aim of this study was to determine the raising anticancer effects of resveratrol (Res) on paclitaxel (PA) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line A549. The 10 µg/ml of Res had no effect on human fetal lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells or on A549 cancer cells and the 5 or 10 µg/ml of PA also had no effect on MRC-5 normal cells. PA-L (5 µg/ml) and PA-H (10 µg/ml) had the growth inhibitory effects in NSCLC cell line A549, and Res increased these growth inhibitory effects. By flow cytometry experiment, after Res (5 µg/ml)+PA-H (10 µg/ml) treatment, the A549 cells showed the most apoptosic cells compared to other group treatments, and after additional treatment with Res, the apoptosic cells of both two PA concentrations were raised. Res+PA could reduce the mRNA and protein expressions of COX-2, and Res+PA could reduce the COX-2 related genes of VEGF, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, NF-κB, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, procollagen I, collagen I, collagen III and CTGF, TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS and raise the TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3, IκB-α, p53, p21, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, Bax genes compared to the control cells and the PA treated cells. From these results, it can be suggested that Res could raise the anticancer effects of PA in A549 cells, thus Res might be used as a good sensitizing agent for PA.

Various methods of preparing acellular tissue-engineered xenogeneic valve stents / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Excellent Iow-antigenicity xenogeneic biological valve scaffold is the premise of constructing tissue-engineered valve by using which kind of acellular methods.OBJECTIVE: To explore the optimal preparation method of making tissue engineered heart valves by meesuring efficiency of different acellular methods and ability to preserve the matrix.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The prospective randomly controlled study was performed at the Central Laboratory of Taian Central Hospital from January 2007 to June 2008.MATERIALS: Sixteen specimens of porcine aortic valves were randomly divided into control, NaCI-sodium-dodecyl-sulfate (SDS),trypsin and triton-X100 groups.METHODS: Specimens in the control group were left intact. Three test groups were decelluladzed with NaCI, trypsin andTriton-X100 respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The gross structure, optical and electron microscope ultrastructure of the decelluarated porcineheart valve matrix was compared. The expression of vascular endothelial cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC)- Ⅰ antigenwas detected by immunohistochemical method.RESULTS: Treatment with NaCL-SDS achieved only incomplete decellularization. The main components of extracellular matdxwere reserved completely, but the fibrous components became unclear and swelling. Treatment with trypsin removed cellscompletely, but caused serious structural alterations, with the presence of swollen collagen fiber, crude edge, widen and irregularfiber interspace. Treatment with Triton-X100 achieved both complete decelluarization and preservation of the matrix structure.Valves following treatment of NaCI-SDS, trypsin and Triton-X100 had certain immunogenicity. However, the immunogenicity ofvalves following treatment of trypsin and Triton-X100 was significantly lower compared with the treatment of NaCL-SDS.CONCLUSION: The decellularization method by Triton-X100 is effective and complete. The Triton-X100 method does not changematrix structure and has low immunogenicity.

The Comparison between the Killing Effects of Two Anti-T Immunotoxins on Target Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

The key to killing target cells by immunotoxin depends on the specific recognition of antibody to target cell and the cytotoxic effect of toxin. The comparative study of the killing effects of two anti-T immunotoxins, CD5:Ricin and CD5:rRA, on target cells was performed. The elimination rate of immunotoxins was analysed by flow cytometry and MLR. The effect of immunotoxins on the proliferation of hematopoiesis was evaluted by CFU-GM. The results showed that (1) CD5(+) T cells were eliminated and CD25(+) CD3(+) activated T cells were concentration-dependently inhibited by the two immunotoxins in the range of 10(-9) - 10(-11) mol/L; (2) both immunotoxins significantly inhibited the mixed lymphocyte reaction, and the inhibiting effect of CD5:rRA to T cell proliferation was markedly lower than that of CD5:Ricin in the range of 10(-10) - 10(-11) mol/L; (3) the combination of CD5:rRA with 10 mmol/L NH(4)Cl increased the T cell elimination rate; and (4) the two immunotoxins and the combination of NH(4)Cl and CD5:rRA did not suppressed proliferation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors in the range of concentrations with killing effect. It was concluded that T cell and activated T cell could be eliminated effectively by immunotoxins, the proliferation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor was not inhibited significantly.

Progress in Study on MHC Structure and Function / 中国实验血液学杂志

The MHC molecules were first discovered as major histocompatibility antigens. When their essential biological function as antigen-binding molecules and informers for T cells was unveiled, an explanation of why MHC also acts as major histocompatibility antigens was provided. When the antigen-binding cleft of MHC molecules was firstly clarified more than 10 years ago, the study of MHC structure and function has stepped into a prosperous new era, and many achievements have in this area have been achieved. This paper summarized the exciting progress in study on MHC structure and function in recent years.

Cloning, expression and protein structure prediction of a novel SCF-TPO fusion gene / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To obtain the high expression of recombinant human stem cell factor - thrombopoitin (SCF-TPO) fusion gene and predict its structure property. METHODS: Tour primers were designed according to known sequence of TPO and SCF to amplify the functional amino acid domain of TPO and SCF by RT- PCR, respectively from fetus hepatocytes. The expression plasmid pET32a/SCF- TPO was constructed by VOE gene fusion technique and expressed in BL21(DE3)plysS. The fusion protein property, such as second structure, flexibility, and hydrophilicity were predicted by DS Gene and Protscale software. RESULTS: The expression vector, pET32a/SCF - TPO was constructed and the high expression of the SCF/TPO fusion protein was obtained, with the expression amount of up to 40% of the total cellular protein. DS Genel .5 and Protscale predict no new antigenicity in fusion protein, and the second structure and ioelectric point have no changes except four amino acids change in first structure. There are high flexibility and low hydrophilieity in the linker peptide. CONCLUSION: High expression of SCF- TPO fusion protein has been obtained and protein prediction shows that the fusion protein design is reasonable, which lay foundation for further study of biological fundation of SCF - TPO fusion protein.

The rapid prediction of GVHD by three-dimensional structure differences of HLA / 中国输血杂志

Objective Trying to predict the degree of GVHD after partly matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods Analysis of the relationship between three-dimensional structure differences of donor-patient unmatched HLA and the GVHD levels after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Results GVHD levels were related to donor-patient unmatched HLA structure differences. The HLA structure differences forⅠ - Ⅱ degree GVHD were much smaller than that for Ⅲ - Ⅳ degree GVHD. Conclusion Prediction of GVHD by HLA structure differences is simple, rapid, specific and could help select proper conditioning regimens before transplantation and the proper immune suppressive agents after transplantation.

THE APPLICATION OF MOLECULAR MODELING OF HLA ANTIGENS IN UNMATCHED STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION FOR GVHD PREDICTION / 解放军医学杂志

To explore the pathogenic mechanism of GVHD, attempting to forecast the degree of GVHD after stem cell transplantation, and to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of clinical transplantation. The conventional microlymphocytotoxicity and sequencing methods were used in typing the HLA. The degrees of GVHD were estimated by molecular modeling of HLA antigens and veryfied the estimation by comparing the clinical results with anticipated degrees. In 8 recipients, three were transplanted with half matched stem cells. Among these 3 pationts, two developed IV degree GVHD, and one developed II degree GVHD. In the other 3 patients, cells of two unmatched HLA antigens were transplanted, and among them one developed I degree GVHD, and two developed II degree GVHD. In two patients who were transplanted with cells of one unmatched HLA antigens, I and II degrees GVHD developed respectively. Second, the correlationship analysis showed that degrees of GVHD had positive correlation with the RMSD (relative mean square deviation) between different HLA antigens. These results indicated that the degrees of GVHD after stem cell transplantation were related with the difference of three dimensional structures of unmatched stem cell HLA antigens; molecular modeling might be used to predict the prognosis of clinical stem cell transplantation.