Comparative effectiveness of antidepressant medication versus psychological intervention on depression symptoms in women with infertility and sexual dysfunction

Background: Fertility loss is considered as a challenging experience. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of antidepressant medication and psychological intervention on depression symptoms in women with infertility and sexual dysfunctions [SD]

Materials and Methods: This randomized, controlled clinical trial study was completed from December 2014 to June 2015 in Babol, Iran. Of the 485 participants, 93 were randomly assigned in a 1: 1: 1 ratio to psychosexual therapy [PST], bupropion extended-release [BUP ER] at a dose of 150 mg/d, and control [no intervention] groups. The Beck Depression Inventory [BDI] was completed at the beginning and end of the study. Duration of study was eight weeks. Statistical analyses were performed by using paired-test and analysis of covariance

Results: The mean depression score on the BDI was 22.35 +/- 8.70 in all participants. Mean BDI score decreased significantly in both treatment groups [PST: P<0.0001, BUP: P<0.002] from baseline to end of the study, whereas intra-individual changes in BDI score were not significant in the control group. The decrease in mean BDI score was greater with PST compared to BUP treatment [P<0.005] and the control group [P<0.0001]. The PST group showed greater improvement in depression levels [severe to moderate, moderate to mild] in comparison with the two other groups [P<0.001]. Drug treatment was well tolerated by the participants in the BUP group

Conclusion: PST can be a reliable alternative to BUP ER for relieving depression symptoms in an Iranian population of women with infertility and SD

Stress factors in dental students of Babol university

Objective: Dental profession is associated with a high level of stress experienced by clinicians in private practice as well as students and instructors in dental school environment. The purpose of this study was to detect the main stressors in dental students of School of dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences in 2011-2012

Methods: In this descriptive, analytical study, data were collected via Dental Environment Stress [DES] questionnaire. Understudy subjects were all dental students in Babol University [n=199] selected by census sampling. Data were analyzed using chi-square and t-tests

Results: Six factors were found to be the main stressors in dental students: 1. More than one exam in the same day [2.76 [0.596]]; 2.Insufficient time interval between exams [2.74 [0.581]]; 3.Insufficient exam time [2.62 [0.693]]; 4.Instructors humiliating students or showing their dissatisfaction of the procedure done by the students in front of patients [2.61 [0.618]]; 5.Too many credits offered per semester [2.35 [0.849]] and 6. In appropriate behavior of the staff [2.33 [0.793]]. Of all departments in Babol Dental School, departments of Prosthodontics, Radiology and Endodontics caused the highest level of stress and anxiety in students and had statistically significant differences in this regard with other departments

Conclusion: The stressors had greater impacts on female students particularly the fourth year dental students. Attempts must be made to modify the curricula and exam schedules particularly in the most stressful departments to decrease the level of stress in dental students

Comparison of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment strategies in promotion of infertility self-efficacy scale in infertile women: a randomized controlled trial

The infertility is associated with psychological consequence including depression, and lack of self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacological and no pharmacological strategies in promotion of self-efficacy of infertile women. A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 89 infertile women who were recruited from Fatemeh Zahra Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center and were randomized into three groups; cognitive behavioral therapy [CBT], antidepressant therapy with flouxetine 20 mg daily for 3 month, and a control group. All participants completed Infertility Self-efficacy Inventory [ISE] and the Beck Depression Inventory [BDI] at the beginning and end of the study. The means ISE scores among the CBT, fluoxetine, and control groups at the beginning and end of the study were 6.1 +/- 1.6 vs. 7.2 +/- 0.9, 6.4 +/- 1.4 vs. 6.9 +/- 1.3 and 6.1 +/- 1.1 vs. 5.9 +/- 1.4 respectively. Both CBT and fluoxetine increased the mean of ISE scores more than control group after intervention [p<0.0001, p=0.033; respectively], but increase in the CBT group was significantly greater than flouxetine group. Finally, there was evidence of high infertility self-efficacy for women exposed to the intervention compared with those in the control group. Also, there was an improvement in depression. Both fluoxetine and CBT decreased significantly the mean of BDI scores more than the control group; decrease in the CBT group was significantly more than that in the fluoxetine group. CBT can serve as an effective psychosocial intervention for promoting self-efficacy of infertile women

[Effective factors on educational status of midwifery students in Babol university of medical sciences]

Students' educational success is of utmost importance. As educational slump has always been a great concern in different fields, this study was conducted to assess /= 17], average [14