[Type of delivery and quality of life: a follow-up styudy]

Objective [s]: This study aimed to assess the relationship between type of delivery and changing in quality of life scores after delivery

Method: A sample of 150 mothers with caesarian section and 150 mothers with vaginal delivery attending a health center in Kashan, Iran were entered into the study. Mothers completed a specific life quality questionnaire 2 to 4 months after delivery. Mean changes in scores compared in each group and between two groups. Data were analyzed using chi square, independent t- test, pair t test and Mann-Whitney U test

Results: Findings showed that the mean score for feeling for sexual intercourse [p=0.005], economic status due to delivery [p=0.02] and willingness to choose method of delivery for future pregnancy [p=0.007] improved significantly in 2-4 months interval in normal delivery group and decreased for feeling [p=0.001] in caesarean section group. In comparing mean score differences between two groups in 2-4 months interval, there were significant differences in feeling for sexual intercourse and feeling toward one's husband [p=0.007, p=0.04] respectively

Conclusion: There were no significant differences in quality of life scores in each group and between two groups but the mean score for some aspects improved in two months interval in normal delivery group

Comparison of newborn outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus treated with metformin or insulin; a randomised blinded trial

Few studies have been done on the use of metformin in pregnancy and their results were not similar, therefore this research is performed to compare neonatal outcomes of metformin and insulin in the treatment of gestational diabetes. In this prospective randomized trial, 200 pregnant women within their 24[th] to 34[th] weeks of gestation with gestational diabetes, single fetus pregnancy, and in need of hyperglycemia treatment were entered and grouped as either metformin or insulin. Data related to maternal and neonatal outcomes were recorded and analyzed. Considering data recorded of HbA[1c] at the beginning of pregnancy, pregnancy induced hypertension, preeclampsia, birth weight, dystocia, first and 5[th] min APGAR, neonatal sepsis, rout of delivery, liver function tests of neonate, hypoglycemia, anomaly, and still birth, there were no significant statistical differences between groups. The end pregnancy HbA[1c], maternal weight gain during pregnancy, preterm labor, neonatal jaundice, respiratory distress and hospitalization of infants were higher in insulin group. Considering data from this study, metformin is efficient to control hyperglycemia in pregnancy. It is suggested performing more studies to evaluate long term side effects of metformin in pregnancy with higher sample size and longer follow-up of newborns

duration of the third stage of labor and related factors

Third stage of labor has been defined as the most dangerous stage. Due to the importance of the third stage, this study was performed in order to determine its length and related factors. This research is a cross sectional study which was carried out on 1000 deliveries in Shabihkhani Hospital [Kashan-Iran]. Inclusion criteria consist of gestational age of higher than 20 weeks, singleton pregnancy, and vaginal delivery without any instrument. The mean, median and standard deviation of the third stage of labor were 6.03, 5 and 5.15 minutes respectively. The finding also showed that there was a significant association between Para, Induction of labor, use of analgesic drugs during labor [pethidin], and umbilical drainage for third stage management [p < 0.05]. There was no significant association between a history of Abortion, Gestational age and Third stage management [Oxytosine]. The use of Induction, analgesic drugs during labor and umbilical drainage prolonged the third stage of labor, but multiparity decreased the duration of this stage. The diagnosis of these factors is recommended in order to predict and prevent the occurrence of the third stage dangers.

[Factors associated with cervical cancer screening and its barriers among women: Kashan, Iran]

Objective [s]: With respect to importance use of cervical cancer screening to cervical cancer diagnosis and lack of enough information in this context, this study entitled Factors associated with cervical cancer screening and its barriers among women in Kashan was performed

Methods: This is Cross-sectional study that performed on 1000 women by cluster sampling. Data collected by fill in questioner by interview with woman and then analyzed by statistical tests

Results: 20% of women reported never having Pap smear test. 80% reported having had at least one test that 34.7% of them had only one Pap smear. 11.3% had done test in standard interval. 52.8% of women use of Pap test 12 year or most after marriage at first. There was significant relation between use of Pap smear with education level [P=0.001], income [P=0.012], parity [P=0.00], statues married [P=0.012], contraception method [P=0.001]. The most commonly endorsed barriers were lock of knowledge of necessity of cervical cancer screening [39.9%] and shyness when they go to clinic [26.3%]

Conclusion: Based on finding this study, the most of women in Kashan don't repeat in standard interval and the most barrier cervical cancer screening was lock of knowledge of necessity of cervical cancer screening. Recommend to early diagnosis cervical cancer, health care professionals must provide women with more information about the benefits of participating in cervical cancer screening programs

[Comparative study of the postnatal quality of life subscales after normal vaginal delivery and caesarean section]

Objective [s]: Physical, emotional and social change occurred in postnatal period which can affect the quality of life. In this study the postnatal quality of life subscales after normal vaginal delivery and caesarean section was compared

Methods: An analytical cohort study was conducted on mothers with caesarian [n=150] and normal vaginal delivery [n=150]. The mother's referring to health centers in kashan city filled the Sf-36 questionnaire 2 and 4 months after delivery. Questionnaire aspects compared between two groups and in each group .Data was analyzed by SPSS software by using chi square, independent t- test, and Mann-Whitey U test

Results: Findings showed higher score in physical health and physical role limitation 2 months after delivery in normal vaginal delivery group and higher score in physical health, social function and emotional health 4 months after delivery in normal vaginal delivery. The mean scores for social function and emotional health improved significantly in two months interval in vaginal delivery group

Conclusion: The quality of life in many of dimensions did not show significant different in two groups, Nevertheless there was a better quality of life especially in physical health, 2 months after delivery and physical and emotional health, 4 months after delivery in vaginal delivery group

[Quality of life in menopausal and non menopausal women]

Objective [s]: To compare between the quality of life in menopausal and non menopausal women in Kashan, Iran

Method: In this cross sectional study, 200 women aged 40-60 in Kashan city with purposeful sampling were investigated. Menopausal Specific Quality of life questionnaire [MENQOL] was used for estimation of QOL. Then mean score of different domains were comprised between two groups and data were analyzed with SPSS software package and statistical tests X², paired t- test and Mann witheny U

Results: Results showed that mean scores of quality of life in vasomotor, psychosocial, physical and sexual domains was higher in menopausal women versus non menopausal women and a statistically significant difference between two groups quality of life scores in four domains were seen [P=0.0001]

Conclusion: The quality of life in menopausal periods is poor, therefore it is necessary to pay attention to women in these periods and emphasized on teaching about menopause, its symptoms and its adverse effects

[ efficacy of 2% lidocaine gel versus diclofenac suppository in pain relieving after episiotomy]

The most important problems after episiotomy is perinal pain which has more severity in the first day of postpartum. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of 2% lidocaine gel versus diclofenac suppository in reliving of pain after episiotomy. In a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, 130 women who had mediolateral episiotomy received 2% lidocaine gel [n = 65] or diclofenac suppository [n = 65] at Shabihkhani hospital in Kashan [Iran]. Two groups were matched for age, gestational age, parity, education, nationality, infant sex and weight, type of episiotomy, consumption of pethedin in labor. After episiotomy repaired we administered 5cc lidocaine gel every 4 hours for women in lidocaine group and 100 mg diclofenac rectal suppository for women in diclofenac group. Using a verbal rating scale, pain ratings were recorded before the administration of the drugs and at 6 and 12 hrs after the first dose. Data were analyzed with t-test, chi[2] and fisher test. Although there weren't any significant differences between pain severity in two groups at 6 hours [P=0.4] and 12 hours [P=0.6] after episiotomy repair, but women using diclofenac suppository had lower pain, Also there weren't any significant differences between two groups in consumption of analgesia in postpartum [P=0.2]. There weren't any adverse effects with lidocaine gel or diclofenac suppository uses. This study suggests that lidocaine gel and diclofenac suppository have similar efficacy on episiotomy pain relief in the first day of postpartum