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Objective@#Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced during cryopreservation of human sperm and impair sperm function. Antioxidant compounds, such as fennel and purslane, reduce the damaging effects of ROS. This study aimed to evaluate motility parameters, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular ROS, and DNA damage to determine the optimum concentrations of hydroalcoholic extracts of fennel and purslane for human spermatozoa cryopreservation. @*Methods@#Twenty human sperm samples were used and divided into seven equal groups consisting of fennel hydroalcoholic extract (5, 10, and 15 mg/L), purslane hydroalcoholic extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/L), and no additive. @*Results@#Supplementation of 25 mg/L and 50 mg/L purslane extract and 10 mg/L fennel extract in cryopreservation extender significantly increased the motility and PMI of sperm with a significant reduction in intracellular ROS compared to control groups (p<0.05). A 50 mg/L concentration of purslane extract elevated progressive motility and MMP compared to the control group (p<0.05). No significant differences were seen for motion patterns and DNA damage of frozen-thawed human sperm in extender containing these extracts. @*Conclusion@#The results showed that supplementation of 50 mg/L purslane extract and 10 mg/L fennel extract in semen cryopreservation extender has the potential to decrease intracellular ROS and subsequently elevate the motility and PMI of human sperm.
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Abstract ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) production is a usual plant reaction to environmental stresses such as allelopathy. Plants possess antioxidant enzymes to scavenge cells and resist against the ROS. This study was conducted to evaluate changes in antioxidant enzymes (CAT, GPX, APX) in radish seedlings in response to allelopathic effect of safflower root and shoot residues grown under normal irrigation and drought stress. Safflower allelopathic effect led to an increase in antioxidant enzymes activities. GPX activity increased more than CAT and APX. Radish seedlings exposed to safflower residue grown under drought stress showed more antioxidant enzymes activities. Root residues enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes greater than shoot. Seedlings exposed to root residues grown under drought stress had the highest level of antioxidant enzymes activities.
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Raízes de Plantas/efeitos adversos , Carthamus/anatomia & histologia , Raphanus/anatomia & histologia , Alelopatia , Antioxidantes/análiseRESUMO
Objective@#Sperm vitrification leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage the functional parameters of sperm. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effect of Nigella sativa extract on motility, plasma membrane function, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), DNA damage, and intracellular ROS production. @*Methods@#A total of 20 sperm samples were used. Samples were divided into six experimental groups, including groups with aqueous extract from N. sativa seeds at concentrations of 1% to 6%, a cryopreserved control group, and a fresh control group. @*Results@#Statistical analysis showed significantly higher total sperm motility at concentrations of 3% to 6% than in the vitrified semen control group. Additionally, progressive motility and all motion characteristics at all concentrations were significantly higher than in the vitrified semen control group. The presence of N. sativa seed extract also improved the quality of the sperm parameters assayed in all experimental groups (1%–6%; intracellular ROS production, DNA damage, MMP, and sperm membrane function) compared to the control group. @*Conclusion@#Higher concentrations of N. sativa led to improvements in all sperm parameters and sperm quality. These findings indicate that N. sativa seed extract is effective for improving the quality of sperm after vitrification.
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Amino acids can protect sperm structure in cryopreservation due to their antioxidant properties. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of L-carnitine (LC) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on motility parameters, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), DNA damage, and human sperm intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) during vitrification. Methods: Twenty normal human sperm samples were examined. Each sample was divided into six equal groups: LC (1 and 10 mM), NAC (5 and 10 mM), and cryopreserved and fresh control groups. Results: The groups treated with LC and NAC showed favorable findings in terms of motility parameters, DNA damage, and MMP. Significantly higher levels of intracellular ROS were observed in all cryopreserved groups than in the fresh group (p≤0.05). The presence of LC and NAC at both concentrations caused an increase in PMI, MMP, and progressive motility parameters, as well as a significant reduction in intracellular ROS compared to the control group (p≤0.05). The concentrations of the amino acids did not show any significant effect. Conclusion: LC and NAC are promising as potential additives in sperm cryopreservation.
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Background: diabetes has an adverse effect on spermatogenesis by rising oxidative stress
Objective: the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Teucrium Polium extract administration on spermatogenesis and testicular structure in diabetic rats induced with Streptozotocin
Materials and Methods: 32 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups [n=8/each]: control group, diabetic group received distilled water, and two experimental groups included diabetic rats treated with 50 and 100 mg/body weight of Teucrium Polium extract for 6 six weeks. After six weeks, the left testis had been removed and the morphometrical study was performed. Blood samples were collected from the ophthalmic veins of the rats and plasma levels of glucose and testosterone hormone were measured afterward
Results: the reduction in diameters of the seminiferous tubules and thickening of the wall of the seminiferous tubules [p=0.05] were seen in diabetic rats. Also, the degenerative changes in cells arrangement have been observed. Statistical analysis showed the use of Teucrium Polium significantly improved the above disorders in treatment group [100 mg/BW] in contrast to the non-treated diabetic group [p=0.05], but no significant difference was seen between the experimental group treated with 50 mg/BW of Teucrium polium and diabetic group [p=0.08]. These data also revealed that treatment of diabetic rats with 100 mg/BW of Teucrium Polium extract significantly improves the change in serum glucose [p=0.001] and testosterone [p=0.03]
Conclusion: the results of the present study indicate that diabetes produces degenerative changes in the testis of rats and administration of Teucrium polium reduces complications resulted from diabetes
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The voltammetric performance of edge-plane pyrolytic graphite [EPG] electrode via adsorptive stripping voltammetry was investigated for study of the electrochemical behavior of omeprazole [OMZ] in aqueous solution. The results revealed that the oxidation of OMZ is an irreversible pH-dependent process that proceeds with the transfer of one electron and one proton in an adsorption-controlled mechanism. The determination conditions, such as the pH values of the supporting electrolyte, accumulation time and scan rate were optimized. Simplicity, high reproducibility and low detection limit [3 nM] of the electrode response as well as wide linear range [0.01 to 4.0 microM] can be stated as significant features of this electrode. The EPG electrode was successfully applied for the determination of OMZ in pharmaceutical formulations and satisfactory results were obtained
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Grafite , Eletrodos , EletroquímicaRESUMO
Diclofenac sodium as ophthalmic dosage form is used for the treatment of the pain, swelling and redness of patients' eyes recovering from cataract surgery; however, it faces the bioavailability limitation of eye drops due to effective protective mechanisms and corneal barrier functions in the eyes. Therefore, this investigation was aimed to develop ocular film formulations to achieve controlled drug release. Drug films were prepared using polymers, namely hydroxypropyl methylcellulose [HPMC] and polyvinyl pyrrolidone [PVP], Eudragit RL PO, and Eudragit RS PO by solvent casting method considering parameters such as drug: polymer ratio, different polymer combinations as well as plasticizer effect. Ocular films were evaluated for various physicochemical parameters such as physical characters, film thickness, uniformity of weight, drug content, swelling index, mucoadhesion time and in-vitro release study. Ocular films complied with all physicochemical parameters underwent in-vitro release study. Finally, the film formulation with HPMC: Eudragit RS PO 1:1 ratio, Drug: Polymer ratio 1:45 and glycerin as plasticizer showed controlled and prolonged release following the zero order and non-Fickian transport