RESUMO
To detect the prevalence of asymptomatic urinary abnormalities in primary school Egyptian children, 1670 healthy children from Dakahila governorate were screed for hematuria and proteinuria using dipstick method. They were 910 males and 760 females. At the first screening, 22 children [1.3%] had urinary abnormalities however only 12 [0.72%] out of them had urinary abnormalities at the second screening. Out of children who had urinary abnormalities, six [0.36%] had isolated hematuria [IH], two [0.12%] had isolated proteinuria [IP] and four [0.24%] had combined hematuria and proteinuria [CHP], Renal biopsy was performed on four children [two had CHP, one had IH and the other had IP]. PSAGN was identified in three children of those who had lH. While the other two had hypercalciuria and renal stone and no abnormality was detected in the sixth child. One of IP children had orthostatic proteinuria while the other had focal segmental glomerulosclerosus. The pattem of renal diseases in CHP children was PSAGN in two, diffuse mesangial proliferation in one and IgA nephropathy in the other. In conclusion, asymptomatic urinary abnormalities are not present in considerable percentage among primary school children in our locality. PSAGN is the leading cause for these abnormalities. Only three children have evidence of chronic kidney disease which raises the issue of considering the cost-benefit ratio before the national implementation of the urine screening program