possible radio protective role of aphanizomenon flos-aquae [AFA] on heart of the adult male albino rats

Aim of the work: this study demonstrated the drastic effects of ionizing radiation on the heart tissue of the adult male albino rats and the possible radio protective role of AFA extract

Material and Methods: a total of forty-eight mature male albino rats [Rattus rattus] weighing 180-200g were fed on standard rodent pellets. Rats were equally categorized into four groups; each group contained 12 rats. These groups were: 1-untreated normal control rats [C]; 2- rats exposed to 4Gy of gamma-radiation [Irradiated group R] and then they were sacrificed on days 5 and 21 [R1 and R2 groups respectively] post-irradiation; 3- rats were treated orally with 94.5mg/kg body weight/day of AFA extract for 3 weeks [AFA group] and then they were sacrificed on 5 and 21 days [A1 and A2 groups respectively] post- treatment; 4- rats were treated orally with 94.5mg/kg body weight/day of AFA extract for a period of one week before irradiation and three weeks after irradiation [AFA-irradiated group], then the rats were sacrificed on 5 and 21 days [AR1 and AR2 groups respectively] post-irradiation and treatment, then the hearts were immediately excised

Results: many drastic changes were observed in the cardiac muscle fibres of rats of R1 group. These changes included: numerous hemorrhagic areas which contained hemolyzed blood cells and some nuclei of myocardiocytes were pyknotic and others were hypertrophied with destruction in some fibres and widened endomysium. Aggravated changes were also observed in the heart of rats of R2 group such as highly elongated and congested cardiac blood vessels which contained hemolyzed blood cells and hemosiderin granules, numerous hemorrhagic areas, necrotic areas and widened endomysium. On the other hand, highly increased collagen fibres and amyloid-beta deposits were also noticed in the cardiac tissues of rats of R1 and R2 groups with decreased PAS positive materials, total protein and DNA materials. Normal architecture of the cardiac muscle fibres was detected in the rats of A1, A2 groups with slightly increased collagen fibres and slightly decreased PAS positive materials, total protein, amyloid-beta protein and DNA materials. Also, AR1, AR2 groups showed somewhat normal appearance and well developed cardiac muscle fibres, but some dilated endmysium spaces were still detected in the cardiac muscle fibres of rats of group AR2. Furthermore, increased collagen fibres and amyloid-beta deposits were realized in the cardiac muscle fibres of rats of AR1, AR2 groups with decreased PAS positive materials, total protein and DNA materials

Conclusions: AFA showed cardio- protective effect and powerful antioxidant action. So, it can be used under medical supervision as a natural supplement

Protective effects of sulpiride treatment on kidney functions of female albino rats exposed to noise stress

Background: noise is the most stressful factor for experimental animals. So these studies aim to clarify its effect on some physiological and histological parameters

Material and methods: 36 Female rats were divided into four groups [6/each]:1-control, 2-treated with sulpiride drug, 3- noise exposure [90db/3h per day for 30days], 4-noise + drug

Results: drug recorded no significant change in all the studied parameters. Noise stress recorded a significant increase in creatinine, total lipids, TG, Cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and no significant changes in urea, uric acide. It has been detected that sulpiride drug ameliorated most of these parameters.Concerning the histological and histochemical studies sulpiride treatment showed no detectable changes in the kidney tissue with exception of increased lymphocytes. Exposure to noise showed many dystrophic changes in the kidney tissue, but drug treatment improved all the previous changes and this indicates the protective effect of sulpiride against noise exposure

Conclusion: it is useful to use sulpiride drug in people who exposed to noise stress

Effect of noise stress and /or sulpiride treatment on some physiological and histological parameters in female albino rats

Background: noise is the most stressful factor and human being. So these studies aim to clarify its effect on some physiological and histological parameters

Material and methods: 24 Female rats were divided into four groups [6/each]:1-control, 2-treated with sulpiride drug, 3- noise exposure [90db/3h per day for 30days], 4-noise + drug

Results: drug recorded a significant increase only in the percentage of body weight gain but the other parameters showed no significant changes. Noise stress recorded a significant increase in glucose, ALT, GGT, TP, globulin. A significant decrease in percentage of body weight gain and A/G ratio were also detected . It has been detected that Sulpiride drug ameliorated most of these parameters. Concerning the histological and histochemical studies sulpiride treatment showed no detectable changes in the liver tissues with exception of increased lymphocytes. Exposure to noise showed many dystrophic change in tissue, but drug treatment improved all the previous changes and this indicates the protective effect of sulpiride against noise exposure

Conclusion: it is useful to use sulpiride drug in people who expose to noise stress

Biochemical, histological and histochemical studies of oat [Avena sativa] on hyperlipidemic rats

Hyperlipidemia is an elevation of lipids in the blood stream and these lipids include: fats, fatty acids, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and triglycerides. Hyperlipidemia is associated with hepatic fat accumulation. Six groups [5rat/group] of female albino [Rattus albinus] were used. The 1[st] group used as control, in the 2[nd] group Hyperlipidemia [25% fat and 2% cholesterol] was induced for 3 weeks only then sacrified, the 3[rd] group was hyperlipidemic rats for 3 weeks then left other 3 weeks without any additional treatment as a recovery period, the 4[th] group served as hyperlipidemic group for 3 weeks then treated with Avena sativa for another 3 weeks [200 g/Kg diet], the 5[th] group was hyperlipidemic [25% fat and 2% cholesterol] for 6 weeks and the 6[th] group served as hyperlipidemic rats for 6 weeks, and at the same time given Avena sativa in diet [200 g/Kg diet]. The biochemical parameters showed highly significant increase in body weight, serum glucose, AST, ALT, GGT, LDH, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, while there was highly significant decrease in HDL- cholesterol.Many histopathological and histochemical changes were detected in liver tissue of the hyperlipidemic rats. Meanwhile, the treatment with oat ameliorated the biochemical parameters, histological and histochemical results. It is recommend to use oat in diets for hyperlipidemic patients or those people who have hyperlipidemic family history

Effect of crowding stress and /or sulpiride treatment on some physiological and histological parameters in female albino rats

Crowding is the most stressful factor on human being. So these studies aimed to clarify effect on some physiological and histological parameters. 36 Female rats were divided into four groups [6/each]:1-control, 2-treated with sulpiride drug,3- crowded exposure 4- crowded + drug. drug recorded a significant increase only in the percentage of body weight gain but the other parameters showed no significant changes. Stress recorded a significant increase in glucose, ALT, GGT, TP, globulin, creatinine, total lipids, TG, cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C. A significant decrease in percentage of body weight gain and A/G ratio were also detected. Sulpiride drug ameliorated most of these parameters. Concerning the histological and histochemical studies sulpiride treatment showed no detectable changes in the kidney and liver tissues with exception of increased lymphocytes. Exposure to crowding showed many dystrophic changes in both tissue, but drug treatment improved all the previous changes and this indicates the protective effect of sulpiride against crowding exposure. it is useful to use sulpiride drug in people who exposed to crowded stress

Ultrastructural, histological and histochemical study on the effect of electromagnetic field on the liver of pregnant rats and their foetuses

Exposure of pregnant rats to 50 Hz, 2 mT caused many ultrastructural, histological and histochemical changes in liver of pregnant rats and their foetuses. Highly affected mitochondria, degenerated cristae and rER, decreased ribosomes were observed with dystrophic changes in cytoplasm and nuclei of foetal and maternal hepatocytes with decreased glycogen and increased collagenous fibers. Protein content was highly affected. It is clear that foetal liver is more sensitive to the electromagnetic field [EMF] than maternal ones

Ultrastructural, histological and histochemical study on the effect of electromagnetic field on the kidney cortex of pregnant rats and their foetuses

Exposure to 50 Hz 2 mT caused dystrophic changes in kidney cortex of maternal and foetal rats. Large degenerated areas, internal bleeding and highly affected glomeruli were detected. Epithelial cells of distal convoluted tubules [ds] were highly sensitive to EMF than proximal convoluted tubules [px].foetuses were more sensitive than maternal ones. Golgi apparatus was more resistant than mitochondria. Altered polysaccharides, protein and collagen were noticed in kidney of exposed pregnant rats and their foetuses