RESUMO
Objective: To study the relative frequency of the disorders causing childhood thrombocytopenia
Patients and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Division, the Children Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, Lahore and the Department of Pediatrics, Services Hospital Lahore. The duration of the study was 1 year from March 2005 to April 2006. Two hundred cases having platelet countless than 1, 50,000/mm3 were included in this study. Causes of thrombocytopenia were determined on the basis of history, physical examination and various investigations. The data were collected on a proforma and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 8. The results were compared with other studies. Chi- Square test was applied to determine P-values
Results: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was found to be the commonest cause of childhood thrombocytopenia observed in 60 [30.0%] cases, followed by hypoplastic / aplastic anemia 40 [20%] cases, AML in 30 [15%], ITP in 28 [14%] cases and megaloblastic anemia in 20 [10%] cases. Drugs and infections together caused thrombocytopenia in a considerable number of patients. 96 children [48.0%] had platelet count in the range of 11-40 x 10[9]/L. Hemorrhagic manifestations were seen in 123 [61.5%] children. Epistaxis and purpura / bruises were the main presenting bleeding manifestations
Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia is associated with different disorders and acute lymphoblastic leukemia was found be the most common of childhood thrombocytopenia
RESUMO
Chronic and excessive ethanol consumption is associated with cellular proliferation, fibrosis, cirrhosis and cancer of liver. It was planned to study the effect of alcohol on different biochemical parameters as distribution of these parameters may lead to several complications in gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, brain etc. 50 alcoholic males and 20 normal subjects [with no history of alcohol] with an age ranges 30-45 years were included in the study. Biochemical parameters related to liver were estimated by standard kit. Besides, ions and electrolytes were also determined by standard kit and flame photometery. It was observed that level of alkaline phosphatase, alanine transferase, protein and globulin were significantly increased as compared to normal subjects. Besides, ions like calcium and phosphate were significantly decreased. On the other hand the level of potassium and magnesium was significantly decreased as compared to normal subjects. Electrophoresis shows a protein of 100Kda is present in the patients sample as compared to control subjects. It is therefore concluded that abnormal biochemical function of liver in alcoholism can lead to several complications, hence further research is needed to reach a definite conclusion