RESUMO
Respiratory distress syndrome( RDS) is a critical respiratory disease and commonly occurs in preterm infants. Preterm RDS is mainly due to the deficiency of lung surfactant. However,recent studies have in-dicated that genetic susceptibility may involve in the pathogenesis of RDS in preterm infants. In this paper,recent research progresses of genetic susceptibility and related candidate genes of RDS in preterm infants at home and abroad are reviewed.
RESUMO
The effects of radiotherapy (RT) on the survival of cancer patients are interpreted as a consequence of the improved lo-cal control of tumors that directly decrease systemic spreading. Some of the effects of ionizing radiation are recognized as a contribu-tion to systemic antitumor immunity, which can provide sufficient evidence for proposing a paradigm shift. Recent examples of objec-tive responses achieved by adding radiotherapy to immunotherapy in metastatic cancer patients support this view. Preclinical data indi-cate that RT can convert irradiated tumor into an in situ individualized vaccine and potentiate the systemic efficacy of immunotherapy, whereas activation of the innate and adaptive immune system can enhance the local efficacy of RT. This study summarizes key evi-dence that support the role of radiotherapy as an immune adjuvant and some of the current challenges in translating this knowledge for clinical use.