Research progress on the mechanism of exosomes in diabetic retinopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles that are secreted by a variety of cells in the body. They carry particular miRNA, protein molecules, transcription factors, and other information molecules, and they play a role in the pathophysiological regulation of a number of diseases in the body. Exosomes can persist steadily in biological tissues and bodily fluids. Exosomes have quickly advanced in ophthalmology in recent years due to the extensive studies of exosomes in a variety of fields, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, autoimmune uveitis, corneal disease, glaucoma, and other diseases. The number of people who are blind caused by diabetic retinopathy is rising as living standards rise. However, it is still unclear how diabetic retinopathy works. In recent years, many studies have found that exosomes play an important role in diabetic retinopathy. In this paper, the most recent developments in exosome studies as they relate to the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic retinopathy are reviewed.

Research progress on mechanisms of neuroinflammation induced by methamphetamine and HIV-1 Tat protein / 中国药理学通报

Methamphetamine abuse and HIV infection are extremely serious public health and social problems facing the world today. Methamphetamine and HIV-1 Tat protein can induce neurotoxicity in an individual and synergistic way, and neuroinflammation is one of the most important mechanisms for ca-using neurotoxicity. Neuroinflammation can be mediated by glial cells, cytokines, NLRP3 inflammasomes, etc. This paper reviews the research progress of neuroinflammation induced by methamphetamine and HIV-1 Tat protein in recent years, with the aim of providing reference and basis for further exploration of the mechanisms of neuroinflammation caused by them and effective drug intervention targets in the future.

Recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华内科杂志

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with complicated pathogenesis and diverse clinical manifestations. The current recommendations of the Chinese Rheumatology Association are based on a comprehensive investigation of evidence based medicine, domestic and international guidelines for SLE, and experts' proposals, and aim to provide a more scientific and authoritative reference for the diagnosis and management of SLE. The recommendations focus on four aspects; clinical manifestations, laboratory evaluation, diagnosis and disease assessment, and disease treatment and monitoring. The goal of the recommendations is to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of SLE in China so as to improve the prognosis of SLE patients.

The mechanism of Belamcanda chinensis in the treatment of glioma based on network pharmacology and molecular simulation / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the potential molecular biological mechanism of Belamcanda chinensis in the treatment of glioma based on network pharmacology, molecular docking technology and in vitro cell experiments. 【Methods】 ① The active components, targets of Belamcanda chinensis and targets of glioma were obtained by database search. String database was used to analyze protein-protein interaction relationship, R project was used to analyze gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, Cytoscape software was used to build "compound-target-disease" network and PPI network, and AutoDock software was used to verify molecular docking. ② Western blotting, qRT-PCT and apoptosis assay were used to verify the enrichment results of network pharmacology targets and protein pathway. 【Results】 ① We screened out 32 types of active components, 484 types of targets and 464 types of glioma targets, and obtained 62 kinds of therapeutic targets after mapping. We obtained 12 kinds of key pharmacodynamic molecules such as Isoiridogermanal, Iridobelamal A and Rhamnazinand and other key pharmacodynamic molecules, as well as AKT1, STAT3, HRAS and other core targets by network topology analysis. Enrichment analysis results demonstrated that they were mainly involved in biological processes such as peptide serine phosphorylation, protein kinase B signal transduction, peptide serine modification, and pathways including PI3K/AKT signal pathway and Rap1 signal pathway. The results of molecular docking verified the good binding activity of the key pharmacodynamic molecules with the core targets. ② The results of Western blotting showed that the protein expressions of VEGF and MMP9 of Belamcanda chinensis extracts in 8 mg/mL and 16 mg/mL groups were significantly lower than those in the blank control group (P<0.01 or P<0.001). Compared with the blank control group, the early apoptosis rate of Belamcanda chinensis extracts at 8 mg/mL and 16 mg/mL were significantly decreased (P<0.001 or P<0.000 1). qRT-PCR results showed that the mRNA expression levels of VEGF and MMP9 in Belamcanda chinensis extracts at 8 mg/mL and 16 mg/mL were significantly decreased (P<0.001 or P<0.0001). 【Conclusion】 The treatment of glioma with Belamcanda chinensis is the result of multi-component, multi-target and multi-channel interactions. The results of cell experiments confirmed that Belamcanda chinensis extracts can affect the expressions of related target proteins of PI3K/AKT signal pathway and VEGF and MMP9, which verified the results of network pharmacology. The results provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Belamcanda chinensis and studies on glioma.

Research progress of endoplasmic reticulum stress in methamphetamine induced neurotoxicity / 中国药理学通报

At present, METH has surpassed the traditional illegal psychoactive substances and become the most widely abused illegal psychostimulant in China.Endoplasmic reticulum ( ER) plays an important role in regulating the normal physiological functions of various cells by virtue of its strong membrane strnc- ture and a large number of enzymes on the membrane.Endoplasmic reticulum stress ( ERS) is a series of adaptive responses made by cells when ER homeostasis is destroyed.When ERS occurs, it will drive the activation of unfolded protein response (I PR ) , which aims to protect cells from stress, reduce biosyn- thetic load and help to rebuild cell homeostasis.Persistent ERS will further aggravate the pressure of ER and induce cell death by using UPR signaling pathway.'Hie neurotoxicity induced by METH is closely related to ERS.This paper elaborates on ERS and UPR signaling pathway, and summarizes the relationship between ERS.apoptosis and autophagy, so as to provide new ideas and potential therapeutic targets for the basic research and prevention of METH induced neurotoxicity mechanism.

Clinical and genetic analysis of a Chinese pedigree affected with benign familial neonatal convulsion / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical phenotype and genetic variant in a Chinese pedigree affected with benign familial neonatal convulsion (BFNC).@*METHODS@#Clinical data and peripheral blood samples of the pedigree were obtained with informed consent. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out for the proband. Candidate variants were verified by Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#The pedigree comprised 9 individuals, among whom 4 were affected, including 3 males and 1 female. All patients had developed seizures during the neonatal period, which had ceased in 4 to 6 months. One patient had recurrence in between 1 and 2 years old. Genetic testing has identified a novel nonsense c.810G>A (p.W270X) variant in exon 5 of the KCNQ2 gene, which has co-separated with the BFNC phenotype in the pedigree.@*CONCLUSION@#The patients from this pedigree have conformed to the diagnosis of BFNC with good prognosis, which was in keeping with previously reported cases. The heterozygous c.810G>A (p.W270X) nonsense variant of the KCNQ2 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of BFNC in this pedigree, which has expanded the mutational spectrum of the disease.

Determination of formic acid in urine by automatic headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for the determination of formic acid in urine by automatic headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. METHODS: The urine sample was added with 3 mL 15.00%(V/V) sulfuric acid ethanol and heated in an automatic headspace sampler. The formic acid and ethanol underwent an esterification reaction to produce ethyl formate which was separated by gas chromatographic column and detected by mass spectrometer. The quantification was based on external standard method. RESULTS: The linear range of the method was 2.93-97.60 mg/L, with the regression equation correlation coefficient of 0.999 5. The detection limit was 0.65 mg/L and the minimum quantitative limit was 2.17 mg/L, with the recoveries of 95.61%-106.47%. The within-run relative standard deviation(RSD) ranged from 2.52% to 8.05% and the between-run RSD ranged from 6.58% to 8.42%. CONCLUSION: The method has simple pretreatment, good specificity, high precision and has little interference. It is suitable for large scale rapid determination of formic acid in urine in occupational contact population, patients with acute methanol poisoning and general population.

Clinical Efficiency of Rituximab Combined with Autologous Hematopoietic Blood Stem Cell Transplantation for Treatment of CD20 / 中国实验血液学杂志

METHODS@#From January 2005 to December 2013, 83 patients with refractory/recurrent CD20@*RESULTS@#All the patient achieved complete response. The median follow.up time was 39 months. Both the two groups collected peripheral blood stem cells successfully, and had no difference in hematopoietic reconstitution time. Three patients in treatment group and six patients in control group relapsed and the three year overall survival and EFS in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group, that is（93.0% vs 73.1%, P=0.037） and （89.5% vs 65.4%, P=0.034）, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that: compared with the treatment group in which using R in the whole courses(before and after transplantation, and collection of stem cells) was superior to the control group in both OS and EFS, with the OS 97% vs 87.5% (P>0.05) and EFS 97% vs 76.2% (P=0.05) respectively. While stratified by the different courses of rituximab, the OS was 88.9% (1-2 courses, 9 cases), 93.1% (3-4 courses, 29 cases), 94.7%(more than 5 courses,19 cases), and EFS was 77.8%, 89.7% and 94.7%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#For the patients with refractory/recurrent CD20

Network Meta-analysis of oral Chinese patent medicine in treatment of knee osteoarthritis / 中国中药杂志

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA) with network Meta-analysis, and provide evidence-based medicine evidences for clinical practice. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM were used to search for clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on Chinese patent medicines for treatment of knee osteoarthritis, with a time limit from the establishment of each database to March 2020. The bias risk assessment tool recommended by Cochrane was used to evaluate the quality of the included RCTs. The network Meta-analysis was performed by Stata 14.0 software. A total of 5 788 patients in 58 RCTs were included, involving 9 kinds of Chinese patent medicines. The results of the network Meta-analysis indicated that in terms of total effective rate, the top three optimal medication regimens were Jinwu Gutong Capsules + Amino Acid Glucose(AAG), Xianling Gubao + AAG and Biqi Capsules; the top three interventions to reduce the VAS score were Panlongqi Tablets > Xianling Gubao + AAG > Xianling Gubao + non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs); the top three interventions to reduce the total score of WOMAC were Jintiange Capsules+NSAIDs> Jinwu Gutong Capsules + AAG > Biqi Capsules + NSAIDs; the top three medication schemes with better curative effect to reduce Lequesnse index were Xianling Gubao + NSAIDs > Biqi Capsules + NSAIDs > Jintiange Capsules + NSAIDs; the top three interventions to reduce TNF-α level Xianling Gubao + AAG > Jintiange Capsules > Jintiange Capsules + AAG=Jinwu Gutong Capsules + AAG. In terms of safety, the top five interventions with the least adverse reactions were Biqi Capsules > Jinwu Gutong Capsules > Biqi Capsules + NSAIDs > Xianling Gubao + NSAIDs > Jintiange Capsules. The combined application of Chinese patent medicine and NSADIs or AAG can improve the clinical treatment effect and reduce adverse reactions in KOA patients.

Chinese registry of rheumatoid arthritis: IV. Correlation and consistency of rheumatoid arthritis disease activity indices in China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Disease activity indices (DAIs) including disease activity score 28 (DAS28), simplified disease activity index (SDAI), and clinical disease activity index (CDAI) have been widely used in clinical practice and research studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of our study was to evaluate the correlation and concordance among different DAIs in Chinese patients with RA.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional study, including patients enrolled in the Chinese registry of rheumatoid arthritis from November 2016 to August 2018, was conducted. The correlations were evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficient and concordance with Bland-Altman plots, quadratic weighted kappa, and discordance rates in the crosstab. For other indices, the optimal cutoff points corresponding to SDAI remission were explored through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 30,501 patients were included, of whom 80.46% were women. Most individuals were with moderate disease activity or high disease activity. High correlations among DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and DAS28-C-reactive protein (CRP), SDAI and CDAI were observed. Similarly, the weighted kappa value among the indices was high. In Bland-Altman plots, a positive difference between DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP was observed, with an absolute difference of >1.2 in 3079 (10.09%) patients. In crosstab, approximately 30% of the patients were classified into different groups. Concordance values between SDAI remission and the optimal cutoff points of DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, and CDAI were 3.06, 2.37, and 3.20, respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Although DAIs had high correlations and weighted kappa values, the discordance between DAIs was significant in Chinese patients with RA. The four DAIs are not interchangeable.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Dermoscopy for Scabies

The diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy (DS) for scabies, a highly contagious parasitic disease, remains disputed. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of DS in scabies, analyze the factors influencing DS, and explore its role in post-treatment evaluation. Patients with suspected scabies were randomly divided into 2 groups: 71 patients in the skin scraping (SS) group and 73 patients in the DS group. The diagnostic efficiencies of SS and DS in these groups were calculated. We also analyzed the influence of body part and investigator competence on the accuracy of DS. Then 16 body parts with typical signs of scabies were monitored by DS 2 and 4 day after sulfur ointment treatment. The sensitivity and specificity of DS were 98.3% and 88.5%, respectively. Hands, arms, and the abdomen had higher positivity rates than other body parts (P<0.001). The accuracy of dermatologists’ interpretations of images negative for scabies in the intermediate- and high-level groups was higher than that in the low-level group (P<0.001). At follow-up, the mites were still visible on 43.8% to 62.5% of the skin lesions 2 and 4 day after sulfur ointment treatment. These results showed that DS could significantly increase the accuracy of diagnosing scabies owing to its high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, it may be useful for monitoring clinical responses to anti-parasitic treatment.

Clinical Features of Relapsing Polychondritis Patients Presented with Arthropathy / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of relapsing polychondritis(RP)patients presented with arthropathy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 201 RP patients who were hospitalized in our center between December 2005 and February 2019.After 16 patients with co-existing other autoimmune diseases and malignancies were ruled out,185 RP patients entered the final analysis,among whom 16 RP patients were presented with arthropathy and 169 without arthropathy.The demographic data,clinical manifestations,laboratory findings,and prognosis were compared between these two groups. Results Five of the 16 RP patients with arthropathy at presentation were misdiagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis.Compared with RP patients without arthropathy at presentation,RP patients with arthropathy at presentation had a longer disease course[(37.50±66.50)months

Expression and role of autophagy-associated gene FKBP1A in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To study the role of autophagy-associated gene regulation FK506 binding protein 1A (FKBP1A) in the regulation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).Methods:TCGA was used to analyze the gene expression difference between HNSCC and normal tissues, and the DAVID was employed to perform functional annotation of differently expressed autophagy-associated genes enrichment in HNSCC. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to find genes that were meaningful for the prognosis of HNSCC patients in TCGA; the Gene Expression Comprehensive Database (GEO) was employed to verify the prognosis of the screened gene; the prognosis of HNSCC patients was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier Plotter.Results:Compared with the normal tissues samples, a total of 38 genes significantly changed in HNSCC tissues. These differential genes were mainly distributed in autophagy-associated pathways in biological processes (BP), cellular components (CC) and molecular functions (MF) in GO analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis found that 18 autophagy-associated genes were significantly correlated with the prognosis of HNSCC patients in the TCGA database. Among them, the high-risk genes were verified in the GEO database, and found that FKBP1A was closely related to the prognosis of HNSCC patients. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays showed that the expression of FKBP1A in patients with HNSCC was higher than that of the corresponding adjacent tissues, and was closely related to the stage of HNSCC.Conclusions:This study used integrated bioinformatics methods to study the role of autophagy-associated genes in the occurrence and development of HNSCC. Moreover, the screened biomarker, FKBP1A, is closely related to the prognosis of HNSCC, and provide the theoretical basis for the pathogenesis and potential treatment of HNSCC.

Construction of a hybrid curriculum system for standardized residency training based on the concept of outcome-based education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the in-depth analysis of the status quo of the curriculum system for standardized residency training, this paper introduces a hybrid curriculum system for standardized residency training in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, which is guided by the concept of outcome-based education (OBE) and based on three outcome objectives of "task, attitude and occupational characteristics". The paper also analyzes the construction process of the curriculum system from five aspects: outcome design, curriculum design, curriculum implementation, results record and outcomes evaluation, which is of great reference value for further improving the objectives, contents, models and methods of standardized residency training.

Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Complicated with Cytomegalovirus Infection / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)complicated with cytomegalovirus infection(CMV). Methods The medical records of patients diagnosed with SLE at discharge in the Department of Immunology at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between July 1,2017 and April 1,2019 were retrospectively reviewed,and the clinical and laboratory data related to CMV infection were analyzed. Results Of the 231 patients with SLE,115(49.8%)had CMV infection.Among them,78(67.8%)were asymptomatic CMV infection and 37(32.2%)were diagnosed with CMV disease.Univariate analysis showed the number of organs involved(

Diagnostic Accuracy of Dermoscopy for Scabies

The diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy (DS) for scabies, a highly contagious parasitic disease, remains disputed. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of DS in scabies, analyze the factors influencing DS, and explore its role in post-treatment evaluation. Patients with suspected scabies were randomly divided into 2 groups: 71 patients in the skin scraping (SS) group and 73 patients in the DS group. The diagnostic efficiencies of SS and DS in these groups were calculated. We also analyzed the influence of body part and investigator competence on the accuracy of DS. Then 16 body parts with typical signs of scabies were monitored by DS 2 and 4 day after sulfur ointment treatment. The sensitivity and specificity of DS were 98.3% and 88.5%, respectively. Hands, arms, and the abdomen had higher positivity rates than other body parts (P<0.001). The accuracy of dermatologists’ interpretations of images negative for scabies in the intermediate- and high-level groups was higher than that in the low-level group (P<0.001). At follow-up, the mites were still visible on 43.8% to 62.5% of the skin lesions 2 and 4 day after sulfur ointment treatment. These results showed that DS could significantly increase the accuracy of diagnosing scabies owing to its high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, it may be useful for monitoring clinical responses to anti-parasitic treatment.

Clinical analysis of golimumab in the treatment of severe/refractory cardiovascular involvement in Behcet syndrome / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effectiveness and safety of golimumab in the treatment of severe/refractory cardiovascular Behcet syndrome (BS).@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of nine patients diagnosed with severe/refractory cardiovascular BS and treated with golimumab from February 2018 to July 2020 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. We analyzed levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), imaging findings, and the doses of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents during the period of combined treatment with golimumab.@*RESULTS@#Nine patients were enrolled, including 8 males and 1 female, with a mean age and median course of (37.0±8.6) years and 120 (60, 132) months, respectively. Seven patients presented with severe aortic regurgitation combined with other cardiovascular involvement secondary to BS. Two patients presented with large vessel involvement, including multiple aneurysms and vein thrombosis. Prior to golimumab treatment, seven patients were treated with glucocorticoids and multiple immunosuppres-sants [with a median number of 3 (1, 3) types] while still experienced disease progression or elevated inflammation biomarkers during postoperative period. Eight patients with disease progression, uncontrolled inflammation and history of severe postoperative complications required effective and fast control of inflammation during perioperative period. One patient had adverse reaction with tocilizumab and switched to golimumab during perioperative period. The patients were treated with golimumab 50 mg every 4 weeks, along with concomitant treatment of glucocorticoid and immunosuppressants. After a median follow-up of (16.3±5.6) months, all the patients achieved clinical improvement. Vascular lesions were radiologically stable and no vascular progressive or newly-onset of vascular lesions was observed. The eight patients who experienced cardiac or vascular operations showed no evidence of postoperative complications. The ESR and hsCRP levels decreased significantly [16.5 (6.8, 52.5) mm/h vs. 4 (2, 7) mm/h, and 21.24 (0.93, 32.51) mg/L vs. 0.58 (0.37, 1.79) mg/L (P < 0.05), respectively]. The dose of prednisone was tapered from 35 (15, 60) mg/d to 10.0 (10.0, 12.5) mg/d. No prominent adverse reactions were observed.@*CONCLUSION@#Our study suggests that golimumab is effective in the treatment of severe/refractory cardiovascular BS. Combination immunosuppression therapy with golimumab contributes to control of inflammation, reduction of postoperative complications and tapering the dose of glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants.

Treatment satisfaction with rheumatoid arthritis in patients with different disease severity and financial burden: A subgroup analysis of a nationwide survey in China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Despite the recent advances in treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there are still unmet needs in disease outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the satisfaction with drug therapies for RA according to the levels of disease severity (patient-assessed) and proportions of treatment cost to household income.@*METHODS@#This was a subgroup study of a cross-sectional study in patients with RA and their physicians. The patients were subdivided into different subgroups based on their self-assessed severity of RA and on the proportions of treatment cost to household income (50%). The Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication version II was used to assess patients' treatment satisfaction.@*RESULTS@#When considering all medications, effectiveness, convenience, and global satisfaction scores were lower in the severe and moderate RA subgroups than those in the mild and extremely mild RA subgroups (all P 50% subgroup (all P 50% subgroups (F = 12.646, P = 0.005). Global satisfaction score was higher in the <10% subgroup than that in the 31% to 50% subgroup (F = 8.794, P = 0.032).@*CONCLUSION@#Higher disease severity and higher financial burden were associated with lower patient satisfaction.

Comparison of retrograde flexible ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treating intermediate-size renal stones (2-3cm): a meta-analysis and systematic review

ABSTRACT Purpose: To systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of retrograde flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) versus percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in treating intermediate-size renal stones (2-3cm). Materials and Methods: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and EMBASE were researched to identify relevant studies up to May 2018. Article selection was performed through the search strategy based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied to assess the methodological quality of case-control studies. Results: Six retrospective case-controlled trials were included for meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that PCNL was associated with a higher initial stone-free rate (SFR). After more complementary treatments, FURS provided a final SFR (OR: 1.69; 95% CI, 0.93-3.05; P = 0.08) comparable to that achieved by PCNL. PCNL was associated with a higher rate of overall intraoperative complications (OR: 1.48; 95% CI, 1.01-2.17; P = 0.04) and longer hospital stay (MD: 2.21 days; 95% CI, 1.11 to 3.30; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis by Clavien-graded complication showed PCNL had significantly higher rates of minor complications (OR: 1.58; 95% CI, 1.04-2.41; P = 0.03). No significant difference was noted in major complications (OR: 1.14; 95% CI, 0.53-2.45; P = 0.73) or operative times (MD: −9.71 min; 95% CI, −22.02 to 2.60; P = 0.12). Conclusions: Multisession FURS is an effective and safe alternative to PCNL for the management of intermediate-size renal stones (2-3cm). It is advisable to balance the benefits and risks according to the individual characteristics of patients and to decide with patients by discussing the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure.

Progress of minimally invasive treatment about fragility fractures of pelvis / 中国骨伤

With the serious aging of the population, the incidence of fragility fractures of the pelvis(FFPs) has gradually increased, which has become a public problem affecting the living quality of the elderly. When a surgical treatment is chosen, the procedure should be as minimal invasive as possible and avoid all surgical complications. In recent years, different techniques for percutaneous or less invasive fixation of the posterior pelvic ring have been developed. Their advantages and limitations are presented: sacroplasty, iliosacral screw osteosynthesis, cement augmentation, transiliac internal fixation, transsacral osteosynthesis, lumbopelvic fixation. The purpose of this paper is to review the classification and minimally invasive treatment of FFP.