Clinical study of antinib combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of third-line extensive small cell lung cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To explore whether the survival benefit of the third-line extensive small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) will be obtained by the combination of anlotinib and radiotherapy, and evaluate the safety of this treatment regimen. Methods: Twenty-seven patients with ES-SCLC who received third-line treatment with less than three metastatic organs at the Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from November 2018 to July 2021 were collected and treated with radiotherapy based on anlotinib. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to estimate the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), descriptive statistical analysis was used to evaluate the safety, and European organisation for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire-core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) was used to evaluate the quality of life. Results: The follow-up cut-off date was July 1, 2021, and the follow-up time ranged from 4.8 to 31.0 months, with a median follow-up time of 10.2 months for the entire group. Among the 27 patients, 4 achieved partial remission, 17 had stable disease and 6 had progression of disease. The objective remission rate (ORR) was 14.8%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 77.8%. Median PFS and the median OS were 5 months and 11 months, respectively. The most common adverse reactions included fatigue (33.3%, 9/27), anorexia (14.8%, 4/27), bleeding (14.8%, 4/27) and hand-foot syndrome (11.1%, 3/27). Most of them were grade 1 to grade 2, 3 cases were more than grade 3, and there was no grade 5 toxicity recorded. After radiotherapy combined with amlotinib treatment, patients showed improvement in general health, somatic functioning, social functioning, and emotional functioning (all P<0.05). Conclusion: For the third-line ES-SCLC patients, radiotherapy based on the anlotinib can significantly prolong their PFS and OS, and the adverse reactions can be tolerated.

Clinical study of antinib combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of third-line extensive small cell lung cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To explore whether the survival benefit of the third-line extensive small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) will be obtained by the combination of anlotinib and radiotherapy, and evaluate the safety of this treatment regimen. Methods: Twenty-seven patients with ES-SCLC who received third-line treatment with less than three metastatic organs at the Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from November 2018 to July 2021 were collected and treated with radiotherapy based on anlotinib. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to estimate the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), descriptive statistical analysis was used to evaluate the safety, and European organisation for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire-core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) was used to evaluate the quality of life. Results: The follow-up cut-off date was July 1, 2021, and the follow-up time ranged from 4.8 to 31.0 months, with a median follow-up time of 10.2 months for the entire group. Among the 27 patients, 4 achieved partial remission, 17 had stable disease and 6 had progression of disease. The objective remission rate (ORR) was 14.8%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 77.8%. Median PFS and the median OS were 5 months and 11 months, respectively. The most common adverse reactions included fatigue (33.3%, 9/27), anorexia (14.8%, 4/27), bleeding (14.8%, 4/27) and hand-foot syndrome (11.1%, 3/27). Most of them were grade 1 to grade 2, 3 cases were more than grade 3, and there was no grade 5 toxicity recorded. After radiotherapy combined with amlotinib treatment, patients showed improvement in general health, somatic functioning, social functioning, and emotional functioning (all P<0.05). Conclusion: For the third-line ES-SCLC patients, radiotherapy based on the anlotinib can significantly prolong their PFS and OS, and the adverse reactions can be tolerated.

Meta-analysis of lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia / 中国实用儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound for neonatal pneumonia by Meta-analysis.METHODS: PubMed,Cochrane library,Embase,CNKI and Wanfang Database were searched from database establishment to September 2018 to gather articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of diagnostic research. A total of 907 studies were retrieved. Eight studies were selected for analysis. QUADAS2 was used to evaluate the quality of articles included. Heterogeneity was assessed by using Q and I2 statistics. Meta-Disc 1.4 software was applied for the statistical analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound for neonatal pneumonia. RESULTS: A total of 8 articles involving 1078 cases were included. Random effect model was adopted for statistical analysis. The pooled sensitivity was0.96(95%CI:0.95-0.98);the pooled specificity was 0.98(95%CI:0.95-0.99);the pooled positive likelihood ratio was19.52(95%CI:5.00-76.15);the pooled negative likelihood ratio was 0.04(95%CI:0.01-0.16);the pooled odds ratio was 565.45(81.80-3908.58);the area under SROC was 0.9950. CONCLUSION: The sensitivity and specificity of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia are higher than X-ray. Considering the features of being easy,readily availability,low cost,and being free from radiological hazards,current evidence supports lung ultrasound as an imaging alternative for the diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia.

Effects of iptakalim on the functions of endothelin system in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of iptakalim(IPT),a novel K_(ATP) opener,on the functions of endothelin system in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells.Methods Primary cultured human pulmonary artery endothelial cells were incubated with different concentrations iptakalim for 24 h.The levels of ET-1 in medium were observed by radioimmunoassay.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was performed to analyze the expression of ET-1 and ECE.Results When endothelial cells were incubated with IPT at concentrations above 10 μmol·L~(-1),the levels of ET-1 release in medium and the levels of ET-1 mRNA were significantly inhibited.When endothelial cells were incubated with IPT at concentrations above 1 μmol·L~(-1),the levels of ECE mRNA were significantly inhibited.Conclusions IPT can inhibit the expression of ET-1 and ECE mRNA from human pulmonary artery endothelial cells, thus it inhibits the secretion of ET-1 from endothelial cells. Iptakalim may serve as a promising candidate drug to treat pulmonary hypertension.

Effects of iptakalim on the mRNA and protein expression of eNOS in pulmonary tissue of chronic hypoxic rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study mRNA and protein expression of eNOS in pulmonary tissue of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH)rats and chronic hypoxic rats treated with novel KATP opener iptakalim.Methods sixty Sprague-Dawley(SD)male rats were randomly divided into control group, hypoxic group, low dose iptakalim group(0.75 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), and high dose iptakalim group(1.5 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)).Except the first group, the other three groups were put into hypoxic and normobaric chamber (10%±0.5% O_2,8 h/day and 6 day/week) to establish chronic hypoxic model. After four weeks, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP), RV/(LV+S)and the plasma concentration of NO were measured. RT-PCR was performed to analyze the mRNA expression of eNOS in pulmonary tissue. Western blot was performed to analyze the protein expression of eNOS, iNOS in pulmonary tissue. Results ① The level of mPAP and RV/ ( LV + S) were significantly higher in the hypoxic group than those in control group ( P < 0. 05 ) , Low dose iptakalim groupandhighdoseiptakalimgroupdecreased the level of mPAP and RV/( LV + S) significantly (P <0. 05). ② The level of NO was significantly lower in the hypoxic group than those in control group (P<0. 05). Low dose iptakalim group and high dose iptakalim group increased the level of NO significantly (P < 0. 05 ). ③ The mRNA and protein expression of eNOS in the hypoxic group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0. 05 ). Low dose iptakalim group and high dose iptakalim group increased the expression of eNOS significantly ( P < 0. 05). High dose iptakalim group was more significant. Conclusion Pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction is induced by chronic hypoxia,and the level of NO, the mRNA and protein expression of eNOS are decreased. Iptakalim can improve the vascular endothelial dysfunction, increase the expression of eNOS and the level of NO and reverse hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

Genetic diversity and geographical differentiation of cultivated six-rowed naked barley landraces from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau of China detected by SSR analysis

Cultivated six-rowed naked barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. hexastichon var. nudum Hsü) is the oldest cultivated barley in China. We used 35 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers selected from seven barley linkage groups to study the genetic diversity, geographical differentiation and evolutionary relationships among 65 H. vulgare ssp. hexastichon landrace accessions collected from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau of China, 25 accessions from Tibet (TB), 20 from Qinghai (QH) and 20 from Ganzi (GZ) prefecture in Sichuan province. At the 35 SSR loci we identified 248 alleles among the 65 accessions, 119 (47.98 percent) of the alleles being common alleles. We also found that the TB accessions possessed 47 private alleles, about 1.5 times more than the 31 private alleles found in the QH accessions and about 5 times more than 9 private alleles found in the GZ accessions. Generally, the TB accessions showed significantly higher genetic diversity than either the QH or GZ accessions whereas no significant difference in genetic diversity was found between the QH and GZ accessions. Partitioning analysis of genetic diversity showed that about 81 percent of the total variation was due to within-subgroup diversity and about 19 percent was clearly accounted for by geographical differentiation among the three subgroups. The distributions of alleles for most loci (71.4 percent) were significantly different among the three subgroups and geographical differentiation could be found according to the distribution of SSR alleles. Cluster analysis indicated that most of the accessions could be clustered into groups which basically coincided with their geographical distribution. These results suggest that Tibet might be a center of genetic diversity for cultivated barley, the cultivated six-rowed naked barley on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau of China may have evolved in Tibet and spread to Qinghai and then to Ganzi prefecture of Sichuan province.