Research advances in serum markers and transient elastography in the evaluation of liver fibrosis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Studies have shown that liver fibrosis and some cases of early liver cirrhosis can be reversed,and thus a timely,accurate judg-ment of fibrosis degree has important clinical significance in prevention/treatment and prognostic evaluation of chronic liver diseases. In re-cent years,great achievements have been made in the application of serum markers and transient elastography for the evaluation of liver fibro-sis. This article introduces the value of serological markers and related models in evaluating liver fibrosis,including CHI3L1,GP model, Forns,APRI,and FIB-4 index,and reviews the advances in the application of transient elastography in determining fibrosis stage in pa-tients with chronic liver diseases. It is pointed out that a combination of these two methods has a high value in evaluating fibrosis degree.

Prevalence of the poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Henan Province and analysis of the related factors / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To analyze epidemic status and influencing factors for the poor vision of the students in Henan in 2014 and to provide the scientific basis of more targeted myopia prevention strategies.Methods The data of 34 886 students aged 9 to 18 who were involved in the students'physical fitness survey in Henan province in 2014 was used to analyze epidemic status and influencing factors for the poor vision.Results The prevalence rate of myopia among Henan students was 62.5％.In addition,high school was higher than middle school which was higher than primary school.Girl was higher than boy,and urban was higher than rural.Through the unconditional logistic regression,having breakfast three to five times a week,eating eggs three to five times a week,drinking milk unusually,doing exercise over two hours a day,and watching TV over two hours a day were the protective factors for poor vision,of which the OR were 0.850,0.883,0.864,0.830,0.738 respectively.Correspondingly,the 95％ CI were 0.776-0.931,0.813-0.960,0.812-0.920,0.722-0.955,0.681-0.799.While sleeping less than seven hours,PE class one time a week or less,refusing to run longdistance,doing homework over two hours,and playing the e-productions over two hours were the risk factors of which OR were 1.100,1.091,1.100,1.375,1.155 respectively.Correspondingly,the 95％ CI were 1.009-1.199,1.017-1.172,1.024-1.183,1.287-1.469,1.072-1.244.Conclusions The rate of the myopia among the students in Henan is still severe.There are multifarious factors related to poor vision.Therefore,much more targeted measures should be taken to prevent poor vision from developing.

Analysis of surveillance results of schistosomiasis in Hexi reservoir area from 2012 to 2015 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the changes of schistosomiasis epidemic situation,so as to provide the evidence for for?mulating schistosomiasis control strategy in the Hexi reservoir area. Methods From 2012 to 2015,Xinyuan Village,Meishan Town in the north entrance of Hexi reservoir was selected as a monitoring site. According to the requirements of the monitoring program of schistosomiasis surveillance in Zhejiang Province,the Schistosoma japonicum infection was investigated by using the serological screening(IHA),and the basic situation of the surveillance site was also investigated. Results From 2012 to 2015,167 environments(21.68 hm2)were surveyed,and 2 slices(0.1 hm2)were found with Oncomelania hupensis snails. The detection rate of frames with snails was 0.12%,and the living snail density was 0.0192 snails per 0.1 m2. Totally 374 snails were dissected and no schistosome infected snails were found. A total of 970 local residents and 8 748 mobile people were investigated with the serological tests,and no schistosome infected people were found. In addition,3 085 cattle were investigated and no in?fected ones were found. Conclusion The schistosomiasis epidemic situation is stable in the Hexi reservoir area,but we still should strengthen the monitoring of imported source of infection and snail status,and increase the efforts of environmental trans?formation.

Monitoring report of Oncomelania hupensis snail distribution and diffusion in main drainages of Hexi Reservoir / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

objective To understand the status of Oncomelania hupensis snail distribution and diffusion in main drainages of Hexi Reservoir and evaluate the snail control effect of the schistosomiasis control engineering of Hexi Reservoir. Methods The O. hupensis snails were investigated by using the straw curtain method and fishing net method in different areas of the main drainages of Hexi Reservoir and the results were analyzed. Results A total of 1 800 straw curtains were used and 37 snails were found in Naxi stream. Totally 5 870 kg floats were salved and no snails were found. Conclusion The schistosomiasis con?trol engineering of Hexi Reservoir is effective in the prevention of the snail diffusion but there are still snails in the upstream. Therefore the snail surveillance and control need to be strengthened.

Effect of schistosomiasis control projects in Hexi Reservoir on Oncomelania snail control / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control projects in Hexi Reservoir on Oncomelania hupensis snail control. Methods The canal hardening+main water system widening+the overflow dam project,the concrete slope protec-tion,the banking and reclamation + concrete slope protection project,the environment reform project,and the comprehensive treatment were implemented in the tail area,the hydro-fluctuation belt,the rainwater harvesting zoon of the upstream area,the dam area,and the downstream area of the reservoir,respectively. The changes of the snail situation were investigated before and after the construction of the reservoir,and the snail control effects of the schistosomiasis control projects in different parts of the reservoir were analyzed. Results There were no Oncomelania snails found 3 years in the bottom area,dam area,hydro-fluctua-tion belt,tail region and downstream of the dam after the construction and storage of the reservoir and the implementation of the schistosomiasis control projects. In the rainwater harvesting zoon of the upstream area,the density of living snails decreased from 0.620 4 snails/0.1 m2 in 2009 to 0.113 2 snails/0.1 m2 in 2013,but the snail area still remained. Conclusions The schistosomia-sis control projects in Hexi Reservoir have effectively prevented the diffusion of Oncomelania snails from the rainwater harvesting zone of the upstream area to the dam area,and they are effective in the snail control.