Ingestão alimentar e excesso de adiposidade de mulheres sedentárias / Food intake and excess of adiposity in healthy women

Introdução: O índice de massa corporal (IMC) é um parâmetro antropométrico bastante utilizado para definição do estado nutricional de populações. No entanto, este parâmetro não avalia a adiposidade. O aumento da adiposidade em mulheres sedentárias é bastante prevalente e associado às doenças crônico-degenerativas. A qualidade da alimentação e o valor calórico total consumido inadequado pode favorecer o maior acúmulo de tecido adiposo. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar o perfil antropométrico e ingestão alimentar de mulheres sedentárias eutróficas. Método: Foi realizada avaliação de peso, altura e dobras cutâneas e aplicado nove R24h de 16 mulheres. Resultados: A idade média das voluntárias foi de 39,5±3,6. A massa corporal total foi 61,88 kg (±6,90). Segundo o IMC, as voluntárias foram classificadas como normais (22,8 kg/ m2±1,89), porém foi observado um elevado conteúdo de massa gorda (31,74%±4,04). O consumo calórico médio foi de 1679,33 kcal±225,48, houve consumo de 27,13 kcal/kg peso corporal. Os valores de consumo de macronutrientes por kg/peso corporal foram 3,5 g de carboidrato/ kg, 1,19 g de proteína/kg e 0,96 g de lipídios/kg. Conforme já descrito em outros trabalhos, os resultados obtidos referentes ao perfil alimentar associado ao excesso de adiposidade são fatores associados ao risco aumentado a doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis. Conclusões: A dieta consumida, baseada nos nove registros alimentares coletados de cada voluntária, é hipocalórica, hiperproteíca, hiperlipídica e normoglícidica. As mulheres apresentam excesso de adiposidade, porém possuem IMC dentro da normalidade. Isso corrobora com o fato de que um parâmetro antropométrico isolado é insuficiente para avaliação do estado nutricional.(AU)

Introduction: Body mass index (BMI) is an anthropometric parameter commonly used to define the nutritional status of populations. However, this parameter does not evaluate adiposity. Increased adiposity in sedentary women is highly prevalent and is associated with chronic diseases. The quality of food and the total calories consumed inappropriate value may favor greater accumulation of adipose tissue. To investigate the anthropometric profile and food intake of sedentary women eutrophic. Methods: Anthropometric and applicated nine R24h were performed to estimate the nutritional intake of 16 women. Results: The mean age of the volunteers was 39.5±3.6. Total body mass was 61 kg average (±6.90). According to BMI subjects were classified as normal (22.8 kg/m2±1,89), but it was observed a high body fat content (31.74%±4.04). The average water content measured was 47.06% (±4.29). The average calorie consumption was 1679 kcal±225 there was consumption 27,13 kcal/kg body weight. Carbohydrate consumption, protein and lipids was 54.48% (±4.35), 17.67% (±2.75) and 31.05% (±4.58) of the total caloric value. The consumption values of nutrients per kg/body weight was 3.5 g carbohydrate/kg 1.19 g protein/kg lipid and 0.96 g/kg. The results for the food profile associated with the risk of obesity are factors associated with increased risk to non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: The diet of women proved to be inadequate in macro and micronutrients. The profile of the diet consumed, was low-calorie, high protein, high fat and normoglícidica. Women have excess body fat, but have BMI within the normal range. This fact contributes to the previously presented an isolated anthropometric parameter is insufficient to assess nutritional status.(AU)

Effects of ovariectomy and resistance training on oxidative stress markers in the rat liver

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of resistance training on oxidative stress markers in the livers of ovariectomized rats. METHOD: Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following four groups (n = 8 per group): sham-operated sedentary, ovariectomized sedentary, sham-operated resistance training, and ovariectomized resistance training. During the resistance training period, the animals climbed a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails; the sessions were conducted 3 times per week, with 4-9 climbs and 8-12 dynamic movements per climb. The oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the levels of reduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione, the enzymatic activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation, vitamin E concentrations, and the gene expression of glutathione peroxidase. RESULTS: The results showed significant reductions in the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio (4.11±0.65 nmol/g tec), vitamin E concentration (55.36±11.11 nmol/g), and gene expression of glutathione peroxidase (0.49±0.16 arbitrary units) in the livers of ovariectomized rats compared with the livers of unovariectomized animals (5.71±0.71 nmol/g tec, 100.14±10.99 nmol/g, and 1.09±0.54 arbitrary units, respectively). Moreover, resistance training for 10 weeks was not able to reduce the oxidative stress in the livers of ovariectomized rats and induced negative changes in the hepatic anti-oxidative/oxidative balance. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the resistance training program used in this study was not able to attenuate the hepatic oxidative damage caused by ovariectomy and increased the hepatic oxidative stress. .