RESUMO
RESUMEN: Objetivos: Analizar en octononagenarios los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, la medicación y el cumplimiento de las metas en prevención cardiovascular. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, multicéntrico, de muestras consecutivas que incluyó sujetos ≥ 80 años. Se evaluaron las metas de C-LDL (< 130 y < 100 mg/dL en prevención primaria y secundaria), presión arterial (< 150/90 mmHg) y HbA1c (< 7%). Resultados: Se incluyeron 265 pacientes (mujeres 54,0%, edad 85,0 ± 4 años). El 74,3%, 47,5%, 4,5% y 16,2% mostró hipertensión arterial, dislipidemia, tabaquismo o diabetes, respectivamente. El 26,2% recibía ≥ 3 antihipertensivos, el 18,5% (prevención primaria) y 58,3% (prevención secundaria) aspirina y el 50,6% estatinas. El 80,8% alcanzó la meta de presión arterial, el 67,4% y 63,9% alcanzó los objetivos de C-LDL (prevención primaria y secundaria) y el 76,9% mostró control glucémico. Conclusión: La prevalencia de factores de riesgo fue considerable, y alcanzó una gran proporción de pacientes las metas recomendadas.
SUMMARY: Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze cardiovascular risk factors, medication and cardiovascular prevention goals achieved in an octo/nonagenarian population. Methods: This was a descriptive, multicenter study of consecutive samples that included subjects ≥80 years. LDL-C (<130 and <100 mg / dL in primary and secondary prevention), blood pressure (<150/90 mmHg), and HbA1c (<7%) goals were evaluated. Results: A total of 265 patients were included in the study (women 54.0%, age 85.0±4 years). History of hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, or diabetes was present in 74.3%, 47.5%, 4.5% and 16.2% of patients, respectively. In 26.2% received ≥3 antihypertensive drugs, 18.5% (primary prevention) and 58.3% (secondary prevention) received aspirin, and 50.6% received statins. The blood pressure goal was fulfilled in 80.8% of cases. The LDL-C goals were attained in 67.4% (primary prevention) and 63.9% (secondary prevention) patients and 76.9% showed glycemic control. Conclusion: The prevalence of risk factors was significant, with a high proportion of patients achieving the recommended goals.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Objectives Cardiovascular risk estimated by several scores in patients with diabetes mellitus without a cardiovascular disease history and the association with carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP) were the aims of this study. Materials and methods Cardiovascular risk was calculate using United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) risk engine, Framingham risk score for cardiovascular (FSCV) and coronary disease (FSCD), and the new score (NS) proposed by the 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol. Ultrasound was used to assess CAP occurrence. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed. Results One hundred seventy patients (mean age 61.4 ± 11 years, 58.8% men) were included. Average FSCV, FSCD and NS values were 33.6% ± 21%, 20.6% ± 12% and 24.8% ± 18%, respectively. According to the UKPDS score, average risk of coronary disease and stroke were 22.1% ± 16% and 14.3% ± 19% respectively. Comparing the risks estimated by the different scores a significant correlation was found. The prevalence of CAP was 51%, in patients with the higher scores this prevalence was increased. ROC analysis showed a good discrimination power between subjects with or without CAP. Conclusion The cardiovascular risk estimated was high but heterogenic. The prevalence of CAP increased according to the strata of risk. Understanding the relationship between CAP and scores could improve the risk estimation in subjects with diabetes.