Microagulhamento e fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) como estratégias para o tratamento de cicatrizes de acne / Microneedling and epidermal growth factor (EGF) as strategies for the acne scars

Introdução: a técnica de microagulhamento e aplicação de drug delivery transdérmico é indicada para o tratamento das cicatrizes de acne. Objetivos: avaliar a técnica de microagulhamento associada à aplicação de fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) em drug delivery. Métodos: ensaio clínico duplo-cego randomizado, com seleção de 30 pacientes, divididos em dois grupos: (1) duas sessões de microagulhamento com intervalo de 30 dias e (2) duas sessões de microagulhamento com mesmo intervalo e associação de drug delivery de EGF. Os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação clínica (escala global de cicatriz de acne - Goodman e Baron, 2006), a avaliação por imagem multiespectral e por questionários de autopercepção. A avaliação estatística (Teste T Student, Teste SNK, análise de variância) foi realizada com o software estatístico SisVar (UFLA, 1996). Resultados: os grupos foram homogêneos quanto à idade, sexo e fototipo. Na avaliação clínica, houve redução dos escores de gravidade para ambos os grupos. A análise multiespectral revelou redução das porfirinas (p=0,0296) e melhora da textura da pele, ambas para o grupo 2. Conclusão: a terapia com microagulhamento foi eficaz e segura para o tratamento de cicatrizes de acne, e o EGF demonstrou ser um ativo promissor.

Background: The microneedling technique and the transdermal drug delivery are indicated to treat acne scars. Objective: Evaluation of the microneedling technique associated with the drug delivery of the epidermal growth factor (EGF). Methods: Randomized double-blind clinical trial of 30 patients divided into two groups: (1) - two microneedling sessions with a 30-day interval, (2) - two microneedling sessions with the same interval but associated with EGF drug delivery. The patients were evaluated clinically (global acne scarring grading system - Goodman and Baron) global acne scarring grading system via multispectral image and through self-perception questionnaires. The statistical analysis (Student T-test, SNK test, analysis of variance) was performed with the SisVar software (UFLA, 1996). Results: The groups were homogeneous regarding age, gender, and phototype. Clinical assessments showed a reduction in severity scores for both groups. The multispectral analysis revealed a decrease in porphyrins (p = 0.0296) and an improvement in skin texture in group 2 subjects. Conclusion: Microneedling therapy was effective and safe for the acne scars treatment, and EGF demonstrated to be a promising strategy as well.

Educação e sensibilidade: o brincar e o se-movimentar da criança pequena na escola / Education and sensitivity: the play and move yourself the child in school / Educación y sensibilidad: el jugar y el "movimiento" del niño pequeño en la escuela

Este estudo teve como objetivo central investigar como o brincar e o se-movimentar são proporcionados no espaço escolar e de que maneira eles contribuem para a educação da sensibilidade da criança pequena. Foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso que envolveu duas escolas municipais da cidade de Capinzal, SC; uma localizada no interior do município e a outra na cidade. Foi selecionada uma turma de crianças entre 4 e 6 anos de idade em cada escola, que totalizaram 40 crianças. Constatou-se que o brincar e o se-movimentar nas escolas estudadas acontecem muitas vezes por intermédio do controle dos professores, sempre com o intuito de promover uma competição e de chegar a um resultado final. Portanto, nas escolas investigadas, o incentivo à construção de situações que possibilitem o desenvolvimento da sensibilidade recebe pouca importância, o que compromete significativamente a educação da sensibilidade dessas crianças e limita o poder de criação.

Thus, this study had as main objective to investigate about the ways as the play and the move yourself are proposed in the school environment and how they contribute for the sensibility education to the child. First, it was developed a theorical research about the subjets and the fundamental authors, that suply the base for the second part of the study. This other step was an empirical study that involved two municipal schools from the city of Capinzal, SC; one located in the countryside and the other one downtown. It was chosen a class of chuildren from 4 to 6 years old in each school, that totaling 40 children. Therefore, in the investigated schools, the stimulus to situations construction that enable the sensibility development receives little importance, what commits meaningly the sensibility education of these children and limits the creation' power.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo central investigar cómo el juego y el movimiento se proporcionan en el espacio escolar y de qué manera contribuyen a la educación de la sensibilidad del niño pequeño. Se desarrolló un estudio de caso que involucró dos escuelas municipales de la ciudad de Capinzal, SC; una ubicada en el interior del municipio y la otra en la ciudad. Se seleccionó una clase de niños entre 4 y 6 años de edad en cada escuela, que totalizaron 40 niños. Se constató que el jugar y el mudanza en las escuelas estudiadas ocurren muchas veces por intermedio del control de los profesores, siempre con el propósito de promover una competición y de llegar a un resultado final. Por lo tanto, en las escuelas investigadas, el incentivo a la construcción de situaciones que posibiliten el desarrollo de la sensibilidad recibe poca importancia, lo que compromete significativamente la educación de la sensibilidad de esos niños y limita el poder de creación.

A eficácia do sistema Invisalign na estética e função – revisão sistemática / The efficacy of Invisalign system in aesthetics and function – a systematic review

O sistema Invisalign é um método de movimentação ortodôntica baseado em uma tecnologia 3D, que consiste em uma alternativa para pacientes que almejam a estética e o restabelecimento funcional. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se descrever os efeitos do tratamento com Invisalign, o grau de motivação dos pacientes e a relação entre outras mecânicas ortodônticas. Pesquisaram-se as palavras-chaves Invisalign, treatment outcomes, esthetics e malocclusion no Pubmed, obtendo-se 93 resultados. Foram selecionados 16 artigos entre 2004 e 2014 com base em títulos e resumos. Destes, 12 consistiam em estudos clínicos e quatro em relatos de casos. Um estudo mostrou que a experiência profissional pode estar relacionada ao índice de sucesso do tratamento com alinhadores. Em relação ao ClinCheck, dois estudos demonstraram uma maior precisão durante a constrição lingual ou rotação de caninos. Dois estudos constataram que procedimentos, como desgaste interproximal e protrusão, contribuíram para melhores finalizações dos tratamentos. Comparando as técnicas ortodônticas, três estudos demonstraram que o sistema Invisalign obteve bons resultados no nivelamento dos arcos, porém, o tratamento convencional ou autoligado proporciona maiores benefícios para a correção da má-oclusão e para uma maior estabilidade no período de pós-tratamento. Dois estudos destacaram que o aparelho lingual e o aparelho fixo proporcionaram níveis mais elevados de dor, quando comparado aos alinhadores. Quatro relatos de casos evidenciaram que a utilização de acessórios e a realização de redução interproximal podem favorecer para correção de apinhamento, sobremordida e sobressaliência. Em suma, os estudos mostraram que o sistema Invisalign possui muitas vantagens, entretanto, é necessário que a técnica seja indicada corretamente...

Invisalign is a method of orthodontic movement based on a 3D technology that is an alternative for patients who aims the aesthetic and functional recovery. In this context, the objective was to describe the effects of treatment with Invisalign, the degree of motivation of patients and the relationship between other orthodontic mechanics. The study was carried keywords Invisalign, treatment outcomes, aesthetics, malocclusion in Pubmed, obtaining 93 results. We selected 16 articles (2004-2014) based on titles and abstracts. These, twelve consisted in clinical studies and four in case reports. One study showed that professional experience may be related to the success rate of treatment with aligners. Regarding Clincheck, two studies demonstrated greater accuracy during lingual constriction or rotation of canines. Two studies found that procedures such as interproximal wear and protrusion, lead to better treatments submissions. Comparing orthodontic techniques, three studies demonstrated that the Invisalign system obtained good results in leveling of the arches, but the conventional treatment or self-ligated provide greater benefits for the correction of malocclusion and greater stability in the post-treatment. Two studies highlighted that the lingual braces and fixed appliance provided higher levels of pain, compared to aligners. Four case reports showed that the use of accessories and performing interproximal reduction may favor to correct crowding, overbite and overjet. In short, studies have shown that the Invisalign system has many advantages, however it is necessary that the technique is correctly indicated...

Transfusion practices in a neonatal intensive care unit in a city in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: Newborn infants are the most heavily transfused population inside intensive care units. The hemoglobin level used to indicate the need of transfusions is not well established. The aim of this study was to evaluate transfusional practices in newborns in the neonatal intensive care units of one specific city. METHODS: Red blood cell transfusion practices of all transfused newborns in all five of the neonatal intensive care units of the city were analyzed. Data are reported as descriptive statistics, including numbers and percentages and means and standard deviation. Univariate analysis, followed by stepwise logistic regression was performed in respect to transfusional data and outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 949 patients were admitted to the intensive care units during the 12-month study period with 20.9% receiving at least one transfusion, most (62.4%) of whom received more than one transfusion. The mean number of transfusions per infant was 2.7 ± 2.16; in the liberal transfusion group the mean number was 1.59 ± 1.63 and in the restrictive group it was 1.08 ± 1.51. The mean hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were 9.0 g/dL (±1.4 g/dL) and 27.4% (±4.3%), respectively. The most common indications for blood transfusions were sepsis and prematurity. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the characteristics and the transfusion practices for newborns admitted in the neonatal intensive care units of Juiz de Fora are similar to recent pubications. There was no significant reduction in the number of transfusions per child in the restrictive group compared to the liberal group. Restrictive transfusions are an independent risk factor for peri-intraventricular hemorrhages and death...

Changes in pharyngeal airway space and soft tissue after maxillary advancement and bimaxillary surgery

AIM: To evaluate changes in pharyngeal airway space (nasopharynx and oropharynx), soft palate and lingual vallecula after maxillary advancement surgery and maxillary advancement and mandibular setback surgery (bimaxillary surgery). METHODS: Twenty Class III adult patients were included in the study. Ten patients were treated with maxillary advancement and ten with bimaxillary surgery (maxillary advancement and mandibular setback). Cephalometric landmark measurements were recorded at 3 different time intervals: pre-surgical, post-surgical and six months after surgery. Data collected were subjected to one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). RESULTS: Nasopharyngeal airway space increased after maxillary advancement and decreased after bimaxillary surgery. There was increase in oropharyngeal dimensions in the region around the uvula and loss of space for lingual vallecula, while in Group 2 there was diminished space for both uvula and vallecula. The uvula and vallecula were moved forward in Group 1, whereas these structures were moved in the posterior direction in Group 2. CONCLUSIONS: After maxillary advancement surgery there was an increased in space in the nasopharyngeal region. The oropharyngeal region related to the uvula presented an increase in space, whereas there was a reduction in relation to the lingual vallecula. The uvula and lingual vallecula were moved forward. Bimaxillary surgery promoted a reduction in the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal regions as regards both the uvula and lingual vallecula. The uvula and lingual vallecula were moved in the posterior direction...

Análise do líquen cladonia verticillaris (RADDI) Fr: em condiçôes de laboratório sob efeito do estireno e ciclohexano / Analysis of the lichen cladonia verticillaris (RADDI) FR: in laboratory conditions under styrene and ciclohexane effect

Cladonia verticillaris (Raddi) Fr. colectada en suelos arenosos en el municipio de Alhandra, Paraíba, fue sometida, bajo condiciones de laboratorio, a la aplicación de 4ml de estireno, ciclohexano y agua desionizada. Estratos orgánicos de muestras con 3,5,10 y15 días, fueron analizados en ensayos de cromatografía en capa delgada (CCD) y cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia (CLAE). Estas muestras fueron también analizadas por microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) para análisis de alteraciones morfológicas. Los resultados evidenciaron la producción de algunas sustancias intermediarias y reducción del ácido fumarprotocetrárico y atranorina. El análisis de la superficie externa del liquen demostró alteraciones morfológicas con exhibición de las hifas corticales. Este estudio ratifica los datos obtenidos en el ambiente, y caracteriza el potencial de C. Verticillaris como bioindicador inmediato para polución atmosférica.