Determinants of quality of life in Brazilian patients with myasthenia gravis

OBJECTIVES: The aims of the current study were 1) to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the 15-item Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life Scale and 2) to investigate the quality of life of Brazilian patients with myasthenia gravis and its determinants. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 69 patients with myasthenia gravis who underwent neurological evaluation and completed questionnaires regarding quality of life (the 36-item Short Form of the Medical Outcomes Study and the 15-item Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life Scale), anxiety and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: The Brazilian version of the 15-item Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life Scale showed high internal consistency and good concurrent validity with the 36-item Short Form of the Medical Outcomes Study and its subscales. Determinants of quality of life in Brazilian patients with myasthenia gravis included the current status of myasthenia gravis as assessed by the Myasthenia Gravis Composite, the current prednisone dose and the levels of anxiety and depression. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of the 15-item Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life Scale is a valid instrument. Symptom severity, prednisone dosage and anxiety and depression levels impact the quality of life of patients with myasthenia gravis.

Clinical profile of patients with myasthenia gravis followed at the University Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais / Perfil clínico de pacientes com miastenia gravis em acompanhamento no Hospital das Clínicas, da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Summary Objective: to determine the clinical profile of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG); followed at the Neuromuscular Diseases Clinic of the University Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and to compare it with other Brazilian case series. Methods: sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from patients, and a systematic literature review performed, focusing on national studies on the clinical profile of MG patients. Results: sixty nine patients were enrolled in the study. Fifty five (91%) subjects were female and the mean age (SD) was 37.6 (±11.4) years. The mean disease duration was 14.1 years. Regarding treatment, prednisone was the most used strategy (64%), followed by the use of azathioprine (43%). There was no difference between thymectomized (42) and non-thymectomized (27) patients regarding disease severity and medication use. Conclusion: clinical and socio-demographic features of this MG sample from a University-based clinic resemble those reported in other Brazilian series and in the international literature. .

Objetivo: determinar o perfil clínico dos pacientes com miastenia gravis (MG) atendidos na Clínica de Doenças Neuromusculares do Serviço de Neurologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, e comparar com outras séries de casos brasileiras. Métodos: foram coletados dados clínicos e sociodemográficos dos pacientes, e realizada revisão sistemática de literatura, focando em estudos nacionais sobre o perfil clínico de pacientes com MG. Resultados: sessenta e nove pacientes participaram do estudo, sendo 55 (91%) do sexo feminino, e a média de idade (desvio-padrão) de 37,6 (±11,4) anos. O tempo médio de doença foi de 14,1 anos. Em relação ao tratamento, o uso isolado de prednisona foi a estratégia mais adotada (64%), seguida do uso de azatioprina (43,3%). Não houve diferença entre os pacientes timectomizados (47) e não timectomizados (22) no que diz respeito à gravidade da doença e ao tratamento. Conclusão: as características clínicas e sociodemográficas da presente amostra de pacientes com MG de um serviço universitário assemelham-se às características de outras séries brasileiras e da literatura internacional. .

Metisergida como profilaxia de migrânea e cefaleia em salvas, e a possível ocorrência de fibrose retroperitoneal: relato de casos / Methysergide as prophylaxis of migraine and cluster headache, and the possible occurrence of retroperitoneal fibrosis: a case report

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Metisergida é fármaco de eficácia comprovada na profilaxia tanto da migrânea quanto da cefaleia em salvas, embora possa predispor a fibrose (< 1%). O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar dois casos de cefaleia primária de difícil controle, satisfatoriamente conduzidos com metisergida, que precisou ser interrompida por suspeita de fibrose retroperitoneal (FR). RELATO DOS CASOS: A metisergida foi utilizada, com sucesso, como profilático de migrânea e cefaleia em salvas em paciente de 69 anos, sexo feminino, e de 58 anos, sexo masculino, respectivamente, ambos refratários aos fármacos de primeira e segunda linha. Após 24 meses, no primeiro caso e 30 meses, no segundo, de uso contínuo de metisergida, foram observados sinais e sintomas sugestivos de FR como edema assimétrico de membros inferiores, sem dor, na paciente com migrânea; dor abdominal, disfunção sexual e edema de membros inferiores, no paciente com cefaleia em salvas. Apesar do rastreio inicial negativo para fibrose retroperitoneal feito com ultrassonografia e tomografia computadorizada de abdômen normais, no segundo, como os sinais e sintomas estavam progressivos, optou-se pela suspensão e redução, respectivamente, da metisergida. Houve resolução completa do quadro cerca de uma semana após essa conduta. CONCLUSÃO: A metisergida é boa opção nos casos refratários, mas deve ser utilizada com cautela. Estratégia de descontinuidade do fármaco a cada seis meses, por cerca de 4 a 8 semanas, reduz o risco de ocorrência de FR, assim como observação clínica de sinais e sintomas que sugiram esse efeito colateral.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Methysergide is a drug with proven efficacy to prevent both migraine and cluster headache, although it may predispose to fibrosis (< 1%). This study aimed at reporting two cases of primary and difficult to control headache, satisfactorily treated with methysergide, which had to be withdrawn due to suspicion of retroperitoneal fibrosis (RF). CASE REPORTS: Methysergide was successfully used to prevent migraine and cluster headache in a 69-year old male and in a 58-year old female, respectively, both refractory to first and second line drugs. After 24 months for the first case, and 30 months for the second case, of continuous methysergide, signs and symptoms suggesting RF were observed, such as asymmetric painless lower limbs edema in the migraine patient, and abdominal pain, sexual dysfunction and lower limbs edema in the cluster headache patient. In spite of the early negative screening for retroperitoneal edema made with normal abdominal ultrasound and CT, in the second, since signs and symptoms were progressing, we decided for methysergide withdrawal and decrease, respectively. There has been total resolution of symptoms approximately one week after such approach. CONCLUSION: Methysergide is a good option for refractory cases, but should be used with caution. Withdrawing the drug every six months for approximately 4 to 8 weeks decreases the incidence of RF, in addition to clinical observation of signs and symptoms suggesting this side-effect.